A recent study offers a picture of how dangerous it is to get a lift from a teenage driver. Indeed, a 16-year-old driver with three or more passengers is three times as likely to have a fatal accident as a teenager driving alone. However, the possibility of death for drivers between 30 and 59 decreases with each additional passenger.

It was also found that the death rates for teenage drivers increased greatly after10 p.m , and especially after midnight. With passengers in the car, the driver was even more likely to die in a late night accident.

Robert Foss, a scientist at the University of North Carolina Highway Safety Research Center, says the higher death rates for teenage drivers have less to do with "really stupid behavior" than with just a lack of driving experience. Both he and the author of the study believe that the way to help solve the problem is to have states setting up so-called graduated licensing systems (等级执照制). A graduated license requires that a teenager first prove himself able to drive in the presence of an adult, fol­lowed by a period of driving with a limited number of passengers, before graduating to full driving on his own. About half of the states now have some sort of graduated licensing system in place. The systems have reduced teenage driver crashes, according to recent studies.

1．Which of the following situations is most dangerous according to the passage?

    A．Adults giving a lift to teenagers on the highway after 10 p.m.

    B．A teenager driving after midnight with passengers in the car.

    C．Adults driving with three or more teenage passengers late at night.

    D．A teenager getting a lift from a stranger on the highway at midnight.

2．According to Robert Foss, the high death rate of teenage drivers is mainly due to _______.

    A．their frequent driving at night             B．their improper way of driving

    C．their lack of driving experience           D．their driving with passengers

3．A suggested measure to be taken to reduce teenagers' driving accidents is that ________.

    A．driving in the presence of an adult should be made a rule .

    B．they should be stopped from taking on passengers

    C．they should not be allowed to drive after 10 p. m.

    D．the licensing system should be improved

4．The present situation in about half of the states is that the graduated licensing sys­tem

_________.

    A．is under discussion                 B．is about to be set up

       C．has been put into effect             D．has been perfected

A recent study, published in last week’s Journal of the American Medical Association, offers a picture of how risky it is to get a life from a teenage driver. Indeed, a 16-year-old driver with three or more passengers is three times as likely to have a fatal（致命的）accident as a teenager driving alone. By contrast（相比之下）, the risk of death for drivers between 30 and 59 decreases with each additional passenger.

The author also found that the death rates for teenage drivers increased dramatically after 10 p.m., and especially after midnight, with passengers in the car, the driver was even more likely to die in a late-night accident.

Robert Foss, a scientist at the University of North Carolina Highway Safety Research Center, says the higher death rates for teenage drivers have less to do with “really stupid behavior” than with just a lack of driving experience. “The basic issue.” he says, “is that adults who are responsible for issuing licenses fail to recognize how complex and skilled a task driving is.”

Both he and the author of the study believe that the way to mitigate (使……缓解)the problem is to have states institute（规定）so-called graduated（分档次）licensing systems, in which getting a license is a multistage（多阶段）process. A graduated license requires that a teenager first prove himself capable of driving in the presence of an adult, followed by a period of driving with night of passenger restrictions, before graduating to full driving privileges.

Graduated licensing systems have reduced teenage driver crashes, according to recent studies, About half of the states now have some sort of graduated licensing system in place, but only 10 of those states have restrictions on passengers, California is the strictest, with a novice(新手)driver prohibited from carrying any passenger under 20(without the presence of an adult over 25)for the first six months.

1．Which of the following situations is most dangerous according to the passage?

A．Adults giving a lift to teenagers on the highway after 10 p.m.

B．A teenager driving after midnight with passengers in the car.

C．Adults driving with three or more teenage passengers late at night.

D．A teenager getting a lift from a stranger on the highway at midnight.

2．According to Paragraph 3. which of the following statements is TRUE?

A．Teenagers should spend more time learning to drive.

B． Driving is a skill too complicated for teenagers to learn.

C．Restrictions should be imposed on teenagers applying to take driving lessons.

D．The licensing authorities are partly responsible for teenagers’ driving accidents.

3．A suggested measure to be taken to reduce teenagers’ driving accidents is that          .

A．driving in the presence of an adult should be made a rule

B．they should be prohibited from taking on passengers

C．they should not be allowed to drive after 10 p.m.

D．the licensing system should be improved

4．A graduated license is issued to a driver who               .

       A．is at least a middle school graduate

       B．has learned driving at a driving school

       C．gains full driving rights step by step

       D．had a driving experience long enough

A recent study, which was published in last week’s Journal of the American Medical Association, offers a picture of how dangerous it is to get a lift from a teenage driver. Indeed, a 16-year-old driver with three or more passengers has three times the possibility of a serious accident, compared with a teenager driving alone.
The authors also found that the death rates for teenage drivers increased greatly after 10 p.m., and especially after midnight. With passengers in the car, the driver was even more likely to die in a late-night accident.
Robert Foss, a scientist at the University of North Carolina Highway Safety Research Center, says the higher death rates for teenage drivers have less to do with “really stupid behavior” than with just a lack of driving experience. “The basic issue is that adults who are responsible for giving out licenses fail to recognize how complex and skilled driving is.” he says.
Both he and the author of the study believe that the way to mitigate (使缓解) the problem is to have states set up so-called graduated licensing systems, in which getting a license is a process with several stages. A graduated license requires that a teenager first prove himself able to drive in the presence(在场)of an adult, followed by a period of driving with night of passenger restrictions (限制) before graduating to full driving rights.
Graduated licensing systems have reduced teenage driver crashes, according to recent studies.
【小题1】Which of the following situations is most dangerous according to the passage?

A．Adults giving a lift to teenagers on the highway after 10 p.m.

B．Adults driving with three or more teenage passengers late at night.

C．A teenager driving after midnight with passengers in the car.

D．A teenager getting a lift from a stranger on the highway at midnight.

【小题2】According to Robert Foss, the high death rate of teenage drivers is mainly due to _______.

A．their frequent driving at night	B．their lack of driving experience
C．their wrong way of driving	D．their driving with passengers

【小题3】According to Paragraph 3, which of the following statements is TRUE?

A．Teenagers should spend more time learning to drive.

B．Driving is a skill too complex for teenagers to learn.

C．Restrictions should be forced on teenagers demanding to take driving licenses.

D．The licensing department is partly responsible for teenagers’ driving accidents.

【小题4】A suggested measure to be taken to reduce teenagers’ driving accidents is that ______.

A．driving in the presence of an adult should be made a rule

B．they should be forbidden to take on passengers

C．they should not be allowed to drive after 10 pm

D．the licensing system should be improved