第12讲

一、Language points

1.  be convenient to do

    be convenient to sb

2.  to one’s taste:合某人的口味

show good taste in:对…有鉴赏力

have a/an…taste:有…的味道

taste good:吃起来很好

have a taste for/in:喜好…

3.  rob sb/place of sth

    steal sth from sb

    steal sb sth

4.  contribute…to…: 向…捐献(投稿)

contribute to…:促成,有助于

make a contribution to/towards:向…捐献

5.  as follows:如下

    follow the example of:以…为榜样

6.  remind sb of sth=remind sb about sth

remind sb that-clause

remind sb to do sth

7.  A is to B what C is to D

stand out

start with

set aside:把…置于一旁,留出,拔出

be gone/missing/lost/left

8.  impress…on…: 把…印在…上

impress sb (with sth):使某人牢记(某事)

impress sth on sb:使某人铭记某事

be impressed by/at/with:被…所感动

be impressed on one’s mind/memory:被印在脑海里

9.  recommand+  sb/sth to sb:向某人推荐某人或某物

                sb for sth:推荐某人做(某工作)

                sth for…:推荐某物作(某用途)

                sb as…:推荐某人为…

                 doing sth:

                 sb to do sth         建议做某事

                 that-clause (should)

10.  remain +adj./n./doing/to do/介词短语:仍然是,保持某种状态

     It remains to be seen…:…还要看情况发展

     remaining:现在分词作前置定语:the remaining three dollars

                                   =the three dollars left

     stay +adj.:继续处于某种状态

     keep + adj.          继续处于某种状态

           n. +adj/doing

11.  lead to…:导致

    lead…to…:把…带向…

12. differ from/with sb on/about/upon sth:跟某人在…上意见不同

make a difference:起作用,发生影响

make some/no difference:有(没有)关系或影响

二、语法专题──状语从句的考点

1. 成分的省略

①在时间、地点、条件、让步、方式等状语从句中,如果主语是it或与主句的主语一致,且谓语动词含有be时,可把从句的主语和be一起省略。

Don’t speak until (you are) spoken to.

Do come to see me whenever (it is) possible.

②在比较状语从句中,可省略与主句相同的部分。

I know you more than he (knows you).

Tom is two years older than Alice (is).

③as(尽管)引导让步状语从句,表语前的冠词要省略。

Hero as he is, he has shortcomings.

④其他省略。

Please drop in any time you like.

Is it going to rain? If so, I’ll stay at home; but if not, we will go out.

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2. 时态的替代

①在时间、条件和让步状语从句中须用一般现在时替代一般将来时,用一般过去时替代过去将来时。

If it rains tomorrow, we won’t go fishing.

Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped.

②The more…the more…句型中,前句起“条件状语从句”作用,故用现在时表将来。

The harder you work, the greater progress you’ll make.

③after, before, as soon as等连词本身就暗示了时间的先后,因此可用一般过去时代替过去完成时,而不会产生时间上的混乱。

I went to bed after I (had) finished my homework.

The film star (had) left before the reporter arrived.

He got down to work as soon as he (had) go to the factory.

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3. 语序的倒装

①no sooner…than…, hardly/scarcely/barely…when…句型中的主句常用过去完成时,从句常用一般过去时,且置于句首时主句要倒装。

No sooner had he got home than it began to rain.

②so/such…that…, not until…置于句首时主句要倒装。

So angry did she feel that she couldn’t speak.

Not until he told me the truth did I realize what had happened.

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4. 连词的辨析。根据上下文的语意推断属于哪种状语从句,然后选择连词。

把握文章脉络,识别句式特点。①把握文章脉络,偏重观点、态度,慎边读边做。我们在通通览全文的基础上,要从整体上把握文脉,找出完形填空短文的主题大意,作者的观点、态度,文章展开的线索等信息。②学好语法知识,积累句型句式。尽管高考淡化语法,注重情景,但是扎实的语法功底,良好的语感对于完形填空题是大有帮助的。

例1:It was pouring outside. We all stood there____, some patiently, others annoyed  because  nature messed up their hurried day. I got lost in the sound and sight of the…

A. chatting           B. waiting            C. complaining    D. talking

[分析]细读全文可知,语境为外面下着倾盆大雨,我们站在那里在等雨停下来,不是在干其他事情。

例2: “Tonight was supposed to be____---- to celebrate six months. You do remember we’re engaged, don’t you?”

A. normal            B. sleepless         C. special             D. sad

[分析]本篇文章谈论一对情侣的经历,该题易误选B,认为会激动得睡不着,但是结合语境可知,要庆祝订婚六个月,所以今晚应具有特殊意义。

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三、题型归纳――完形填空的解题要决五

例3:The story____ to be this: George bought a lottery ticket(彩票) a few days ago and won a prize of $500,000.

A. turned up        B. turned out       C. turned down   D. turned off

[分析]考查常见句式。句意:故事证明是这样的:乔治几天前买了彩票获奖50万美元。turn out to be “结果是,证明是”,表示结果出乎意料之外,四个选项中只有turn out可接to be。

例4:Ellsworth, a patient who had suffered several failures in business, did not show much interest in painting at first. But____ the weeks went by, Swain’s visits grew more  frequently .

A. as          B. with                C. since               D. had to

[分析]分析语境可知,此处意为“随着时间一周一周过去”。此处不可填with,因为with后不接句子。As time went by “随着时间推移”,为我们所熟知的句式。

For some time I’ve had a church member provide me with a rose to pin on my suit every Sunday. __1__ I always got a flower on Sunday morning, I really did not__2__ much of it. It was a nice gesture that became__3__. One Sunday, however, what I considered__4__ became very special.

         As I was leaving the Sunday service, a little boy__5__ and said, “Sir, what are you going to do with your flower?” “Do you__6__ this?” I said, pointing to the rose pinned to my coat.

         He said, “Yes sir. I would like it if you are__7__ going to throw it away.” The little boy said, “Sir, I’m going to give it to my granny. My mother and father got_8__ last year. I was living with my mother, but I could not__9__, so she sent me to live with my grandmother. She has been so good to me that I want to give that pretty flower to her for__10__ me.”

         When the little boy finished I could hardly__11__. My eyes filled with tears and I knew I had been touched in the__12__ of my soul. I reached up and__13__ my flower. With the flower in my hand, I looked at the boy and said, “Son, that is the__14__ thing I have ever heard, but you can’t have this flower because it’s not__15__. If you’ll look in front of the platform, you’ll see a big__16__ of flowers. Different families buy them for the__17__ each week. Please take those flowers to your granny because she__18__ the very best.”

         If I hadn’t been__19__ enough already, he made one last statement and I will always treasure it. He said, “What a__20__ day! I asked for one flower but got a beautiful bouquet.”

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1. A. Because                B. Although         C. If                     D. Once

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2. A. speak                    B. think               C. remind            D. care

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3. A. rule                       B. practice           C. custom            D. routine

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4. A. valuable                B. useless            C. ordinary          D. normal

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5. A. approached        B. stopped           C. interrupted      D. followed

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6. A. notice                   B. see                  C. like                  D. mean

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7. A. always                  B. just                  C. ever                 D. already

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8. A. divorced               B. lost                  C. disturbed         D. troubled

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9. A. stand                    B. understand      C. stay                 D. help

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10. A. comforting         B. adopting                   C. supporting      D. loving

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11. A. move                  B. speak              C. breathe            D. refuse

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12. A. depths                B. back                C. bottom            D. corner

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13. A. uncovered          B. unloaded         C. unpinned  D. unwrapped

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14. A. sweetest             B. nicest              C. saddest            D. strangest

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15. A. real                     B. fresh               C. expensive        D. enough

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16. A. pile                     B. bouquest         C. collection        D. chain

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17. A. relatives              B. old                  C. poor                D. church

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18. A. deserves             B. proves             C. sounds            D. matches

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19. A. challenged          B. surprised         C. touched           D. taught

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20. A. sunny                 B. special             C. lucky               D. wonderful

1-5 ABDCA        6-10 DBACD     11-15 BACBD    16-20 BDACD

 

 

 

 

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