It looks a bit like the coolers used to keep drinks fresh on asunny day but the cool box being tested in hot Mozambique serves a higher purpose –saving lives from malaria(疟疾).

The new cool box is intended to keep malaria medicines at 25 degrees Celsius(77 degrees Fahrenheir) or below in poor rural areas without electricity where the temperature can reach 45 degrees Celsius.

“At the beginning, the cool boxes will be used to store malarial drugs,” said Parfair Komlan Edah, advisor to John Snow Incorporated, a US company developing the coolers.

“We will change the treatment pattern and procedure because the drugs are expensive and they have to be well stored to be effective,” he said.

The projuct, funded by the US Agency for International Development , started in 2006 and is still at an expermental stage. The coolers are currently being tested in three regions of Mozambique –Maputo, Tete and Zambezia.

The tests will determine whether the coolers are adopted for use nationwide.

In Mozambique , malaria is the leading cause of death among children admitted to pediatric(儿科的) services and there has been an increase in cases of malaira in recent years.

Faced with the sudden increase in malaira, Mozambique’s health ministry last year decided to expand the use fo rapid diagnostic tests for the disease that can give a result within minutes.

The only trouble was that diagnostic tests have to be stored at the temperature of 25 degrees Celsius or below and are currently only available in provincial hospitals that have refrigeration facilities.

“The project was faced with the dilemma(进退两难的处境) of how to ensure quality products despite the hot, humid weather and lack of electricity common in remote health facilities,” Edah said.

The solution was to design”evaporative(蒸发的) coolers”—similar in size to a small refrigerator. The coolers have a water tank at the top that is regularly refilled. When water evaporates from the tank it passes aong wicks that stick out of the cooler, keeping the content s of the box cool/

In a message on World Malaria Day, the World Health Organization(WHO) stresed the importance of national malaira programmes.

Nelson Nkini, head of Proserv, a Mozambican non-governmental group supplying mosquito nets treated with anti-malarial substances, said preventing the disease was cheaper than curing it because of the cost of medicines.

60. If the cool boxes are used,_________.

A. medicines can be stored at any degree Celsius

B. malaria will disapear in Mozambique

C. malaria medicines will be used more effectively

D. the temperature will become lower in Mozambique

61. The situation in Mozambique is that__________.

A. the official department doesn’t know what mianly causes children’s death

B. the project funded by the US Agency for International Development is fighting against malaria.

C. the use of rapid diagnostic tests for malaria is being expanded inth whold country

D. diagnostic tests can be currently available in most rural hospitals.

62. Which can be the best title for the passage?

A. A project in Mozambique

B. Fighting against malaria

C. Preventing the spread of malaria

D. Super cooler gives hope for malaria victims

It looks a bit like the coolers used to keep drinks fresh on asunny day but the cool box being tested in hot Mozambique serves a higher purpose –saving lives from malaria(疟疾).
The new cool box is intended to keep malaria medicines at 25 degrees Celsius(77 degrees Fahrenheir) or below in poor rural areas without electricity where the temperature can reach 45 degrees Celsius.
“At the beginning, the cool boxes will be used to store malarial drugs,” said Parfair Komlan Edah, advisor to John Snow Incorporated, a US company developing the coolers.
“We will change the treatment pattern and procedure because the drugs are expensive and they have to be well stored to be effective,” he said.
The projuct, funded by the US Agency for International Development , started in 2006 and is still at an expermental stage. The coolers are currently being tested in three regions of Mozambique –Maputo, Tete and Zambezia.
The tests will determine whether the coolers are adopted for use nationwide.
In Mozambique , malaria is the leading cause of death among children admitted to pediatric(儿科的) services and there has been an increase in cases of malaira in recent years.
Faced with the sudden increase in malaira, Mozambique’s health ministry last year decided to expand the use fo rapid diagnostic tests for the disease that can give a result within minutes.
The only trouble was that diagnostic tests have to be stored at the temperature of 25 degrees Celsius or below and are currently only available in provincial hospitals that have refrigeration facilities.
“The project was faced with the dilemma(进退两难的处境) of how to ensure quality products despite the hot, humid weather and lack of electricity common in remote health facilities,” Edah said.
The solution was to design”evaporative(蒸发的) coolers”—similar in size to a small refrigerator. The coolers have a water tank at the top that is regularly refilled. When water evaporates from the tank it passes aong wicks that stick out of the cooler, keeping the content s of the box cool/
In a message on World Malaria Day, the World Health Organization(WHO) stresed the importance of national malaira programmes.
Nelson Nkini, head of Proserv, a Mozambican non-governmental group supplying mosquito nets treated with anti-malarial substances, said preventing the disease was cheaper than curing it because of the cost of medicines.

1. 1.

   If the cool boxes are used,_________.

   1. A.
      medicines can be stored at any degree Celsius
   2. B.
      malaria will disapear in Mozambique
   3. C.
      malaria medicines will be used more effectively
   4. D.
      the temperature will become lower in Mozambique
2. 2.

   The situation in Mozambique is that__________.

   1. A.
      the official department doesn’t know what mianly causes children’s death
   2. B.
      the project funded by the US Agency for International Development is fighting against malaria.
   3. C.
      the use of rapid diagnostic tests for malaria is being expanded inth whold country
   4. D.
      diagnostic tests can be currently available in most rural hospitals.
3. 3.

   Which can be the best title for the passage?

   1. A.
      A project in Mozambique
   2. B.
      Fighting against malaria
   3. C.
      Preventing the spread of malaria
   4. D.
      Super cooler gives hope for malaria victims

I clearly remember my mom telling me to drink milk every day—one glass in the morning and another at night. I also remember loving it while my sister thought quite the opposite—she would surreptitiously pour her milk into the sink or water the plants with it! I guess I should thank my mom for making us drink a lot of milk, so rich in calcium(钙), during those important years.
Today, calcium shortage is one of the main concerns of women in their 30s or even early 20s. The great fear is that when we reach our 50s or 60s, osteoprosis(骨质疏松症)will set in. That is why you can see a lot of advertisements for products supposedly containing a lot of calcium.
Because calcium is not that easy to acquire from the food we normally eat, busy women these days should take calcium supplements(补充物). There are a lot of different forms of these---calcium carbonate(碳酸钙)，oyster(牡蛎)shell or bone-meal-based calcium supplements.
You have to be careful when choosing which kind to take. This is because calcium is not easily absorbed by the body. So the fact that you are taking supplements doesn’t mean that the body is actually benefiting from them. Different supplements may have different instructions on dosage(剂量)and manner of intake. You can ask your doctor to help you determine which supplement is the best for your needs.
【小题1】From what the author’s mother did we may infer that___________________.

Why are we addicted to upgrades? According to Donald Norman, American author of the book The Design of Everyday Things, “planned obsolescence”（计划性报废） is the trick behind the upgrading culture of today’s consumer electronics industry.
The New York Times cited Norman last month, saying that electronics manufactures strategically release new upgrades periodically, both for hardware and software, so that customers on every level feel the need to buy the newest version.
“This is an old-time trick– they’re not inventing anything new,” he said.
Thomas Wensma, a Dutch designer, despises the “planned obsolescence” of companies, as recently reported by UK-based The Guardian.
Wensma said this is a wasteful system through which companies – many of them producing personal electronics – release shoddy products simply because “they know that, in six months or a year, they’ll put out a new one”.
But the new psychology of consumers is part of this system, as Wensma said to the newspaper: “We now want something new, something pretty, the next shiny thing.”
____________________
“It’s to the damage of the consumer and the environment,” as the New York Times quoted Norman. “But perhaps to the betterment of the stockholder.”
In its most recent fiscal(财务的) year, Apple’s profit margin was more than 21 percent, reported the Los Angeles Times. At Hewlett-Packard, the world’s biggest PC manufacturer, it was only 7 percent.
“Steven Jobs pushed the principle of ‘planned obsolescence’ to new heights,” the newspaper commented on the company’s profits and marketing strategy. “Apple’s annual upgrades of its products generate sales of millions of units as owners of one year’s MacBook or iPhone line up to buy the newest version, even when the changes are incremental.”
Peer pressure
As to Li Jijia, the need for upgrading his smart phone comes mainly from friends and classmates. When the majority of friends are switching to the latest devices, he worries about feeling left out.
“Some apps and games require better hardware to run,” said Li. “If you don’t join in, you lose part of the connection to your friends.”
【小题1】Donald Norman believes that electronics makers strategically release new upgrades periodically because __________.