In recent years many countries of the world have been faced with the problem of how to make their workers more productive. Some experts claim the answer is to make jobs more varied. But do more various jobs lead to greater productivity? There are facts to suggest that while variety certainly makes the worker's life more enjoyable, it does not actually make him work harder. As far as increasing productivity is concerned, then variety is not an important factor.

Other experts feel that giving the worker freedom to do his job in his own way is important, and there is no doubt that this is true. The problem is that this kind of freedom cannot easily be given in the modern factory with its complicated machinery that must be used in a fixed way. Thus while freedom of choice may be important, there is usually very little that can be done to create it.

Another very important consideration is how each worker contributes to the product he is making. In most factories the worker sees only one part of the product. Some car factories are now experimenting with having many small production lines rather than one large one, so that each worker contributes more to the production of the cars on his line. It would seem that not only is degree of the worker’s contribution an important factor, therefore, but it is also one we can do something about.

To what degree does more money lead to greater productivity? The workers themselves certainly think this is important. Maybe they want more money only because the work they do is boring. Money just lets them enjoy their spare time more. A similar argument may explain demands for shorter working hours. Perhaps if we succeed in making their jobs more interesting, they will neither want more money, nor will shorter working hours be so important to them.

Which of the following is the best way to make workers work harder according to the author?

A．Increasing their pay.

B．Giving them more spare time.

C．Making the work itself meaningful.

D．Replacing large production lines with small ones.

The reason why a worker cannot have freedom in doing the job in his own way is that ___  .

A．the machine is so badly needed that more of it should be bought

B．there are e production lines in factories

C．the bosses can create very little freedom of choices

D．the machines must be operated strictly according to instructions and rules

Besides money, what may make workers work more actively?

A. extra free hours     B. More comfort of life

C. interesting jobs      D. better working conditions

The best title for this passage may be _______.

A．Problems of Modern Workers            B．Making Jobs More Interesting

C．Pushing Workers to Produce More        D．How to Improve Labor Productivity

1．Exercise and good food are of great importance to the proper          (生长)of a child.

2．The broken bike was found                (遗弃)by the riverside.

3．The children played             (户外) until it started to rain.

4．It took us an                   (整个的) week to finish painting the house.

5．The chairman was quite familiar with the            (程序) for conducting a meeting.

6．Pupils who pass the exam will be               (提升) to the next higher grader.

7．To our d         , our football team won.

8．There are e             that somebody has been living there.

9．Whoever meets the little boy thinks that he r             his sister in appearance.

10．People who work in the library spend a lot of time c           books.

阅读下列材料，从所给的六个选项(A、B、C、D、E和F)中，选出符合各小题要求的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有一项是多余选项。

_____ 1. Miss Wang is now working in a joint venture (合资企业) as a business woman. Her major work is to contact the foreign businessmen through emails, calls and letters. She has no trouble communicating with the English-speaking people face to face. However, when it comes to business writing, she is not sure about the grammar and the form.

_____ 2.Mr. Zhang taught himself English. Three months ago, when he was required to work as a sales representative in Britain, he had trouble in communicating with his English customers. The problem is with his pronunciation and intonation (语调). He wants to find some websites offering spoken English teaching with correct pronunciation and ideal sound effects.

 ____3.Ms. Wilson is now teaching English in China. She has found that the major problem with her students’ reading comprehension lies with their limited vocabulary. However, memorizing a list of 10-20 new words every day is a boring task for the students. She wants to find some games from the internet, so that her students may have interest in learning and using the words.

_____ 4. Li Yue is not interested in reciting English texts. He says it is boring. He is more interested in practicing his newly learned English expressions in classroom activities. But when he is at home on holiday, he has no one to talk to in English. His mother suggests him looking for interactive websites from the Internet.

_____ 5.Zhang Ming is going for his undergraduate study in America. His friend has rented a room for him from an old American couple. This is his first time to go abroad and stay with the natives. To get along well with them, Zhang Ming is eager to learn English idioms and everyday topics. So, he searches the Internet for some useful websites.

ELT Website Review

A

☆http: // www. putclub.com

   PUT stands for postgraduate plus undergraduate plus teachers. It provides various listening materials for students of English at different levels, including news and articles for academic purposes. It also has some instruction on how to improve listening skill. There is also a forum (论坛) for you to share your English learning experiences with other.

B

☆http: // www. oup. Com / elt / products / students/

This site offers interactive games and exercises to help learners practice English in an entertaining way. Resources are organized at various levels and cover all the four basic skills. The exercises include three levels: primary, secondary and adult. You can choose an exercise of your own level.

C

☆http: // www. focusenglish. com / dia / co. html

Do you sometimes get upset when you’re unable to express yourself clearly? This website focuses on idiomatic and everyday expressions that can help learners deal with daily conversational situations. Each dialogue is accompanied by carefully designed exercises so you can follow the steps and practice at your own pace. From this you will know how native express things.

D

☆http: // writing. englishclub. com / s-talk / htm

You can find tips on how to start writing memos (备忘录), to send emails or to write business reports for your company. There are exercises at different levels and in different forms. If you register (注册) as our member, send us your writings. Our language experts will emails you in reply and offer free instructions within seven working days.

E

☆http: // esl. About. com / cs / pronu / a / astress. htm

 English is considered a stressed language. This means we stress certain words while other words are quickly spoken. When you speak English, the words you stress can change meaning in a sentence. This website provides examples and exercises to help you improve your pronunciation through correct word stress.

F

☆http: // www. vocabulary. Com

  This vocabulary puzzle and activities site helps you learn vocabulary in an interesting and innovation (有创意的) way. The activities come at 3 levels of difficulty, with 20 thematic topics on various subjects such as Wizards, Elections, Holidays, Character Education, Science Shakespeare, and Fitness.

 

 

       ①It’s “laughably absurd” on one blog and a “magical revolution” on another．Bloggers are talking about the same device—the Apple iPad, which hit store shelves last week．

       ②Tech-heads hate the iPad because it has many functions—you can e-mail, browse the Web, read books—but it has no specialty．There are other devices on the market that do all its functions faster, cheaper and more efficiently．Get a Blackberry to scan e-mails or any old laptop to access the Internet．

       ③This first version of the iPad lacks many basic features．Tech-heads dislike the device not because of what it offers, but because of what it doesn’t offer．It doesn’t have Flash, and it doesn’t have a camera．It can’t access many of the world’s mobile applications, and it has a very restricted apple store．Based on purely technological grounds, the iPad is said to lack more than it gives．

       ④But if you are not a crazy tech-head, and you love the iPod and iPhone, “this device is for you,” said Steve Jobs, Apple’s CEO．The iPad will take online activities truly mobile．It will allow you to read the news in bed, check a recipe in a busy kitchen or view a large-scale Google map．

       ⑤Perhaps most important to the masses, it is a traditional computer without trouble．There are wireless, but it’s totally mobile．You press a button and it comes on in seconds．To add a program, you just download it from the Internet．Since almost everyone uses a computer in the office or at school, the need for the traditional desktop model at home is disappearing．Slate Magazine’s Farhad Manjoo calls the iPad the perfect alternative to the home computer system．

       ⑥But no matter how you feel about the iPad, as a tech-head or an everyman, there’s no arguing with its appeal．Love it or hate it, the iPad sold over 600,000 units on its opening weekend, surpassing the iPhone’s record sales in 2007．

1．What can be the best title for the text?

       A．Loving and hating the iPad      B．An exciting invention

       C．A home computer substitute        D．The iPad—a wise choice

2．According to the text, which of the following is Not true of the iPad?

       A．It can access the Internet．          B．It is wireless but portable．

       C．It can play any online video．       D．It can help you scan e-mail．

3．Which of the following best shows the structure of the text?

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4．Farhad Manjoo’s attitude towards the iPad might be that of ______．

       A．doubt      B．unconcern       C．sympathy      D．support

5．Tech-heads dislike the iPad because of ______．

       A．its after-sale services               B．its high price

       C．its function shortages   D．its slow speed

 

E

As Americans’ health and fitness levels continue to decline, many of those in the worst shape are afraid to go to a “regular” gym to improve their poor health. They somehow feel embarrassed and don’t know how to begin. For these individuals, boutique gyms that specialize in particular parts of population may be good choices. These special gyms provide a more personal setting tor those returning to a healthy lifestyle or starting a fitness program for the first time. Personal training and individualized attention are key features of these new kinds of gyms.

Bulldog Fitness, a gym for kids only, is using the latest trend in video games that provide a workout to engage their young members. Playstation2 Game Bikes, the Treadwall (a rock climbing wall that moves with you), and DDR Dance Machines are customers’ favorites.

Meanwhile, Irene Pastore of Senior Fit in New York city shows that “age is no excuse for ill-health.” Her boutique gym focuses on the health risks associated with sedentary living. Personal training programs are designed specifically for seniors depending on their special needs.

“We feel that people that need the most guidance often don’t know where to turn. If America is going to change its current health decline, the public and healthcare industry needs to pay more attention to the unique needs of customers,” says Dr. Sal Arria, CEO and founder of the International Sports Science Association(IS-SA). Dr. Arria claims that those returning to a fitness state should make certain that they choose a trainer who holds a specialized certification that qualifies them to work with their individual area of need.

71．Why are Americans in the worst shape afraid to go to gym？

A．Because they are afraid of the price.

B．Because there are no boutique gyms foe them.

C．Because they are uncertain of the results.

D．Because they are uncertain about how to start.

72．Boutique gyms feature ___________ .

A．flexible schedules and remarkable results

B．keeping customers in good shape

C．building customers’ confidence for the first time

D．personal training and individualized attention

73．Bulldog Fitness has all of the programs listed below EXCEPT________．

A．Nintendo Fly-fishing                    B．the Treadwall

C．DDR Dance Machine                   D．Playstation2 Game Bikes

74．_____________is a good gym for seniors.

A．Regular gym                           B．Boutique gym

C．Bulldog Fitness                         D．Senior Fit

75. Dr. Arria states that those returning to a health lifestyle should_________．

A．know where to get guidance

B．get health guidance from the public and healthcare industry

C．focus more attention on certifying personal trainers

D．choose a qualified trainer with specialized certification