His new appointment takes _____ from the beginning of next month.

A. place    B. effect   C. post    D. office

Does the amount of rain_____the growth of crops?

A. influence     B. effect             C. affect             D. increase

As a heavy smoker , he finds it hard to get rid of the habit, which has a bad _____on his health.

A .affect  B. effect  C. effort  D.affection

第二节: 完形填空 (共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从36-55各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.
The Spring Festival marks the first day of a new year, so the first meal is rather important. People from the North and the South have different   36   about the foods they eat on this  37   day. In Northern China, people   38   eat Jiaozi. The word Jiaozi in Chinese means the   39   and the beginning of time. According to historical   40  , in the past people from the North and the South both ate Jiaozi on Chinese New Year’s Day. Perhaps  41  the areas in Southern China   42   more rice than those in Northern China, southern people slowly  43  to eat many other kinds of food on New Year’s Day.   44   , the most common foods for the first   45   are noodles, New Year Cake and Tangyuan. The noodle  46  long life. The New Year Cake is called Niangao in Chinese, which   47   the hope of improvement in   48   year after year. Tangyuan is a symbol of   49    according to the Chinese.
To  50   a New Year visit to relatives and friends is an important activity during the Spring Festival. People also send cards to   51    a New Year’s greeting. What children love most is to set off firecrackers.   52   , as the pace of life is becoming faster and faster, people have   53   new ways to celebrate the Chinese traditional New Year. For example, many people no longer send out greeting cards.   54   , they use short messages or emails. Also to travel during the New Year holidays has come into   55   .
36. A. word            B. habits                C. meanings          D. stories
37. A. usual          B. unforgettable             C. common            D. special
38.A. seldom         B. usually               C. always              D. hardly
39. A. end             B. future              C. result             D. effect
40. A. reasons        B. records              C. notes              D. stories
41. A. as long as      B. though             C. when            D. because
42. A. caused          B. took                 C. produced           D. brought
43. A. understood     B. knew            C. made                D. began
44. A. Besides            B. Therefore             C. Consequently         D. Usually
45. A. subject          B. title              C. program           D. meal
46. A. symbolizes         B. reveals            C. shows              D. indicates
47. A. transports       B. represents          C. fetches                     D. takes
48. A. health          B. family             C. life              D. work
49. A. reunion        B. luck                   C. happiness          D. harmony
50. A. do            B. pay               C. get              D. carry
51.A. express              B. describe                 C. establish            D. define
52. A. Luckily         B. Unfortunately       C. However                  D. Besides
53. A. given away     B. made out           C. got into           D. taken up
54. A. Instead         B. Fortunately          C. Moreover         D. Furthermore
55.A. fashion          B. effect                       C. sight             D. power

E

City officials are hoping to use the power of dog droppings. San Franciscans already recycle more than 60% of their dogs’ droppings, but in this dog-friendly town, such wastes make up nearly 4% of residential waste, or 6,500 tons a year.

Within the next few months, Norcal Waste, a company that collects San Francisco’s wastes, will begin a trial program under which it uses biodegradable (生物分解的) bags and dog-waste carts to pick up droppings at a popular dog park.

The droppings will be thrown into a machine called a methane digester (沼气处理机), which is basically a tank in which bacteria feed on droppings for weeks to create methane gas.

The methane could then be piped directly to a gas stove, a steam heater, an air turbine or anything else powered by natural gas. It can also be used to produce electricity.

Someone doubts whether this plan is practical. But Norcal Waste spokesman, Robert Reed points to San Francisco’s creative food composting (混合肥料) program, which began 10 years ago. It is a proof that an unusual idea can work in this forward-thinking city. Norcal Waste collects 300 tons of food left over after meals per day from homes and restaurants and changes it into a rich fertilizer sold to grape farms and organic farms.

Methane digesters are nothing new. The technology was introduced in Europe about 20 years ago, and more than 600 farm-based digesters are in operation there. Nine are in use on California cow farms, and chicken and pig farms elsewhere in the United States also use them.

“The main obstacle is probably getting communities around the country the courage to collect dog droppings, to give value to something we’d rather not talk about,” Brinton, a recycling and composting consultant, said. “San Francisco is probably the king of pet cities. This could be an advantage of it, which is very important.”

Some other experts believe energy production from dog droppings must become more attractive economically before it gets popular. Landfill space is relatively cheap, and natural gas and electricity also remain fairly inexpensive. However, Reed said confidently, “Now, the city authorities asked us to look at dog waste specifically.”

61. How many dogs’ droppings can be recycled at present per year in San Francisco?

A. About 6,500 tons.                    B. About 169,000 tons.

C. About 260 tons.                          D. About 3,900 tons.

62. It can be inferred from the passage that        .

A. there are many pets that are treated well in San Francisco

B. Norcal Waste is a company of refuse (垃圾) treatment, which collects dog wastes only

C. most of the farms in Europe use Methane digesters

D. Brinton doesn’t feel optimistic about the collection of dog droppings in San Francisco

63. The underlined word “obstacle” in Paragraph 7 most probably means        .

A. interest         B. effect         C. difficulty       D. purpose

64. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. San Francisco is a city full of innovation.

B. Dog droppings can be changed into methane gas in several days.

C. It is the first time to utilize animal waste in San Francisco.

D. Utilizing dog droppings presently is more economical than the landfill.

65. Which of the following can be the best title of this passage?

A. Animal wastes collection by Norcal Waste

B. Changing dog droppings into energy

C. Methane digester technology in San Francisco

D. A dog droppings composting program