Being considered a leader in our society is indeed of high praise．Leadership means power,

commands respect and, most important, encourages achievement．Unlike vitamin C, leadership

skills can't be easily swallowed down．They must be carefully cultivated.

       Different from popular belief, most good leaders are made, not born．They learn their skills in their everyday lives．But which do they develop? How do they (and how can you) get others to follow?

       Always give credit．Many leaders note that the most efficient way to get a good performance

from others is to treat them like heroes．Giving public credit to someone who has earned it is the best leadership technique in the world．It is also an act of generosity (慷慨) that's never forgotten.

Giving credit is more effective than even the most constructive criticism (批评) , which often

hurts rather than helps．Kenneth Blanchard, the author of The One-Minute Manager, agrees.

"Catch people doing something right!" he says．Then tell everyone about it.

       Take informed risks．" The best leaders know that taking a risk is not a thoughtless exercise,"

says management adviser Marilyn Machlowitz．"Sky divers don't go up in an airplane without checking the parachutes (降落伞) beforehand．"

       Because the idea of risk also carries with it the possibility of failure, many of us usually wait

for others to take charge．But if you want to be a leader, you must learn to fail - and not die a

thousand deaths．Pick yourself up and start all over again.

       Encourage enthusiasm (热情)．"When people understand the importance of work, they lend

their mental strengths," says Lee Ducat．But when they get excited about the work, all their energy gets poured into the job．That's a great force! Is this the best way to create excitement? Be

enthusiastic your-self - You will be followed by everyone.

60．The underlined word "cultivated" (paragraph 1) roughly means _______.

       A．encouraged          B．compared            C．examined             D．developed
61．The part Always give credit tells us that a leader should _______.

       A．give helpful criticism

       B．regard others as real heroes

       C．praise people for their good performances                             

       D．praise everyone

62．To be a good leader, you should _______.

       A．not be afraid of any risks

       B．think twice before taking risks

       C．try to avoid any possible failures

       D．know what a thoughtless exercise is
63．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?

       A．Leadership Is of Skills and Techniques

       B．Leadership Is Very Important

       C．Not Many Can Be Leaders

       D．How to Be a Leader

This problem can be easily worked out ________.

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This problem can be easily worked out ________.

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Do you want to improve the way you study? Do you feel nervous before a test? Many students say that a lack of concentration (注意力) is their biggest problem. It seriously affects their ability to study, so do their test results.
If so, use these tips to help you.
Study Techniques
l You should always study in the same place. You shouldn’t sit in a position that you use for another purpose. For example, when you sit on a sofa to study, your brain will think it is time to relax. Don’t watch TV while you are studying. Experts warn that your concentration may be reduced by 50 percent if you attempt to study in this way. Always try to have a white wall in front of you, so there is nothing to distract (make less concentrated) you. Before sitting down to study, gather together all the equipment you need. Apart from your textbooks, pens, pencils and knives, make sure you have a dictionary. If your study desk or table is needed when you are not studying, store all your equipment in a box beside it.
l Your eyes will become tired if you try to read a text which is on a flat surface. Position your book at an angle of 30 degrees.
l Be realistic and don’t try to complete too much in one study period. Finish one thing before beginning another. If you need a break, get up and walk around for a few minutes, but try not to telephone a friend or have something to eat.
Test-taking Skills
l All your hard work will be for nothing if you are too nervous to take your test. Getting plenty of
rest is very important. This means do not study all night before your test! It is a better idea to have a long-term study plan. Try to make a timetable for your study which lasts for a few months.
l Exercise is a great way to reduce pressure. Doing some form of exercise every day will also
improve your concentration. Eat healthy food too.
l When you arrive in the examination room, find your seat and sit down. Breathe slowly and
deeply. Check the time on the clock during the test, but not too often. Above all, take no notice of everyone else and give the test paper your undivided attention.
【小题1】Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?