Of all the animals in the animal kingdom, which one (aside from man) is the cleverest?

There are several ways of measuring the intelligence of animals. In one test a scientist sets three same cans on a table. While the animal watches, he puts food under one of the cans. Then he leads the animal away. Some time later, he brings it back to see if it remembers which can has the food. No smelling is allowed; the animal must go directly to the correct can or it fails.

This is called a delayed- response text. The idea is to find out how long an animal’s memory can keep information. The scientists would try showing the cans to the animal one hour later, or two hours later, or even a full day later. They discovered that chimpanzees and elephants had the best memory, and were able to remember the correct can for at least twenty hours. No other animal is close. Dogs came next, but they only remembered for nine hours.

To settle the matter, the scientists designed a huge maze (迷宫) and ran the chimps  and elephants through it. The maze was very difficult, with many blind paths and dead ends. It took the chimps (chimpanzees) ten minutes to find their way out. The elephants needed half an hour. Even allowing for the elephants’ slower rate of speed, the test shows that chimpanzees are the cleverest animals.

From this and other tests, the scientists drew the following conclusion: an animal’s intelligence depends on the size of its brain in proportion (比例) to the size of its body. The elephant’s brain weighs ten pounds. But this is only 1/600^th of its 6,000 pounds body. A chimp’s brain weighs about one pound, or 1/120^th of its total body weight. So in proportion to its body size, the chimp has four times as much brain as the elephant----more brain for less body. The chimp is the champ!

1.Which is the best title ?

A．The Elephant’s Memory	B．The Cleverest Animal
C．Judging Intelligence	D．The Chimp’s Brain

2.The main idea of this passage is that ________.

A．there are several ways of measuring the intelligence of animals

B．chimps and elephants have the best memory

C．intelligence tests show that the chimp is the cleverest animal

D．the scientists designed a huge maze and ran the chimps and elephants through it

3.The delayed-response test is designed to test an animal’s________.

A．eyesight

B．intelligence

C．learning ability

D．memory

4.The passage tells that elephants ________.

A．never forget things	B．are more clever than chimps
C．are slower-moving than chimps	D．have better memories than chimps

5.According to the passage, a rhinoceros (犀牛) that weighs 2100 pounds, and has a 3-pound brain is

________.

A．as clever as a chimp	B．more clever than an elephant
C．less clever than an elephant	D．as clever as an elephant

 

Medalists of the 1948 London Olympic Games look back on their summer of victory.

SAMMY Lee, 91, U.S.

GOLD AND BRONZE, DIVING

I first had my Olympic dream at 12, when they held the 1932 Olympics in Los Angeles. My father and I were at a grocery store, and I asked, “What are all the flags doing here?” He said, “We are having the Olympic Games. That’s where they honor the greatest athletes in the world.” I said, “Papa, someday I’m going to be an Olympic champ.”

Walking up the 10-meter platform, I thought to myself, “I’ve waited 16 years for this moment. Am I going to win?” So I prayed to God that I was most deserving of winning the Games.

DAVID BOND, 90, BRITAIN

GOLD, SAILING

During the war, I spent six years in Royal Air Force. I think in general, the 1948 Olympics meant very little to most people. We were too busy after the war to be worried about sport very much anyway.

Our team had about six weeks before the Olympics down at Torquay and we went out sailing every day.

Winning gold was quite something. It was nice to stand on the platform with lots of people cheering. We celebrated by going to a big dance.

MICHAEL LAPAGE, 88, BRITAIN

SILVER, ROWING

I started rowing when I was 14. I joined the navy in 1942. In 1945 the war came to an end and I started rowing again.

In 1948 we were still on rations (配给供应): 4 oz. of red meat a week. But the United States had all the meat they wanted. They were the favorites to win.

On the day of the final, we led the Americans at the start, but their stronger staying power took them through to win. There were no ribbons on the medals, so we just showed them round the family.

THOMAS GODWIN, 91, BRITAIN

BRONZE, CYCLING

At 14 I left school and got a job delivering groceries on a bicycle, which excited my interest in cycling. When the war broke out, I volunteered but was held back, so I continued riding.

After my team won our bronze medals, we went home just round the corner and had a sit-down and a chat and a laugh. It was a different world. Money was never, never thought about.

1. According to the passage, Sammy Lee ___________.

A．was 28 when he attended the 1948 Olympics

B．never thought he could win medals in diving

C．found that he has a talent for sports at age 12

D．prepared for the 1948 Olympics for 16 years

2. Michael Lapage blamed his team’s loss of the gold medal on their ___________.

A．weak will                              B．poor skill

C．poor nutrition                          D．hurried preparation

3. What did David Bond and Thomas Godwin have in common?

A．They both took part in a team event.

B．A lot of money was awarded to them.

C．The 1948 Olympics meant little to them.

D．They both served in the army during World War II.

4.What would be the best title for the passage?

A．Long-lived medalists                     B．The 1948 Olympics

C．Famous athletes                        D．Great in 1948

 

Medalists of the 1948 London Olympic Games look back on their summer of victory.
SAMMY Lee, 91, U.S.
GOLD AND BRONZE, DIVING
I first had my Olympic dream at 12, when they held the 1932 Olympics in Los Angeles. My father and I were at a grocery store, and I asked, “What are all the flags doing here?” He said, “We are having the Olympic Games. That’s where they honor the greatest athletes in the world.” I said, “Papa, someday I’m going to be an Olympic champ.”
Walking up the 10-meter platform, I thought to myself, “I’ve waited 16 years for this moment. Am I going to win?” So I prayed to God that I was most deserving of winning the Games.
DAVID BOND, 90, BRITAIN
GOLD, SAILING
During the war, I spent six years in Royal Air Force. I think in general, the 1948 Olympics meant very little to most people. We were too busy after the war to be worried about sport very much anyway.
Our team had about six weeks before the Olympics down at Torquay and we went out sailing every day.
Winning gold was quite something. It was nice to stand on the platform with lots of people cheering. We celebrated by going to a big dance.
MICHAEL LAPAGE, 88, BRITAIN
SILVER, ROWING
I started rowing when I was 14. I joined the navy in 1942. In 1945 the war came to an end and I started rowing again.
In 1948 we were still on rations (配给供应): 4 oz. of red meat a week. But the United States had all the meat they wanted. They were the favorites to win.
On the day of the final, we led the Americans at the start, but their stronger staying power took them through to win. There were no ribbons on the medals, so we just showed them round the family.
THOMAS GODWIN, 91, BRITAIN
BRONZE, CYCLING
At 14 I left school and got a job delivering groceries on a bicycle, which excited my interest in cycling. When the war broke out, I volunteered but was held back, so I continued riding.
After my team won our bronze medals, we went home just round the corner and had a sit-down and a chat and a laugh. It was a different world. Money was never, never thought about.
【小题1】 According to the passage, Sammy Lee ___________.

A．was 28 when he attended the 1948 Olympics

B．never thought he could win medals in diving

C．found that he has a talent for sports at age 12

D．prepared for the 1948 Olympics for 16 years

【小题2】 Michael Lapage blamed his team’s loss of the gold medal on their ___________.

A．weak will	B．poor skill
C．poor nutrition	D．hurried preparation

【小题3】 What did David Bond and Thomas Godwin have in common?

A．They both took part in a team event.

B．A lot of money was awarded to them.

C．The 1948 Olympics meant little to them.

D．They both served in the army during World War II.

【小题4】What would be the best title for the passage?

A．Long-lived medalists	B．The 1948 Olympics
C．Famous athletes	D．Great in 1948

For the second time in three years, Norway's Robert Sorlie delivered a brave performance to win sled-dog racing's toughest contest—the Iditarod. The 47-year-old firefighter crossed the finish line in Nome, Alaska, at 8:39 a.m. local time Wednesday morning.

"It feels good to be here," he declared, after passing the finish line. "I'm ready for breakfast."

Frosty temperatures, rough land, and exhaustion couldn't break the musher （赶狗拉雪撬的人）, who completed the race in 9 days, 18 hours, 39 minutes, and 31 seconds. Runner-up Ed Iten finished 34 minutes later, and defending champ Mitch Seavey finished third.

Sorlie took his first lead at the 365-mile mark, but fell into second place halfway through the race. With 500 miles to go, he regained the lead for good.

Iditarod officials rewarded Sorlie with a generous prize of $72,066 and a new truck. But even more exciting for the winner was the historic nature of his ride. By winning this year's race, Sorlie joins a best group of mushers, becoming only the sixth person to win the Iditarod more than once.

After winning several major long-distance races in Europe, Sorlie made his Iditarod first appearance in 2002, finishing in ninth place. A year later, he returned to take on the Alaskan wilderness once again, and won.

Iditarod: A Quick History

Since 1973, the world's top competitors have gathered in Alaska to undertake the Iditarod's 1,150-mile trail, which stretches from Anchorage to Nome.

The race commemorates（纪念）a group of courageous mushers and dogs. In 1925, they traveled across part of the Idit trail to deliver serum（血清）to save sick children in Nome.

How many times has Robert Sorlie won the Iditarod?

       A．Once.     B．Twice.     C．Three times.          D．Several times.

How long did it take Ed Iten to finish the race?

       A．9 days, 19 hours, 13 minutes, and 31 seconds.

       B．9 days, 18 hours, 5 minutes, and 31 seconds.

       C．9 days, 18 hours, 39 minutes, and 31 seconds.

       D．9 days, 18 hours, 13 minutes, and 31 seconds.

This win was very important for Sorlie because he could _____.

       A．get the generous prize of $72,066 and a new truck

       B．get a chance to race in Europe

       C．join a best group of mushers

       D．save sick children in Nome

How long has the Iditarod been held?

       A．Only 3 years.   B．Over 100 years.       C．About 80 years.       D．Over 20 years.

Of all the animals in the animal kingdom, which one (aside from man) is the cleverest?

    There are several ways of measuring the intelligence of animals. In one test a scientist sets three same cans on a table. While the animal watches, he puts food under one of the cans. Then he leads the animal away. Some time later, he brings it back to see if it remembers which can has the food. No smelling is allowed; the animal must go directly to the correct can or it fails.

    This is called a delayed- response text. The idea is to find out how long an animal’s memory can keep information. The scientists would try showing the cans to the animal one hour later, or two hours later, or even a full day later. They discovered that chimpanzees and elephants had the best memory, and were able to remember the correct can for at least twenty hours. No other animal is close. Dogs came next, but they only remembered for nine hours.

    To settle the matter, the scientists designed a huge maze (迷宫) and ran the chimps  and elephants through it. The maze was very difficult, with many blind paths and dead ends. It took the chimps (chimpanzees) ten minutes to find their way out. The elephants needed half an hour. Even allowing for the elephants’ slower rate of speed, the test shows that chimpanzees are the cleverest animals.

    From this and other tests, the scientists drew the following conclusion: an animal’s intelligence depends on the size of its brain in proportion (比例) to the size of its body. The elephant’s brain weighs ten pounds. But this is only 1/600^th of its 6,000 pounds body. A chimp’s brain weighs about one pound, or 1/120^th of its total body weight. So in proportion to its body size, the chimp has four times as much brain as the elephant----more brain for less body. The chimp is the champ!

Which is the best title ?

A. The Elephant’s Memory                                B. The Cleverest Animal

C. Judging Intelligence                                     D. The Chimp’s Brain

The main idea of this passage is that ________.

A. there are several ways of measuring the intelligence of animals

B. chimps and elephants have the best memory          

C. intelligence tests show that the chimp is the cleverest animal                     

D. the scientists designed a huge maze and ran the chimps and elephants through it

The delayed-response test is designed to test an animal’s________.

A. eyesight                   B. intelligence               C. learning ability         D. memory

The passage tells that elephants ________.

A. never forget things                                       B. are more clever than chimps           

C. are slower-moving than chimps                            D. have better memories than chimps

According to the passage, a rhinoceros (犀牛) that weighs 2100 pounds, and has a 3-pound brain is

 ________.

A. as clever as a chimp                                     B. more clever than an elephant          

C. less clever than an elephant                           D. as clever as an elephant