Business is the organized approach to providing customers with the goods and services they want. The word business also refers to an organization that provides these goods and services. Most business seek to make a profit(利润) - that aim to achieve income that is more than the costs of operating the business.    1.  Commonly called nonprofits, these organizations are primarily nongovernmental service providers.    2.   .

Business management is a term used to describe the techniques of planning, direction, and control of the operations of a business.    3.   One is the establishment (制定)of broad basic policies with respect to production; sales; the purchase of equipment, materials and supplies; and accounting.    4.   The third relates to the establishment of standards of word in all departments. Direction is concerned primarily with supervision(监管)and guidance by the management in authority.    5.

A．Control includes the use of records and reports to compare actual work with the set standards for work.

B．In this connection there is the difference between top management and operative management.

C．Examples of nonprofit business include such organizations as social service agencies and many hospitals.

D．However, some businesses only seek to enough to cover their operating costs

E. The second aspect relates to the application of these policies by departments.

F. In the theory of business management, organization has two main aspects.

G Planning in business management has three main aspects.

 

A certain good woman one day said something that hurt her best friend of many years. She regretted it immediately and would have done anything to have taken the words back. So she went to an older, wiser woman in the village and 21 advice.

Listening to her, the older woman 22 the younger woman’s distress and knew she must help her. She also knew she could 23 ease her pain, but she could teach.

Then, she said. “There are 24 things you need to do. The first is extremely difficult. Tonight, Take your best 25 pillows and open a small hole in each one. Then, 26 the sun rises, you must put a single feather on the doorstep of each house in town. When you are through, 27 to me. If you’ve done the first thing 28, I’ll tell you the second.”

The young woman hurried home to prepare for her chore, 29 the pillows were very 30 to her and very expensive.

All night long, she went from doorstep to doorstep. Her fingers were 31. The wind was so sharp that it caused her eyes to water, but she ran on through the 32 streets, 33 there was something she could do to put things 34 the way they once were. Finally she placed the last feather on the steps of the last house. Just as the sun rose, she returned to the older woman.

She was exhausted but 35 ,thinking that her efforts would be rewarded.

“Now,” said the wise woman, “Go back and 36 your pillows. Then everything will be as it was before.”

The young woman was stunned, “You know that’s impossible! The wind 37 each feather as fast as I placed them on the doorsteps! You didn’t say I had to get them back! If this is the second 38, then things will never be the same.”

“That’s true,” said the older woman. “Never forget. Each of your words is like a feather in the wind. Once 39, no amount of effort, 40 how heartfelt or sincere, can ever return them to your mouth. Choose your words well and guard them most of all in the presence of those you love.”

A. asked about        B. asked for              C. asked to         D. ask around

A. witnessed           B. touched                C. guessed         D. sensed

A. ever                  B. almost                  C. never                   D. seldom

A. one                    B. two                       C. three              D. four

A. feather               B. leather                  C. woolen          D. cotton

A. when                  B. after                     C. as                  D. before

A. come back          B. go back                 C. put back        D. draw back

A. promptly           B. absolutely             C. completely    D. unfortunately

A. so as to              B. even though          C. now that        D. in spite of

A. hard                   B. rare                      C. nice              D.

A. freezing              B. freezingly             C. froze             D. frozen

A. brightened         B. widened               C. darkened       D. broadened

A. amazing            B. lucky                          C. thankful        D. surprising

A. on                     B. up                        C. off                D. back

A. tired                  B. relieved                C. grateful         D. nervous

A. refill                 B. get                       C. purchase        D. seek

A. blew up             B. blew on                C. blew away      D. blew over

A. requirement       B. situation               C. consequence   D. circumstance

A. speak                 B. spoken                  C. speaking         D. being spoken

A. however             B. whatever                C. although        D. regardless

C

Being able to multitask—doing several things at the same time—is considered a welcome skill by most people. But if we consider the situation of the young people aged from eight to eighteen, we should think again.

What we often see nowadays is that young people juggle an ever larger number of electronic devices(电子产品)as they study. While working, they also surf on the Internet, send out emails, answer the telephone and listen to music on their iPods. In a sense, they are spending a significant amount of time in fruitless efforts as they multitask.

Multitasking is even changing the relationship between family members. As young people around them. They can no longer greet family members when they enter the house, nor can they cat at the family table.

Multitasking also affects young people’s performance at university and in the workplace. When asked about their opinion of the effect of modern gadgets(器具)on their performance of tasks, many young people gave a positive response(反应). However, the response from the worlds of education and business was not quite as positive. Educators feel that multitasking by children has a serious effect on later development of study skills. They believe that many college students now need help to improve their study skills. Similarly, employers feel that young people entering the job market need to be taught all over again, as modern gadgets have made it unnecessary for them to learn special skills to do their work.

1.What does the underlined word “juggle” in Paragraph 2 most probably mean?

A．Want to buy	B．Take the place of.
C．Use at the same time	D．Seek for information from.

2.In Paragraph 3, the author points out that      .

A．family members do not cat at the family table

B．family member do not greet each other

C．young people live happily in their families

D．young people seldom talk with their family members

3.What is the main idea of the last paragraph?

A．Multitasking is harmful to young people’s development.

B．Young people benefit a lot from modern gadgets

C．Multitasking is an important skill to young people.

D．Young people must learn skills for future jobs.

4.The author develops the passage mainly by    .

A．providing typical examples	B．following the natural time order
C．comparing opinions from different fields
D．presenting a cause and analyzing its effects

 

While income worry is a rather common problem of the aged, loneliness is another problem that aged parents may face. Of all the reasons that explain their loneliness, a large geographical distance between parents and their children is the major one. This phenomenon is commonly known as "Empty Nest Syndrome”（空巢综合症）．

In order to seek better chances outside their countries, many young people have gone abroad, leaving their parents behind with no clear idea of when they will return home. Their parents spend countless lonely days and nights, taking care of themselves, in the hope that someday their children will come back to stay with them. The fact that most of these young people have gone to Europeanized or Americanized societies makes it unlikely that they will hold as tightly to the value of duty as they would have if they had not left their countries. Whatever the case, it has been noted that the values they hold do not necessarily match what they actually do. This geographical and cultural distance also prevents the grown-up children from providing response in time for their aged parents living by themselves.

The situation in which grown-up children live far away from their aged parents has been described as "distant parent phenomenon", which is common both in developed countries and in developing countries. Our society has not yet been well prepared for "Empty Nest Syndrome".

1.According to the passage, the loneliness of aged parents is mainly caused by __________.

A．their earlier experience of living alone

B．the poor living conditions in their native countries

C．the common worry that they have not saved much money

D．the distance between where parents live and where their children live

2.Many young people have gone abroad, leaving their aged parents behind, to __________.

A．realize their dreams in foreign countries

B．seek a better place for their aged parents

C．live in the countries with more money

D．continue their studies abroad

3.If young people go abroad, __________.

A．they do not hold to the value of duty at all

B．they can give some help to their parents back home

C．they cannot do what they should for their parents

D．they believe what they actually do is right

4.From the last paragraph, we can infer that __________.

A．the situations in the developed and developing countries are different

B．"Empty Nest Syndrome" has arrived unexpectedly in our society

C．children will become independent as soon as they go abroad

D．the aged parents are not fully prepared for "Empty Nest Syndrome"

5.The society discussed in the passage is most probably __________.

A．France           B．America           C．China             D．Britain

 

There is an endless supply of stories about sleepwalkers (梦游者). People have been said to climb on roofs, solve mathematical problems, write music, walk through windows, and do murder in their sleep.

       In Revere, Massachusetts, a hundred policemen searched for a lost boy who left his home in his sleep and woke up five hours later on a strange sofa in a strange living room, with no idea how he had got there.

       At the University of Lowa, WWW.K**S*858$$U.COMa student was reported to have the habit of getting up in the middle of the night and walking three-quarters of a mile to the Lowa River. He would take a swim and then go back to his room to bed.

       An American expert on sleep claims (声称) that he has never seen a sleepwalker. He is said to know more about sleep than any other living man, and during the last thirty-five years he has lost a lot of sleep watching people sleep. He says, “Of course, I know that there are sleepwalkers because I have read about them in the newspapers. But none of my sleepers ever walked, and if I were to advertise for sleepwalkers for an experiment, I doubt whether I would get many takers (应征者).”

       Sleepwalking, however, is a scientific reality. It is one of those strange things that sometimes look quite fantastic (怪诞的). Doctors say that sleepwalking is much more common than is generally supposed. Many sleepwalkers do not try to find help and their sleepwalking is never recorded.

Generally speaking, sleepwalkers are people who ________.

      A. climb on roofs                                B. walk through windows

       C. do fantastic things during their sleep                      D. walk in a half-awake state

It was reported that a boy ________.

      A. was found on a strange sofa, telling how he had got there

       B. slept in his own room but woke up in a strange room

       C. lost his way five hours after he left home

       D. was searched for by policemen when he lost his way

There was a college student who got into the habit of ________.

      A. getting up in the middle of the night and walking down to the river

       B. walking three-quarters of a mile every day

       C. swimming in the Lowa River before going to bed

       D. walking about before he went to bed

Why do people think sleepwalking is nothing but a fantastic thing which doesn’t have any explanation?

      A. It is so common that it needn’t be recorded.

       B. Scientists take no interest in it.

       C. Most sleepwalkers do not seek help for their problem.

       D. No records about it have been made.