Turtles and tortoises have been on planet(星球)Earth even before the dinosaurs(恐龙)．They are much older．The difference between a turtle and a tortoise is that the turtle stays in water while the tortoise stays on land．But both creatures have one thing in common：they have a long life, from 120 years to almost 200 years!

　　Some of them are huge, like the giant tortoises of the Galapagos Islands－they weigh beyond 200 kg; their shells are more than a meter long．The beauty is that they hatch(孵化)from eggs that are not bigger than a hen’s!

　　The manage to live so long because the important parts of their bodies do not become weak with age, as in the case of(就…来说)humans and birds．In fact, they continue to grow very, very slowly for as long as they live．Their body does not need much energy to survive(生存)．They can live for long periods without water or food．

　　Turtles and tortoises face other risks(危险)to their life．After birth, their shells take some months to become hard．Till then, they are an easy prey for birds and fish．The other risk to their life comes from pollution(污染)of their living environment．

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