Below is some advice on how to prevent colds and flu.
8 Ways to Avoid Colds and Flu
1. Wash your hands and wash them often
The US Naval Health Research Center conducted a study of 40,000 volunteers who were ordered to wash their hands five times a day. The volunteers cut their incidence of flu by 45 percent.
2. Wash your hands twice every time you wash them
Researchers at Columbia University found one hand washing had little effect, even when using antibacterial soap. So wash twice if you’re serious about preventing colds.
3. Change your toothbrush every three months
You think your toothbrush gets your teeth clean — and it does. But once you’ve finished brushing, it can be a breeding ground for germs. Most dentists recommend you change your brush every two or three months. It’s also a good idea to replace it after you’ve had a cold or flu.
4. Sneeze and cough into your arm or tissue (纸巾)
Whoever taught us to cover our mouths when we cough or sneeze got it wrong. That just puts the germs right on our hands, where you can spread them to objects — and other people. Instead, put your arm over your mouth and nose when you sneeze or cough if a tissue isn’t handy. It’s pretty rare that you shake someone’s arm, after all.
5. Stop blaming yourself when things go wrong
Believe it or not, blaming yourself makes you more likely to catch a cold! Researchers found that even those who had control over their work were more likely to begin sneezing if they lacked confidence or tended to blame themselves when things went wrong. Such attitudes make people more stressed on the job, and stress, as you know, can challenge your immune system.
6. Once a day, sit in a quiet, dim room, close your eyes, and focus on one word
Meditate (冥想). It is a proven way to reduce stress. Studies have shown that stress weakens your immune system. In fact, people with high stress levels have up to twice the number of colds as non-stressed people.
7. Get moving
Ride a bike, join a dance class, or go for a walk. A study found that older women who did 45 minutes of gentle exercise, five times a week for a year, were up to three times less likely to get a cold than women who took little exercise. The researchers found that the exercisers’ immune system was strongest in the last three months of the study.
8. Leave the windows in your house open a crack
You don’t have to keep all of them open, but one or two in the rooms in which you spend the most time. This is particularly important if you live in a newer home, where fresh circulating air has been the victim of energy efficiency. A bit of fresh air will do wonders for chasing out germs.
 

1. 1.

   To prevent yourself from getting colds, you should wash your hands____.

   1. A.
      twice every hour
   2. B.
      twice every time
   3. C.
      five times every hour
   4. D.
      five times every time
2. 2.

   When you cough or sneeze, you should ____.

   1. A.
      put your hands over your mouth
   2. B.
      avoid shaking hands with other people
   3. C.
      cover your mouth with your arm or a tissue
   4. D.
      keep away from other people
3. 3.

   Your immune system will be weakened if ____.

   1. A.
      your stress level is high
   2. B.
      your room is not bright
   3. C.
      you have control over your work
   4. D.
      you do not exercise for 45 minutes every day
4. 4.

   If you live in a new house, it is particularly important to ____.

   1. A.
      leave all the windows open a crack
   2. B.
      leave only one or two windows open to save energy
   3. C.
      keep one or two windows open in the rooms where you spend the most time
   4. D.
      keep all the doors and windows open to let in more fresh air when you are at home

Any day we wish；we can discipline ourselves to change it a11．Any day we wish；we can open the book that will open our mind to new knowledge．Any day we wish；we can start a new activity．Any day we wish；we can start the process of life change．We can do it immediately，or next week，or next month，or next year．

We can also do nothing．We can pretend rather than perform．And if the idea of having to change ourselves makes us uncomfortable，we can remain as we are．We can choose rest over labor，entertainment over education，delusion(幻想)over truth，and doubt over confidence．The choices are ours to make．But while we complain about the effect，we continue to nourish(助长)the cause．

As Shakespeare uniquely observed，“The fault is not in the stars，but in ourselves．’’We created our circumstances by our past choices．We have both the ability and the responsibility to make better choices beginning today．

Those who are in search of the good life do not need more answers or more time to think things over to reach better conclusions. They need the truth .They need the whole truth .And the responsibility to nothing but the truth．

We cannot allow our errors in judgment，repeated every day，to lead us down the wrong path．

We must keep coming back to those basics that make the biggest difference in how our life works out．And then we must make the very choices that will bring life，happiness and joy into our daily lives .

And if I may be so bold to offer my last piece of advice for someone seeking and needing to make changes in their life—If you don’t like how things are，change it !You’re not a tree．You have the ability to totally transform every area in your life — and it all begins with your very own power of choice．

1.The first paragraph tells us that_________.

A．no one wants to be disciplined

B．we often need some new knowledge

C．taking activities does good to our health

D．we want to change all the time

2.We may conclude from the second paragraph that

A. whatever happens, we have to change ourselves

B. people tend to nourish the cause of bad results???

C. whether we change or not depends on ourselves

D. most choices we made are not good enough

3.From Shakespeare’s words，we know________.

A．it? is our duty to change for the better

B．we complain a lot about our past choices

C．sometimes we have to face the fate

D．we should believe in ourselves in life

4.In the author’s opinion，if。you want a good life，what you need most is_______.

A．self confidence??? B．good choices??? C．strong wills? D．the truth

Billy is fourteen years old and in the ninth grade. He has a 1 job which gets him 2 at five o'clock every morning. He is a 3 .
Each morning, Billy leaves the house at 5: l5 to go to the corner 4 the newspapers are. The newspapers are delivered （递）to the 5 by truck at midnight. He always takes a wagon (手推车) to carry them.
In 6 , it is still dark and cold when he gets up, but during the rest of the year it is bright and warm. Billy must deliver the newspapers to the houses of people on his route (线路) in all kinds of weather. He tries to put each 7 on the porch (门廊) where it will be protected from 8 , rain or snow. His 9  think he does a good job. Sometimes they give him 10 .
Billy 11 about $70 per month, and he is saving some of the money to go to college. He spends the rest 12 records and clothes. Once a month, he has to 13 money from his customers. Since many of them 14 during the day, Billy has to collect the money 15 . Sometimes, when Billy is 16 , his older brother has to 17 the newspapers. Once  Billy's father had to help as well.
Billy has seventy customers now, 18 he hopes to get more soon. Some day, if he gets many more customers, Billy might win a prize for being an outstanding(杰出的) newspaper boy. He wants to win a 19 to Europe, but he will also be happy 20 he wins a new bicycle.

1. 1.
   1. A.
      full-time
   2. B.
      strange
   3. C.
      good
   4. D.
      part-time
2. 2.
   1. A.
      indoors
   2. B.
      outdoors
   3. C.
      down
   4. D.
      up
3. 3.
   1. A.
      schoolboy
   2. B.
      newspaper boy
   3. C.
      cowboy（牛仔）
   4. D.
      clever boy
4. 4.
   1. A.
      that
   2. B.
      where
   3. C.
      which
   4. D.
      whether
5. 5.
   1. A.
      house
   2. B.
      porch(门廊)
   3. C.
      school
   4. D.
      corner
6. 6.
   1. A.
      autumn
   2. B.
      winter
   3. C.
      morning
   4. D.
      summer
7. 7.
   1. A.
      newspaper
   2. B.
      magazine
   3. C.
      letter
   4. D.
      email
8. 8.
   1. A.
      air
   2. B.
      wind
   3. C.
      water
   4. D.
      fire
9. 9.
   1. A.
      teachers
   2. B.
      parents
   3. C.
      bosses（老板们）
   4. D.
      customers(顾客们)
10. 10.
    1. A.
       books
    2. B.
       some bread
    3. C.
       a new bike
    4. D.
       tips（小费）
11. 11.
    1. A.
       makes
    2. B.
       saves
    3. C.
       spends
    4. D.
       pays
12. 12.
    1. A.
       in
    2. B.
       at
    3. C.
       to
    4. D.
       on
13. 13.
    1. A.
       give
    2. B.
       borrow
    3. C.
       collect
    4. D.
       catch
14. 14.
    1. A.
       play
    2. B.
       study
    3. C.
       work
    4. D.
       rest
15. 15.
    1. A.
       in the morning
    2. B.
       at night
    3. C.
       in the afternoon
    4. D.
       at noon
16. 16.
    1. A.
       sick
    2. B.
       angry
    3. C.
       at school
    4. D.
       sad
17. 17.
    1. A.
       carry
    2. B.
       collect
    3. C.
       deliver
    4. D.
       sell
18. 18.
    1. A.
       then
    2. B.
       but
    3. C.
       so
    4. D.
       for
19. 19.
    1. A.
       trip
    2. B.
       car
    3. C.
       bicycle
    4. D.
       job
20. 20.
    1. A.
       because
    2. B.
       whether
    3. C.
       unless
    4. D.
       if

Our quarrel with efficiency is not that it gets things done, but that it is a thief of time when it leaves us no leisure to enjoy ourselves, and that it strains our nerves when we try to get things done perfectly. In building bridges, American engineers calculate so finely and exactly as to make the two ends come together within one-tenth of an inch. But when two Chinese begin to dig a tunnel from both sides of a mountain both come out on the other side. --The Chinese’s firm belief is that it doesn’t matter so long as a tunnel is dug through, and if we have two instead of one, why, we have a double track to boot.
The pace of modern industrial life forbids this kind of glorious and magnificent idling. But, worse than that, it imposes upon us a different conception of time as measured by the clock and eventually turns the human being into a clock himself. (This sort of thing is bound to come to China, as is evident, for instance, in the case of a factory of twenty thousand workers. The luxurious prospect of twenty thousand workers coming in at their own sweet pleasure at all hours is, of course, somewhat terrifying.)Nevertheless, such efficiency is what makes life so hard and full of excitement. A man who has to be punctually at a certain place at five o’clock has the whole afternoon from one to five ruined for him already. Every American adult is arranging his time on the pattern of the schoolboy - three o’clock for this, five o’clock for that, six-thirty for change of dress, six-fifty for entering the taxi, and seven o’clock for arriving at the destination. It just makes life not worth living.

1. 1.

   The writer objects to efficiency mainly on the grounds that it ____.

   1. A.
      gives us rights to have too much leisure time
   2. B.
      urges us to get things done punctually
   3. C.
      robs us of leisure time
   4. D.
      imposes on us a perfect concept of time
2. 2.

   In the eyes of the author, the introduction of industrial life gives rise to ____.

   1. A.
      the excitement of life
   2. B.
      magnificent idling of time
   3. C.
      more emphasis on efficiency
   4. D.
      terrifying schoolboy
3. 3.

   The passage tells us ____.

   1. A.
      Chinese workers come to work when it is convenient
   2. B.
      all Americans are forced to be efficient against their will
   3. C.
      Chinese engineers are on better terms with the management
   4. D.
      Americans ought not to work so hard for efficiency
4. 4.

   The author believes that relaxing the rule of punctuality in factories would lead to ____.

   1. A.
      great trouble
   2. B.
      increased production
   3. C.
      a hard and exciting life
   4. D.
      successful completion of a tunnel

Ellis Island is located in New York Harbor. Ellis Island is open daily year-round from 9:30am to 5:00pm, with extended hours during summer. It is closed on December 25. There is no admission charge to Ellis Island; donations are gratefully accepted.
At Your Fingertips
Park information      (212) 363- 7620
Emergencies         (212 ) 363- 3260
Ferryboat information  (212) 269- 5755
Lost and found       (212) 344- 7620
Dining, gifts, & audio tour  (212) 344- 0996
Transportation
Statue of Liberty and Ellis Island Ferry: Boats leave from Battery Park, Manhattan, and from Liberty State Park, New Jersey. They run about every 30 to 45 minutes beginning at 9: 15 am(ferry schedule subject to change).
Hours: May vary; call the number below
Closed: December 25
Ferry fees (Includes Liberty and Ellis Islands): adults, $ 7; senior citizens, $6; children(age 3 to 17), $ 3. (lower group rates are available for 25 or more adults)
Ticket & schedule information: (212) 269- 5755

1. 1.

   In summer, visitors will have ___________ to visit Ellis Island.

   1. A.
      no enough money
   2. B.
      a longer time
   3. C.
      a shorter time
   4. D.
      a wonderful time
2. 2.

   Which number would you call if your friends were suddenly ill?

   1. A.
      (212) 344- 0996
   2. B.
      (212) 363- 7620
   3. C.
      (212 ) 363- 3260
   4. D.
      (212) 269- 5755
3. 3.

   Which of the following is NOT true?

   1. A.
      People can visit Ellis Island free of charge.
   2. B.
      The boats departure time from Battery Park is at 9:15 a.m. all the year round.
   3. C.
      Ferry fees for children are cheaper than for adults.
   4. D.
      Ferry fees for group visitors can be reduced.
4. 4.

   We may infer from the passage that _____________.

   1. A.
      visitors prefer to go to Ellis Island by boat
   2. B.
      there are more visitors in winter
   3. C.
      Ellis Island is open every day
   4. D.
      Boat is the only transportation to Ellis Island