Why do we need to throw less away? There are two reasons. One is that some resources（资源）are nonrenewable（不可再生的）. That means there is only a certain amount of that resource in the world. One example of these resources is oil. When we use up all the oil in the world, there will be no more.
There is a second reason for throwing less away. All of our trash has to be put somewhere. Often, it is put into garbage dumps（垃圾场）. Much of that trash will be there for hundreds of years. The dumps ill be filled up with all this trash.
There are three ways to cut down on trash.
One way is to recycle. When you recycle something, it means it is made into another shape and used again. Old newspapers may become paper bags. A glassware can be melted（熔化）and made into a bottle.
Another way to cut down on trash is to reuse things. You can wash and use a bottle again that can hold mustard（芥末酱）or something else.
The third way to cut down on trash is to reduce the amount of trash you make, for example, stopping buying things that you don’t need in the first place. That reduces the amount of the earth’s resources.
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Long long ago, a poor young boy lived in a small village. Every afternoon, he walked around the village selling his cooking oil to make money. He carried the   1  in a small wooden basin(盆).

After he sold out his oil, he was very tired. He thought that he  2  a rest.

He left his wooden basin on a stone, put the money in it and   3  asleep. About two hours later, he woke up. He looked into the basin and found that his money  4  gone.

He went at once to see a judge(法官). The judge listened to the boy’s story very   5 . She thought for a while and then said to the man in her office,“  6  and get all the villagers here.”

When all the villagers came, she said that everyone should put a coin into a pail(桶) of water. About half of the people  7  their coins into the water before a young man came up. He also put his coin into the water. “Wait a minute,” the judge said, “You stole the boy’s money,  8 ?” The young man’s face   9  red. “Yes-yes-yes,” he said, “But how did you know that?” The judge explained, “You see, after you put your coin into the water, some oil came up to the top. Your money must   10  from the oil basin. Am I right?”

As many as 10 of the 17 kinds of penguins（企鹅）may be in danger of disappearing. The number of penguins have decreased(减少) by 30% since 1987.
　　Penguins are black and white birds that live in the southern part of the world. They are common in South America，New Zealand，Australia and South Africa. Many live near cold waters. But some live near warm waters in Galapagos Islands. Penguins cannot fly，but they are fine swimmers. Penguins eat fish and krill(磷虾).
　　The warming of the earth is the decrease in penguin populations. The heating of the air has caused ocean waters to become warmer. Higher water temperatures have reduced the supply of fish and krill. Some years later these birds are completely unable to reproduce(繁殖).　 Besides，many adult penguins die of hunger.
　　Widespread(广泛的) fishing，exploration for oil and oil leaks(漏) also make penguins be in danger. Poisonous organisms(生物) in ocean water are another danger. Penguins also have their enemies，including wild dogs，sharks，seals and sea lions.
　　News about penguins is not all bad，however. Several years ago，oil leaking from a ship hurt 40% of the penguins in South Africa. The penguins became covered with oil. But thousands of people helped clean and treat the birds well. Then they returned the penguins to the wild.　 Now these South African penguins are reproducing in higher numbers than before the oil leaking.
【小题1】Penguins ___________.

Oil is so important that it is sometimes called “black gold”. Almost half our energy ?? from oil. We use it to run our cars and factories and to ?? our homes, offices and schools. Many everyday things are made from oil. Your shirt may have oil in the material(材料). The soap you ?? your hands with might also be made from oil. Children’s plastic toys are made from oil.

??? Oil is? ?? to find, because it is deep under the earth. Today, however, we have many ?? to find oil. One tool measures(测量) the pull of gravity(重力). Places where gravity is weaker are more likely to have oil. ?? tool measures sound waves. Sound waves travel ?? different kinds of rocks at different speeds. We can use ?? to find the rocks that have oil in them.

We need ? ?? oil, and we are using up the oil wells(井) we know about. ?? we must find new ways of looking for this “black gold”. Can you do anything for it?

1.A. goes? ???? B. comes??? ? C. leaves ????????????? ?? D. stays???????

2.A. design? ?? B. protect ????????????? ??? C. heat?? ????? D. hot

3.A. wash? ??? B. put? ????????????? ??? C. dry? ??????? D. touch?????????????

4.A. easy? ??? B. important?? C. interesting? ? D. hard

5.A. ways? ??? B. roads? ???? C. streets? ???? D. bridges?????????

6.A. Any other? B. Other ????? C. Another ??? D. The other

7.A. to? ????? B. from?? ???? C. at?? ?????? D. through???????? ???

8.A. them? ?? B. it?? ??????? C. one?? ????? D. that

9.A. little? ?? B. a lot of ????? C. many? ??? D. a few??????????

10.A. Or?? ?? B. But?? ????? C. So? ??????? D. Also

Albert was an ordinary worker in an oil company in America. His workmates gave a nickname（绰号）“Four dollars a bucket of oil” below his name whenever and wherever he wrote down his name.
As time went by, people forgot his real name. Later, when Rockefeller, the board chairman(董事长)of the oil company, heard of it, he was very surprised, so he invited Albert to come to his office.
“Some people give you a nickname for ‘Four dollars a bucket’. Why aren’t you angry?” asked Rockefeller with some puzzlement in his eyes.
“Oh! Mr. Rockefeller! I like this nickname very much, because ‘Four dollars a bucket’ is our company’s advertisement. As long as someone calls me‘ Four dollars a bucket’ once, I think it’s free advertisement for our company. It’s not necessary for me to get angry. Don’t you think so , Mr. Rockefeller?”
“Oh! What a wonderful man!” Rockefeller said excitedly when hearing Albert’s words “Young man! Work harder, you must be successful in the future! I believe in you!”
Five years later, Albert became the second board chairman after Rockefeller.
Later Albert said in one of his reports, “I don’t think we should feel frustrated when we have no way to do the world-shaking things. We should treat every thing actively because maybe our future success will begin from a small thing!”
【小题1】What was Albert in The oil company at the beginning?