Jerry Green went to spend a year at the South Pole Station (南极站)as the only doctor in 1998 when she 47. While working at the station that March. she discovered that there was a hard lump (肿块) in her stomach. She knew it was cancer, but she wasn't able to go to a doctor for help. She couldn't leave the station for the next seven until the snow thawed. Dr. Green didn't wait for the death. But decided to fight against the cancer. She tried to about the lump to a hospital in the United States. The doctors said it was cancer. Without the proper wouldn't live for long. Soon a USA airplane came to provide her with some help. She started her own treatments(治疗)after getting instructions from American doctors. She finally spent the long winter there before she returned home that October .Since then, she had become a incubus in support of cancer charities. She also wrote a best-selling book called Ice Bound.

　　 Sadly, Dr. Green's cancer finally returned. She died on June 23.2009.

1.Jerry Green discovered that she bad a bard lump in her stomach in       .

A．March.1998       B．May. 1998         C．June.2009         D．July,2009

2.What does the underlined word" thawed "mean in Chinese?

A．形成             B．堆积             C．融化             D．覆盖

3.When did she start her own treatments?

A．After searching the Internet.

B．After getting instructions from American doctors.

C．After hearing from her paw law

D．After becoming a member in support of cancer charities.

4.Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A．Dr. Green decided to give up the treatments.

B．She sent the information about the lump to a hospital in the United Stales.

C．She wrote a book called Ice Bound.

D．Dr Green died of cancer.

5.What does the writer feel about Dr. Green's death?

A．exciting           B．Happy.            C．Sad              D．Pleased

 

阅读下文，完成小题。(17分)
水　问
王猛
一
当我们潜入蓝藻丛生的滇池底部，去寻找消失已久的栲栳鱼，我们想知道究竟是什么污染了我们的湖水？当我们在海河岸边一次又一次见证了打井队寻找水源的失败经历时，我们想知道那些地下几百米的水究竟到哪里去了？
如果世界人均水资源是一满杯水的话，中国的人均水资源不过仅仅是一个杯底；而且由于时空分布极不均匀，在华北等人口聚集的地区，我们的人均水资源量甚至低于以色列、中东等地区。
危机不是即将到来，而是已经从四面八方悄悄开始。
在富裕的南方，几十万人，一夜之间就可能没有水喝；在淮河岸边，一场污水过后，所有河蟹养殖户彻底破产；在发展中的北方，河流的生命几乎绝迹；长江的河道里，人们花费上百万元，只是为了寻找到一种名叫白鳍豚的水生鱼类；“太湖美”、“汾河清”这样的歌曲在全国的水污染地图面前显得滑稽、尴尬。从北到南，七大流域正在水污染危机崩溃的边缘。
水是宽容的，因为宽容才产生了生命，也因为这种宽容，它容纳了这个世界大部分肮脏的东西。中国的工业文明发展史浓缩了西方两百年的时间，作为代价，中国的河流与湖泊也浓缩了西方两百年的污染史。利益驱动、制度缺失、道德沦丧，对比农耕文明，对比泰晤士河的治理，一味追求利益与让中国的江河湖泊重新变清究竟什么最重要？
二
在开封城几十公里外,悬在几百万人口上方的黄河,又让我们不断地思考洪水的出路;在漳河两岸,每年夏天都会增派武警来保护水源;在城市里,拉动任何一个抽水马桶,宁夏缺水地区全家人一星期的生活用水就全部被冲到了下水道;在有些地方,水很贵,一瓶矿泉水的价格甚至比97号汽油还要贵两倍……
中国人并不缺乏节水的历史、节水的意识和节水的技术。坎儿井、北海团城这些古老的节水设施已经使用了几千年,那么我们缺什么呢？对一户农民、一个企业、一个地区而言,当节水比浪费水还要多花钱的时候,为什么要节水？当浪费水仅仅只是一个道德问题的时候,我们为什么要节水？
节水不仅是我们面对生存危机不得已的选择,也是考验我们这个民族道德与制度建设能力的一次机会。
三
黄河源头有“千湖之县”美誉的玛多要搬迁了,原因是没有水;太湖之滨的大款要搬走了,原因是水脏了;世界第四大湖——咸海,已经消失了一半;我们儿时记忆中的河流几乎全部干枯了——我们的祖先是否想象过我们今天的遭遇?
人类的文明诞生在大河两岸,苏美尔人的崛起就是因为找到了与水和谐相处的方式;但是,苏美尔文明的消亡,也正是由于对水的过度利用。两百多年以前,人类发明了蒸汽机——一种利用水循环的机器,它推动着我们到达了今天的文明程度。我们生活在地球历史中最美好的时期,但是我们是不是忘记了水可以诞生文明,也可以毁灭文明？
面对水,如果我们不能够找到新的文明方式,我们还能在地球上待多久？
（选自《文苑·经典美文》2010年第6期）
【小题1】中国面临水资源危机，其产生的原因是什么？（3分）
【小题2】读下面句子，联系上下文，体会表达效果。（6分）
⑴如果世界人均水资源是一满杯水的话，中国的人均水资源不过仅仅是一个杯底……（用了什么说明方法？有什么作用？）
⑵一味追求利益与让中国的江河湖泊重新变清究竟什么最重要？（这个问句是哪种类型的问句？表达了什么意思？）
⑶中国人并不缺乏节水的历史、节水的意识和节水的技术。坎儿井、北海团城这些古老的节水设施已经使用了几千年，那么我们缺什么呢？（想一想，我们缺的是什么呢？）
【小题3】如何治理水资源，这篇文章高屋建瓴，提出了一些新观点。下面对新观点的表达不正确的一项是（　　　）（3分）

A．改变水的宽容的特点，拒绝肮脏的侵害。

B．提高民族道德水平，建立起人们的新观念：认识到节约比经济利益更重要。

C．国家要加强节水的法律法规建设，地方要加强节水的制度建设。

D．寻找、建立新的文明发展方式。

【小题4】文章结尾告诉我们，如果要治理好水资源，就要找到新的文明方式。那么，这新的文明方式是怎样的呢？又如何实现这种新文明呢？谈谈自己的看法。（5分）

In the Caucasus region（高加索地区）, nearly 50 out of every 100,000 people live to celebrate their 100^th birthday, and many don’t stop at 100! By comparison, in America only 3 people in 100,000 reach 100. But these Caucasus people aren’t alone. The Pakistani Hunzas, who live high in the Himalaya Mountains, and the Vilcabambans of the Andes Mountains in Ecuador seem to share the secret of long life too.
　　These peoples remain healthy in body and spirit despite the passage of time. While many older persons in industrial societies become weak and ill in their 60s and 70s, some Caucasus people aged 110-140, work in the fields beside their great-great-grandchildren. Even the idea of aging is foreign to them. When asked, “At what age does youth end?” most of these old people had no answer. Several replied, “Well, perhaps at age 80.” The very youngest estimate was age 60.
　　What accounts for this ability to survive (live) to such old age, and to survive so well? First of all, hard physical work is a way of life for all of these long-lived peoples. They began their long days of physical labor as children and never seem to stop. For example, Mr. Rustam is 142 years of age. He remembers his life experience: the Crimean War of 1854; the Turkish War of 1878; the Bolshevik Revolution in 1917. His wife is 116 years old. They have been married for 90 years. Mr. Rustam has no plan of retiring from his life as a farmer. “Why? What else would I do?” he asks. Oh, he’s slowed down a bit. Now he might quit (stop working) for the day after 6 hours in the field instead of 10.
　　All these people get healthful rewards from the environment in which they work. They all come from mountainous regions. They live and work at elevations（海拔）of 5,000 to 12, 000 feet(1,660 to 4,000meters) above sea level. The air has less oxygen and is pollution-free. This reduced oxygen environment makes the heart and blood vessel（血管）system stronger.
　　Another factor（因素）that may lead to the good health of these people is their isolation. To a great extent, they are separated from the pressure（压力）and worries of industrial society.
　　Inherited（遗传的） factors also play some role. Most of the longest-lived peoples had parents and grandparents who also reached very old age. Good family genes may, therefore, be one factor in living longer.
　　Finally, although these three groups don’t eat exactly the same foods, their diets are similar. All of them eat little animal meat. Their diets are full of fresh fruits, vegetables, nuts, grains, cheese and milk. They never eat more food than their bodies need.
　　It is clear that isolation from urban pressure and pollution, clean mountain air, daily hard work, moderate diets, good genes, and a youthful approach to life all lead to the health and remarkable long life of all these people.
【小题1】 What is the main idea of this article?

A．Cause and effect of long-lived life.

B．People in the world enjoying a longer life.

C．Factors leading to the health and long life of people.

D．A description of several societies where people living a long life.

【小题2】 “The idea of aging is foreign to them” means that _________.

A．they don’t care much about their age

B．they have no idea of how old they are

C．they won’t say anything about their age until they are asked to

D．the idea of getting old has never come into their mind

【小题3】 How do you think the writer feels about these long-lived people?

A．He is much impressed with them.

B．He doesn’t care a bit about them.

C．He hopes that they will live a still longer life.

D．He doesn’t think their life is full of pressure and worries.

Jerry Green went to spend a year at the South Pole Station (南极站)as the only doctor in 1998 when she 47. While working at the station that March. she discovered that there was a hard lump (肿块) in her stomach. She knew it was cancer, but she wasn't able to go to a doctor for help. She couldn't leave the station for the next seven until the snow thawed. Dr. Green didn't wait for the death. But decided to fight against the cancer. She tried to about the lump to a hospital in the United States. The doctors said it was cancer. Without the proper wouldn't live for long. Soon a USA airplane came to provide her with some help. She started her own treatments(治疗)after getting instructions from American doctors. She finally spent the long winter there before she returned home that October .Since then, she had become a incubus in support of cancer charities. She also wrote a best-selling book called Ice Bound.
　　 Sadly, Dr. Green's cancer finally returned. She died on June 23.2009.
【小题1】Jerry Green discovered that she bad a bard lump in her stomach in       .

A．March.1998

B．May. 1998

C．June.2009

D．July,2009

【小题2】What does the underlined word" thawed "mean in Chinese?

A．形成

B．堆积

C．融化

D．覆盖

【小题3】When did she start her own treatments?

A．After searching the Internet.

B．After getting instructions from American doctors.

C．After hearing from her paw law

D．After becoming a member in support of cancer charities.

【小题4】Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A．Dr. Green decided to give up the treatments.

B．She sent the information about the lump to a hospital in the United Stales.

C．She wrote a book called Ice Bound.

D．Dr Green died of cancer.

【小题5】What does the writer feel about Dr. Green's death?

A．exciting

B．Happy.

C．Sad

D．Pleased

阅读下面的文字，完成小题（25分）
乡村铁质
刘向民
①乡村是我永远的家园。在我全部的生活中，乡村是最重要的。
②虽然走进了城市，不可能与土地日日肌肤相亲，但我始终以农民的眼光审视乡村。乡村是城市的依托，没有乡村也就没有城市的存在，乡村是城市的母体，城市是乡村的延伸和延续。乡村是狗吠鸡鸣牛哞，是薄薄的晨雾和袅袅的炊烟，一条静静地流淌的小河，茂密的小草尖上晶莹的露珠闪耀着太阳的光彩。乡村的早晨是清新和鲜明的。
③走进田野，就走进了自我。一株株茂盛的高粱、谷子或者玉米，就是我们的兄长。闪着光芒的锄探进植物的根部，根系蔓延，锄的铁质意念就通过异常发达的根系蔓延了整个土地，广阔的原野处处闪耀着铁质的浑厚和沉重，所以我们收获的每一粒粮食、每一季粮食都包含着铁质。铁质沿着血管流动，扎根于我们的每一处神经，我们的脊梁才如此坚挺。
④粮食的存在，使乡村有了存在的充分理由。一茬一茬的庄稼，一茬一茬的人生，在乡村的蓝天下格外亮丽。已经死去多年的大树仍然直直地挺立，黑枯的树干直指青天，乡村中许多的构思和想象缘自树干的启迪。镰刀闪着铁质的锋利，农民的梦想始终与庄稼有关，一头牛与一架犁在土地深处探寻，浑黄或者黝黑的土壤蕴涵着无穷的力量，只要播下种子，幻想就无可阻挡地蓬勃起来了。土地时刻迸发着铁质的响声。
⑤土地养育了庄稼，也养育了整个乡村。乡人们的性格和作为，任何时候都充满着铁质，欢喜时会无所顾忌地畅心大笑，发怒时会打上一架，或者跑到村街上不明不白地骂上一场，悲哀时会痛痛快快淋漓尽致地大哭一场，然后又执著地走进田野，走进劳作，一切都毫无遮遮掩掩。嫉恶如仇，旗帜鲜明，高昂的气概和高亢的声音比得过任何烦琐深奥的说教。他们不怕风，不怕雨，不怕雷鸣；他们饮风露餐，吃得下千般苦，受得住万般罪，他们常说“没有吃不了的苦，没有受不了的罪”。年景的丰歉和日子的辛苦都是岁月的点缀，他们从不怨天尤人，总是日出而作，日落而息。沿着太阳的方向走进田野，走进庄稼地里，走进乡村深处的每一个细节，使乡村的每一刻都充充实实和铿锵有声。哪怕只是一声劳动的号子，也如雷鸣一般响亮；哪怕只是向前迈出一步，也如山一般稳重；哪怕只是一个耕或者种的手势，也都是乡村的经典动作。乡村，处处铁质，铁质处处。
⑥乡村是农民的部落。城里人已经厌烦的事情，乡村还在喜欢或者也早已厌烦，喜欢的是一种没有丢失的乡村质朴，厌烦的是曾经生活在乡村里的城里人的矫作。城里人始终也在吃着乡村的粮食，但缺少了乡村的铁质。铁质似乎已被城里人丢失殆尽。我们是否要寻找乡村的铁质，使乡村铁质在城市里闪烁，应该是我们思考的问题。
⑦乡村是我们生存的依托，也是城市生活的依据，没有了乡村就没有城市。是否有人为城市一天天侵占乡村沾沾自喜呢?如果缺少了乡村，缺少了乡村铁质，我们将会更加颓废，城市也将因此而变的莫名其妙地失去方向。因此，不论生活在乡村还是城市里的人们，都不能忘记永远的乡村铁质，它是我们永远的支撑，我们永远的方向。
【小题1】下列对散文的分析，不正确的两项是(5分) （　　）（　　）

A．文章开篇作者说：“乡村是我永远的家园。在我全部的生活中，乡村是最重要的。”这一行文的好处是开门见山，直接抒发了作者对乡村的热爱之情。

B．在第三段作者运用比喻的手法把高粱、谷子、玉米等农作物比作了自己的兄弟，细致入微地描写了它们正在健康成长的模样。

C．第五段作者运用排比修辞，使文章的行文充满气势，生动地写出了在充满铁质的乡村中生活的农人们旺盛的生命力和他们坚强、直率、质朴的性格。

D．作者用饱含深情的笔墨，描绘了乡村生活的图景以及在乡村中生活着的人们，凸显了乡村“处处铁质，铁质处处”的风貌。

E．乡村是“我”永远的家园，“我”的根在乡村；城市是宁静美好乡村的对立面，让人厌恶，文章处处都有“我”对城市和城市文明的批判。
【小题2】结合全文谈谈乡村具有怎样的意义？作者在行文中着重描写了乡村的土地，有怎样的目的？(6分)
【小题3】谈谈你对文中划线句的理解。(6分)
①只要播下种子，幻想就无可阻挡地蓬勃起来了。（3分）
②走进乡村深处的每一个细节,使乡村的每一刻都充充实实和铿锵有声。(3分)  
【小题4】文章的最后一段有什么作用？文章中的“铁质”具有其特殊的象征意义，根据你对文章的品读，谈谈对“铁质”象征意义的理解。(8分)