The prizes are awarded by the Nobel foundation for outstanding achievements or contributions in five areas. A prize is given in chemistry, physics, medicine or physiology, literature and peace. Each prize has three parts. The first part is a gold medal. Second, a winner of a Nobel Prize is given a diploma saying that he has been awarded the prize. The third part of the prize is a large amount of money.

    Often a prize is awarded to just one person, but not always. Sometimes a prize is shared. It may be awarded to two or more people who have worked together to reach a goal. Since the Nobel Prizes are international prizes, scientists, inventors, writers, and diplomats from all countries may receive a prize. Sometimes, two people from countries with different political views may even share a prize. An example of this is the 1973 Peace Prize, which was awarded to Henry Kissinger of the United States and to Le Due Tho of North Vietnam for the Vietnam peace negotiations. It is also sometimes true that a prize is not given. If there is not outstanding achievement in one of the five areas, no prize is given in that area. In 1972, for example, no Nobel peace prize was given.

    Someone must decide whether or not to give an award. The process of nominating and choosing Nobel Prize winners have two parts. First, nominations, or recommendations, of people who might deserve a Nobel Prize, are made. The nominations in physics and chemistry are made by the Royal Academy of Science in Stockholm. The nominations in medicine or physiology are made by the Caroline Medical Institute, which is also in Stockholm. The Swedish Academy, along with the French and Spanish Academies, makes nominations in literature. The peace prize nominations are made by a committee of the Norwegian government. Many nominations are made in each area. Nominations from these groups begin the process of choosing the Nobel Prize winners.

    The second part of the process of choosing Nobel Prize winners is to decide which of the nominees deserves the award in each area. This decision is made by the Nobel Foundation in Stockholm. The Foundation may decide to give the awards to an individual or to several people in each area. Or the Foundation may decide not to give a prize at all in any area.

    1. A Nobel Prize is given in the form of ________.

    A. a large sum of money

    B. a diploma and a gold medal

    C. a large amount of money together with a gold medal and a diploma

    D. a prize certificate

    2. The 1973 Peace Prize was awarded to ________.

    A. two persons　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  B. Henry Kissinger

    C. Le Due Tho　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  D. two individuals from different countries

    3. Sometimes no prize is awarded when ________.

    A. there is no remarkable achievement in that area

    B. there is no suitable nomination

    C. there is a war

    D. there is financial shortage

    4. The decision of literature prize winner is made by ________.

    A. the Swedish Academy and the French and Spanish Academies

    B. the Nobel Foundation

    C. a committee for the Norwegian government

D. the Royal Academy of Science in Stockholm

 

The prizes are awarded by the Nobel foundation for outstanding achievements or contributions in five areas. A prize is given in chemistry, physics, medicine or physiology, literature and peace. Each prize has three parts. The first part is a gold medal. Second, a winner of a Nobel Prize is given a diploma saying that he has been awarded the prize. The third part of the prize is a large amount of money.

    Often a prize is awarded to just one person, but not always. Sometimes a prize is shared. It may be awarded to two or more people who have worked together to reach a goal. Since the Nobel Prizes are international prizes, scientists, inventors, writers, and diplomats from all countries may receive a prize. Sometimes, two people from countries with different political views may even share a prize. An example of this is the 1973 Peace Prize, which was awarded to Henry Kissinger of the United States and to Le Due Tho of North Vietnam for the Vietnam peace negotiations. It is also sometimes true that a prize is not given. If there is not outstanding achievement in one of the five areas, no prize is given in that area. In 1972, for example, no Nobel peace prize was given.

    Someone must decide whether or not to give an award. The process of nominating and choosing Nobel Prize winners have two parts. First, nominations, or recommendations, of people who might deserve a Nobel Prize, are made. The nominations in physics and chemistry are made by the Royal Academy of Science in Stockholm. The nominations in medicine or physiology are made by the Caroline Medical Institute, which is also in Stockholm. The Swedish Academy, along with the French and Spanish Academies, makes nominations in literature. The peace prize nominations are made by a committee of the Norwegian government. Many nominations are made in each area. Nominations from these groups begin the process of choosing the Nobel Prize winners.

    The second part of the process of choosing Nobel Prize winners is to decide which of the nominees deserves the award in each area. This decision is made by the Nobel Foundation in Stockholm. The Foundation may decide to give the awards to an individual or to several people in each area. Or the Foundation may decide not to give a prize at all in any area.

    1. A Nobel Prize is given in the form of ________.

    A. a large sum of money

    B. a diploma and a gold medal

    C. a large amount of money together with a gold medal and a diploma

    D. a prize certificate

    2. The 1973 Peace Prize was awarded to ________.

    A. two persons　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  B. Henry Kissinger

    C. Le Due Tho　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  D. two individuals from different countries

    3. Sometimes no prize is awarded when ________.

    A. there is no remarkable achievement in that area

    B. there is no suitable nomination

    C. there is a war

    D. there is financial shortage

    4. The decision of literature prize winner is made by ________.

    A. the Swedish Academy and the French and Spanish Academies

    B. the Nobel Foundation

    C. a committee for the Norwegian government

D. the Royal Academy of Science in Stockholm

 

Mistrust Mars Zhengzhou Ride-share Effort

More than 300 private car owners from a central Chinese city volunteered to offer free rides to citizens to ease crowded public transportation, but many local people didn't accept the offer for fear of being cheated.

The ride-share program was begun in October in Zhengzhou, capital of Henan Province, when Ye Zhantong, a private car driver, started to gather volunteers to offer the free service. The drivers tied a green silk ribbon (丝带) on the car to differentiate themselves from unlicensed taxi drivers. But the free rides haven't been popular among the public as increasing reports of dishonesty have dried up many local citizens' trust towards strangers.

Ye said some of the volunteers have dropped out after they felt their kind intention was being questioned. Passersby walking in heavy rainfall or passengers who missed a bus would remain silent and walk away when the volunteers would stop and offer a ride.

“It's so common that people give us the cold shoulder, and sometimes, take our kindness as ill will,” said one of Ye's volunteers, identified as Binge. “Many would even say: 'Let's get out of here quickly to avoid being cheated by him.'” Some commenters on Weibo explained why they hesitated to participate in a ride-share program. “Trusting a stranger might bring huge risks. I can't take the risk,” one Internet user wrote.

Some said Ye's group wasn't authorized, and cheaters pretending to be kind drivers might volunteer. They suggested traffic authorities issue rules to regulate, protect and promote ride-share programs.

61. The ride-share cars were driven by _____ drivers.

A. licensed taxi         B. unlicensed taxi          C. private car               D. specially-trained

62. Some of the ride-share car drivers _____ .

A. were forced to join Ye’s group                   B. once behaved dishonestly

C. offered free rides only to acquaintances             D. have left Ye’s group

63. The free rides haven't been popular among the public because _____.

A. people often have enough time to wait         B. some think the drivers are cheaters

C. there are many taxies available                    D. many people choose to save money

64. Which correctly explains the expression “give sb. the cold shoulder”?

A. To be unfriendly to sb. .                                   B. To help sb. unwillingly.

C. To sit silently beside sb. .                          D. To try hard to support sb. .

65. The underlined word “mar” in the title possibly means “ _____”.

A. make sth. work the way it should                     B. make sth. less attractive or enjoyable

C.       help sth. to develop or increase                  D. damage sth. so badly that it no longer exists

We ________ here at lunch time; we were delayed at the airport, though.

A．could be	B．should be
C．must have been	D．would have been

 

He is difficult ________.

A．to get along	B．to be got along with
C．to get along with	D．of getting along with