阅读理解

阅读下列短文，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　Most episodes (情形) of absent - mindedness - forgetting where you left something or wondering why you just entered a roomare caused by a simple lack of attention, says Schacter. “You're supposed to remember something, but you haven't encoded(编码) it deeply.”

　　Encoding, Schacter explains, is a special way of paying attention to an event that has a major impact on recalling it later. Failure to encode properly can create annoying situations. If you put your mobile phone in a pocket, for example, and don't pay attention to what you did because you're involved in a conversation, you'll probably forget that the phone is in the jacket now hanging in your wardrobe(衣柜). “Your memory itself isn't failing you,” says Schacter. “rather, you didn't give your memory system the information it needed.”

　　Lack of interest can also lead to absent - mindedness. “A man who can recite sports statistics from 30 years ago,”says Zelinski, “may not remember to drop a letter in the mailbox.”Women have slightly better memories than men, possibly because they pay more attention to their environment, and memory relies on just that.

　　Visual cues can help prevent absent - mindedness, says Schacter. “But be sure the cue is clear and available,” he cautions. If you want to remember to take a medication (药物) with lunch, put the pill bottle on the kitchen table - don't leave it in the medicine chest and write yourself a note that you keep in a pocket.

　　Another common episode of absent - mindedness: walking into a room and wondering why you're there. Most likely, you were thinking about something else. “Everyone does this from time to time,” says Zelinski. The best thing to do is to return to where you were before entering the room, and you'll likely remember.

1．Why does the author think that encoding properly is very important?

[　　]

A．It expands our memory capacity considerably.

B．It helps us understand our memory system better.

C．It slows down the process of losing our memory.

D．It enables us to recall something from our memory

2．One possible reason why women have better memories than men is that ________.

[　　]

A．they are more interested in what's happening arround them

B．they have an unusual power of focusing their attention

C．they are more trusting on the environment.

D．they have a wider range of interests

3．What do we learn from the last paragraph?

[　　]

A．Repetition helps improve our memory.

B．Memory depends to a certain degree on the environment.

C．If we fix our attention on one thing, we might forget another.

D．If we keep forgetting things, we'd better return to where we were.

4．What is the passage mainly about?

[　　]

A．The causes of absent - mindedness.

B．A way of encoding and recalling.

C．The process of gradual memory loss.

D．The impact of the environment on memory.

“Most experiences of absent-mindedness ,forgetting where you left something or wondering why you just entered a room , are caused by a simple lack of attention, ” says Schacter. “You’re supposed to remember something, but you haven’t encoded（编码） it deeply.”
　Encoding, Schacter explains, is a special way of paying attention to an event that has a major impression on recalling it later. Failure to encode properly can create troublesome situations. If you　put your mobile phone in a pocket, for example, and don’t pay attention to what you did because you’re involved in a conversation, you’ll probably forget that the phone is in the jacket now hanging in your cupboard. “ Your memory itself isn’t failing you, ” says Schacter, “Rather, you didn’t give your memory system the information it needed.”  http://wx.jtyjy.com/
　Lack of interest can also lead to absent -mindedness. “A man who can recite sports statistics from 30 years ago, ” says Zelinski, “ may not remember to drop a letter in the mailbox.”Women have slightly better memories than men, possibly because they pay more attention to their environment, and memory depends on just that.
　　“Visual cues（ 视觉提示 ）can help prevent absent--mindedness, ”says Schacter, “But be sure the cue is clear and available. ”If you want to remember to take a medicine with lunch, put the pill bottle on the kitchen table—don’t leave it in the medicine box and write yourself a note that you keep in a pocket.
　　Another common experience of absent - mindedness: walking into a room and wondering why you’re there. Most likely, you were thinking about something else. “Everyone does this from time to time, ”says Zelinski. “The best thing to do is to return to where you were before entering the room, and you’ll likely remember.”
【小题1】The writer of the passage thinks that encoding properly is very important because ________.

A．it enables us to recall something from our memory

B．it slows down the process of losing our memory

C．it helps us understand our memory system better

D．it helps us to get back to where we were

【小题2】One possible reason why women have a little better memories than men is that________.

A．they rely more on the environment

B．they have a wider range of interests

C．they have an unusual power of focusing their attention

D．they are more interested in what’s happening around them

【小题3】Why can a note in the pocket hardly serve as a reminder? ________.

A．It will easily get lost

B．It is out of your sight

C．It’s not clear enough for you to read

D．It might get mixed up with other things

【小题4】From the last paragraph we can learn that________.

A．repetition might help improve our memory

B．memory depends to a certain extent on the environment

C．we’d better return to where we were if we forget things

D．we should think about something else while doing one thing

【小题5】The passage is mainly about ________.

A．the memory system of persons

B．a way of encoding and recalling

C．the causes of absent-mindedness

D．the impression of the environment on memory

“Most experiences of absent-mindedness ,forgetting where you left something or wondering why you just entered a room , are caused by a simple lack of attention, ” says Schacter. “You’re supposed to remember something, but you haven’t encoded（编码） it deeply.”

　Encoding, Schacter explains, is a special way of paying attention to an event that has a major impression on recalling it later. Failure to encode properly can create troublesome situations. If you　put your mobile phone in a pocket, for example, and don’t pay attention to what you did because you’re involved in a conversation, you’ll probably forget that the phone is in the jacket now hanging in your cupboard.  “Your memory itself isn’t failing you, ” says Schacter, “Rather, you didn’t give your memory system the information it needed.”  http://wx.jtyjy.com/

　Lack of interest can also lead to absent -mindedness. “A man who can recite sports statistics from 30 years ago, ” says Zelinski, “ may not remember to drop a letter in the mailbox.”Women have slightly better memories than men, possibly because they pay more attention to their environment, and memory depends on just that.

　　“Visual cues（ 视觉提示 ）can help prevent absent--mindedness, ”says Schacter, “But be sure the cue is clear and available. ”If you want to remember to take a medicine with lunch, put the pill bottle on the kitchen table—don’t leave it in the medicine box and write yourself a note that you keep in a pocket.

　　Another common experience of absent - mindedness: walking into a room and wondering why you’re there. Most likely, you were thinking about something else. “Everyone does this from time to time, ”says Zelinski. “The best thing to do is to return to where you were before entering the room, and you’ll likely remember.”

1.The writer of the passage thinks that encoding properly is very important because ________.

　　A. it enables us to recall something from our memory

　　B. it slows down the process of losing our memory

　　C. it helps us understand our memory system better

　　D. it helps us to get back to where we were

2.One possible reason why women have a little better memories than men is that________.

　　A. they rely more on the environment

　　B. they have a wider range of interests

　　C. they have an unusual power of focusing their attention

　　D. they are more interested in what’s happening around them

3.Why can a note in the pocket hardly serve as a reminder? ________.

　　A. It will easily get lost

　　B. It is out of your sight

　　C. It’s not clear enough for you to read

　　D. It might get mixed up with other things

4.From the last paragraph we can learn that________.

　　A. repetition might help improve our memory

　　B. memory depends to a certain extent on the environment

　　C. we’d better return to where we were if we forget things

　　D. we should think about something else while doing one thing

5.The passage is mainly about ________.

　　A. the memory system of persons

　　B. a way of encoding and recalling

　　C. the causes of absent-mindedness

　　D. the impression of the environment on memory