实验室用铜制取硫酸铜，将适量硝酸分多次加入到铜粉与稀硫酸的混合物中，加热使之反应完全，通过蒸发、结晶得到硫酸铜晶体。
（1）为了节约原料，硫酸和硝酸的物质的量之比最佳为：    ；为了吸收该反应中产生的尾气，请选择下列中合适的装置       。

（2）为符合绿色化学的要求，某研究性学习小组进行如下设计：
第一组：以空气为氧化剂法
方案1：以空气为氧化剂。将铜粉在仪器B中反复灼烧，使铜与空气充分反应生成氧化铜，再将氧化铜与稀硫酸反应。
方案2：将空气或氧气直接通入到铜粉与稀硫酸的混合物中，发现在常温下几乎不反应。向反应液中加少量FeSO₄，即发生反应，生成硫酸铜。反应完全后，加物质甲调节pH ，铁元素全部沉淀（一般认为铁离子的浓度下降到10^-5mol·L^-1，就认为沉淀完全），然后过滤、浓缩、结晶。
已知：K_sp[Cu((OH)₂]≈10^-22， K_sp[Fe((OH)₂]≈10^-16,  K_sp[Fe((OH)₃]≈10^-38
请回答下列问题：
如开始加入的铜粉为3.2 g，最后所得溶液为500 mL,溶液中含有铁元素0.005 mol。
①方案1中的B仪器名称是       。
②为了使铁元素全部沉淀，应调节pH至少为_________。
③方案2中甲物质可选用的是             。

A．CaO

B．NaOH

C．CuCO3

D．Cu2(OH)2CO3 E、Fe2(SO4)3

④反应中加入少量FeSO₄可加速铜的氧化，用离子方程式解释其原因        。
第二组：过氧化氢为氧化剂法
将3.2g铜丝放到45 mL 1.5mol·L^-1的稀硫酸中，控温在50℃。加入18mL 10%的H₂O₂，反应0.5h，升温到60℃，持续反应1 h后，过滤、蒸发浓缩、减压抽滤等，用少量95%的酒精淋洗后晾干，得CuSO₄·5H₂O 10.5g。
请回答下列问题：
⑤反应时温度控制在50℃~60℃不宜过高的原因是         ，
⑥本实验CuSO₄·5H₂O的产率为         。

缺词填空

More and more families go on a car trip each year. 1. H_______, the thought of trouble on the road may prevent you from going out. To avoid(避免) trouble, you need to make a careful2.p_______ for your trip.

First of all, choose a proper route for your trip. Consider3.w_______ you are going and find several possible routes to it. Traffic and the 4. t_______ that you will spend on the road must be considered when you decide one.

Consider your luggage(行李) needs. 5. B_______ you begin packing your necessities(必需品), think about how many people will be in your car and how much space they will need in order to 6. t_______ comfortably.

Try to avoid busy times. Usually highways are busier on Fridays and Sundays, so going on Tuesday or7.T______ will help you to avoid traffic jams. Driving at night is also a great way to miss the traffic and the kids can sleep8.d_______ the trip.

9. F_______, don’t forget to check your car carefully before leaving so that you can have a 10.s_______ trip.

 

Cu的化合物在生活及科研中有重要作用，不同反应可制得不同状态的Cu₂O
（1）科学研究发现纳米级的Cu₂O可作为太阳光分解水的催化剂。
①在加热条件下用液态肼（N₂H₄）还原新制Cu（OH）₂可制备纳米级Cu₂O，同时放出N₂。当收集的N₂体积为3.36L（已换算为标准状况）时，可制备纳米级Cu₂O的质量为        ；

②一定温度下，在2 L密闭容器中加入纳米级Cu₂O并通入0.20 mol水蒸气，发生反应：
  ；测得20 min时O₂的物质的量为0.0016 mol，则前20 min的反应速率v（H₂O）=                  ；该温度下，反应的平衡常数表达式K=                  ；下图表示在t₁时刻达到平衡后，只改变一个条件又达到平衡的不同时段内，H₂的浓度随时间变化的情况，则t₁时平衡的移动方向为      ，t₂时改变的条件可能为              ；若以K₁、K₂、K₃分别表示t₁时刻起改变条件的三个时间段内的平衡常数，t₃时刻没有加入或减少体系中的任何物质，则K₁、K₂、K₃的关系为                ；
（2）已知：ΔH＝－293kJ·mol^－1           
ΔH＝－221kJ·mol^－1
请写出用足量炭粉还原CuO（s）制备Cu₂O（s）的热化学方程式        ；
（3）用电解法也可制备Cu₂O。原理如右上图所示，则阳极电极反应可以表示为        。

Nowadays more and more Chinese teenagers find life more difficult without their parents. They don’t know how to do 1.h        because their parents do almost everything for them at home. This is a big 2.p       .

Joy is 14 years old. Last month her parents went aboard on 3.b       , so she had to stay at home alone. At first she thought she would be 4.h        when her parents were not in. She could do everything that she liked. 5.B        when it was six o’clock in the afternoon, she felt 6.h       . “Oh, it’s time to have supper. Where can I get my food?” she said to herself. 7.L        she found some food in the fridge, but she didn’t know how to cook. At that moment, she 8.m        her parents very much. At last she could only go to the supermarket and bought some food to9.e       .

Many teenagers are the same as Joy. So I think they should 10.l        some life skills, like cooking, tidying up their rooms or dressing themselves properly. They shouldn’t depend too much on their parents.