IV. 阅读理解（30%）

The future is time that is to come. The future is not the present or the past. It is later. We have seen many possible futures in science fiction. They range from the world’s polar ice caps melting to nuclear winters. But not all futures are this morbid. We have seen the human race spread all over our universe, humans and aliens living in harmony together all over the universe.

It is very likely that we will make some kind of breakthrough in our ability to travel through space sometime in the next 150 years. This would give us the ability to rule other planets. Ultimately, the earth will die whether it be 1,000 years or 100,000 years. We will be forced to move to another planet then. It’s really just a matter of time. When we do so, what will we discover?

Personally, I think everyone will be speaking the same language in 200 years. A world government definitely seems to be in our future. It is stable and has few wars. Indeed, the only type of wars that can happen is the civil war.

And what if we face aliens? If they are friendly, we would probably benefit a lot from putting our knowledge together. They must have advanced technology to travel for great distances. We could seriously benefit from their technology. But if they aren’t friendly, then we are in trouble. Hope that we have become advanced enough, smart enough, and generally a better race by the time we meet them. But this is all probably being discussed for nothing, because any race out there among the stars is probably as curious as we are about other creatures.

1. The underlined word in Paragraph 1 can be replaced by ___________.

A. unpleasant           B. shocking                C. expected               D. serious

2. What will humans do if the earth dies?

A. Humans have to face death.                          B. Humans will travel and live in space.

C. Humans will move to another planet.                   D. Humans will go back to the past time.

3. According to the author, the following statements are right about aliens EXCEPT that _________.

A. we can learn from aliens if they are friendly

B. when aliens arrive, humans will be smarter than them

C. aliens may be as curious as we human beings about other planets

D. aliens have more advanced technology than us

4. After reading the passage, we can know that the passage is based on_________.

A. scientific facts                            B. time and space

C. advanced technology                     D. the author’s imagination

 

______ to nuclear radiation, even for a short time, may influence genes in human bodies.

A．Exposed

B．Being exposed

C．To expose

D．Having exposed

 

____ to nuclear radiation, even for a short time, may produce variants of genes in human body.

A．Exposed

B．Being exposed

C．Having exposed

D．After being exposed

 

The State Council declared Wednesday it would restart China's nuclear power program, ending the hiatus（中断）in nuclear construction since Japan's Fukushima nuclear disaster last year.

    China has been the most courageous country in building nuclear power, with the largest number of plants currently under construction. Nuclear power is facing a tough time in developed countries. The Japanese public is demanding the closure of all the country's nuclear power plants. China is at the forefront of nuclear power development. But it has been forced into this position.

    Rapid economic development coupled with improvements in people's life both demand more electricity. It is impossible to exploit fossil resources forever as the supply of coal, oil and natural gas is limited. China has no choice but to develop nuclear power.

    China must be the safest user of nuclear power. It should become a leading country in developing nuclear power technologies and increasing the world's knowledge of nuclear power. 

    It needs to do at least two things. First, it needs to promote safety in nuclear power plants, based on the technologies of the West. The former Soviet Union, the US and Japan all had severe nuclear accidents, proving there are risks. China should try to remove these risks.

    Second, China should establish effective communication mechanisms（机制）between the government, power plants and the public. It's wrong to think the government can control every aspect of nuclear power plant construction.

    The opposition to nuclear power program in developed countries has prevented them from building new plants, but they already have many. These governments are reluctant to close these plants despite strong opposition, because they cannot find better substitutes. 

    Nuclear power only occupies 1.8 percent of China's current electricity grid（输电网）, much lower than the proportion in many developed countries. China's nuclear power plan should introduce the advantages of the technologies of other countries and also be creative in providing security. Its space technology is not the most advanced, but its launch safety measures have proven to be among the best.

    China's high-profile high-speed railway development has drawn a lot of controversy, as will the active attitude towards developing nuclear power. But China cannot just copy what the developed countries have done. The development of nuclear power must be unique to China and it must be a ground-breaking success. But now, the real test lies ahead.

1.In the third paragraph the writer focuses on ______.

A. the reason why China is to develop nuclear power

B. the difficulty China has in developing nuclear power

C. the measures China will take to develop nuclear power

D. the benefits China will have by developing nuclear power

2.What attitude do people in developed countries have towards nuclear power program?

A. Supportive.           B. Opposed.     C. Indifferent.                      D. Objective.

3.. If the Chinese government is to develop nuclear power, it needs to ______.

A. copy exactly what the developed countries have done

B. depend entirely on domestic scientists and technologies

C. avoid people’s involvement in nuclear power plant construction

D. do everything in its power to guarantee safety in nuclear power plants

4.What is the future of China’s nuclear power program according to the text?

A. It will be unique but can hardly pass too many tests.

B. It will be full of controversy but carried out firmly.

C. It will be on a smooth way to a ground-breaking success.

D. It will receive much opposition from developed countries.

 

PART FOUR  WRITING

SECTION A

Directions: Read the following passage. Complete the diagram by using the information from the passage.

Write NO MORE THAN 3 WORDS for each answer.

Supplying energy by nuclear power is a new trend in the recent years. However, it may be very dangerous.

First, the radioactive material must travel from its place of production to the power station. Although the power stations themselves are strongly built, the containers used for the transport of the materials are not. Normally, only two methods of transport are in use, namely, road and rail. Unfortunately, both of these may have an effect on the general public, since they are sure to pass near, or even through, heavily populated areas.

Second, there is a problem of waste. All nuclear power stations produce wastes that in most cases will remain radioactive for thousands of years. It is impossible to make these waste non radioactive, so they must be stored in one of the inconvenient ways that scientists have invented. For example, they may be buried under the ground, or dropped into deserted mines, or sunk in the area. However, these methods do not solve the problem, since an earthquake could easily break the containers.

Third, there may occur the danger of a leak or an explosion at the power station. As with the other two dangers, this is not very likely, so it doesn’t provide a serious objection to nuclear program. However, it can happen.

Separately, these three types of dangers are not a great cause for worry. Taken together, though, the probability of disaster is extremely high.

Title:   71  of Nuclear Power

Argument	Supplying  72   by nuclear power may be very dangerous.
Grounds of 73	Places	Reasons	74
Along   75	77   not strong	Transported near the public
In waste-storing areas	78	Breaking containers
76	Not mentioned	A leak or explosion
Conclusion	Separately, not a great   79   for worry;   80  , very possible