Take a look at the label(标签) on almost any bottle of milk and you may see the word PASTEURIZED. What does that mean? Let’s find out by meeting Louis Pasteur.

Louis Pasteur was born in 1822 in a little town in France. As he grew up, he loved to paint. He loved to look at the world around him. When he went to college in Paris, he showed interest in looking through a microscope. A microscope makes things look a lot bigger; it lets you see things you can’t see just with your eyes. Looking through a microscope, Pasteur found a living world in a drop of water. He saw and drew pictures of the small living things -- he called them “microbes” or “germs”-- that crowded in a drop of water.

One day a winemaker came into the lab, hoping that someone could help him with his problem. “Sometimes my wine tastes delicious, but sometimes terrible,” he said to Pasteur. “Can you help me find out why?”

Pasteur put some drops of the wine under the microscope. He noticed that the terrible wine had some unusual germs. If he killed these germs, maybe he could keep the wine from turning terrible. He tried with different ways to kill the germs. In the end he found heating (加热) the wine seemed to work best. The winemaker tried it, and every bottle of wine tasted good.

Pasteur’s idea worked for other people, too. When farmers heated milk, it didn’t turn bad so quickly. When breweries heated beer, it tasted better. People called it “pasteurization” ---heating a liquid to kill bad germs. Aren’t you glad that the milk you drink has been pasteurized?

1. The Chinese meaning for the word “microbes” is____.

2. Which is the right order in Pasteur’s life story?

(1). He received college education in Paris.

(2) He helped to find some unusual germs in some drops of wine.

(3) A new way of killing bad germs--pasteurization was found out.

(4)He was born in 1822 in a little town in France.

(5) Microbes were found by Louis Pasteur with the help of a microscope.

3. What do you think Louis Pasteur was like from the passage?

4.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

5. What does the passage mainly tell us?

Man has invented four kinds of satellites. The first kind of satellites studies the geography of the earth. They are used to make maps. They also help countries to see where they can find oil or gold. The second kind of satellites is used to guide ships and planes. A ship or a plane can send a message to the satellite and the satellite can find out where it is. The third kind of satellites studies the weather. These satellites watch clouds and strong winds moving across the earth. They warn countries to make preparations when very bad weather is coming. They take photos of the earth from miles above it and send the photos to weather stations on the ground.

The last kind is used for communication. Telephone calls between countries can be sent by these satellites. Some can carry hundreds of calls at one time. The call is sent to the satellite and then the satellite sends it to the station in the country which is being phoned. These satellites also carry pictures; they can send about eight programs at a time.

1. If a ship is lost, ___________________, and the satellite will help it.

A. it can send a message to the satellite       B. the captain of the ship call the station

C. it stays there waiting                             D. the satellite will take a photo of it

2. What can’t a satellite do according to the passage?

A. Tell the weather                                  B. Send a message

C. Tell the position                                  D. Show the time

3. Which of the following is true?

A. A satellite can dig out oil and gold.         B. A satellite can stop a plane.

C. A satellite can take pictures.                         D. A satellite can stop storms.

4. Many countries send up satellites into space into space mainly because______.

A. they are helpful                                B. they are fashionable   

C. they show how strong a country is                D. they make the country beautiful

5. Which can be the best title for this passage?

A. Where to find a satellite？                  B. How many kinds of satellites?

C. What can a satellite do?                    D. What is a satellite?

    The first robots were invented in the 1920s. Robots have appeared in many American films .  In some films, they are stronger, faster and cleverer than people .
　　In real life , robots are mainly used in factories. They do some dangerous and difficult jobs for humans.
　　Robots also help disabled people, for example, blind people. Today many blind people have a guide(向导) dog to help them. In the future, guide dogs might be robot dog.
　　One kind of robot guide dog has wheels. It moves in front of the owner. It is very clever. It knows the speed of its owner’s walk. The owner wears a special belt(带子). This belt sends instructions to the owner from the dog, such as “Stop here”, “Turn left” or “Turn right”.
　　In the United States, another kind of robot helps disabled people to take care of themselves in their daily life. The robot hears the sound of its owner’s voice. It follows instructions such as “Turn the page” or “make a cup of coffee”.
　　Robot are also used in American hospitals. They can do simple jobs. At one hospital, for example, a robot takes meals from the kitchen to patient’s rooms. It never gets lost because this robot has a map of the hospital in its computer memory.
　　Though robots can help people in many ways, they will never take the place of humans.
41. From the passage ,  we know robots cannot be_______ .
   A. dangerous animals    B. factory workers    C. guide dogs    D. hospital helpers

42. A robot guide dog_______ .

   A. goes in front of blind people                B. walks side by side with blind people

   C. has a map in its head                      D. helps patients with their meals

43. The underlined word “disabled” means______ .

   A. 不能的               B. 有害的           C. 失灵的        D. 残疾的

44. Some disabled people need robots’ help to _______ .

   A. take care of themselves                     B. talk to other people

   C. become scientists                          D. do dangerous jobs

45. In the passage, the writer wants to tell us that_______ .

   A. robots are stronger and cleverer than humans .

   B. disabled people cannot look after themselves without the robots .

   C. robots will take the place of humans some day in the future .

   D. robots can help humans in many different ways .