The human brain weighs about 1.4 kilograms, but it can hold much more information than most computers. However, there is another difference between humans and computers. Computers don't forget information they are given, but humans often do. No one remembers everything, and luckily we don't usually have to. But everyone can improve their memory if they want to. Here are some suggestions.
◆Try to use new information immediately. For example, if you meet someone who says “Hi! I'm Carlos,” don't just say “Hello.” Repeat the person's name. Say“__________”.
◆Break a big number into smaller parts. For example, it's hard to memorize (记忆) 109244153. But if you break it into three parts--109/244/153—it becomes easier.
◆Write out what you need to remember over and over again. This will help you keep it in mind longer, especially for memorizing formulas (公式) or facts.
◆Always review information. If you bring what you've learned back to your mind, they become easier to remember. For example, before you go to sleep, it’s a good idea to review the new things you learned that day.
◆Discuss with a friend. It is always easier to remember things through discussions. You can have a discussion about what’s right and what's wrong, and it will lead to the right answer.
◆Never tell yourself that you have a bad memory. You can always do something to help improve your memory. And everyone's memory gets better if they use it often enough.
All of the suggestions are helpful. If you follow them, you are certain to improve your memory.
【小题1】Which should be put in the blank (空格) in Paragraph 2？

A．Hello, Carlos.	B．How do you do?
C．Hello, I am Sophia.	D．Glad to meet you!

【小题2】How many suggestions are mentioned in the passage?

A．Three.

B．Four.

C．Five.

D．Six.

【小题3】What can help memorize a big number more easily according to the passage?

A．To store it in a computer.	B．To break it into stunner parts.
C．To discuss it with a friend.	D．To review it before you sleep.

【小题4】What does the sentence “Never tell yourself that you have a bad memory” mean?

A．You should tell others about your bad memory.

B．You should believe in other people all the time.

C．You should ask others to improve their memory.

D．You should be confident in your memory ability.

【小题5】Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A．Discussing with friends can help you remember things.

B．Always reviewing information can help you fall asleep.

C．Formulas and facts can help you learn about your brain.

D．Human beings can improve their memory by computer.

Nobody likes making mistakes. But, no one is perfect. If you can learn from mistakes correctly, they can move you forward. Therefore, we should analyse how you can learn from them.

If you have made mistakes that harm other people, it is important to offer a sincere apology (道歉)in person. A good apology will likely make the other person forgive you. If you refuse to apologize, the person hurt by you will hold it against you.

If you go through life afraid to make a mistake, you will spend most of you life doing nothing. There is no harm in making mistakes; it is an essential part of going forward. The more duties you take, the more likely you will make mistakes.

Unluckily, it is our natural instinct（本能） to justify（为……辩解） our actions. When you make a mistake, you will first blame someone else. When mistakes are made, the boss is unlikely to be interested in justifications. Sometimes it is best to say, very simply--yes, I made a mistake.

Mistakes happen for various reasons. To avoid（避免）repeating them, you need to understand the main reason. For example, you may have made a mistake by saying some unkind words. If you make mistakes because you are tired, try to get more sleep; if you are stressed, look at ways to relax and keep away from the stress of work.

You should avoid feeling guilty about making mistakes, but at the same time, you should make a decision to learn from them. If you repeat the same mistakes, it shows you aren’t making progress and they cause repeating suffering. Often mistakes are caused by bad habits. To avoid making the same mistakes you need to break these bad habits. The sooner, the better.

How to earn from mistakes
Advice	Contexts
Say sorry___1.__	A sincere face-to-face apology helps him___2.___ you.
Don’t be a perfectionist(完美主义者).	It is __3.___that people make mistakes. A person who takes more duties will make ___4.___ mistakes.
Don’t ___5.___ time trying to justify mistakes.	When a mistake is ___6.___, you’d better admit it rather than blame it on someone else.
Understand___7.___the mistake happened.	You may say some unkind words to other people. Find the right ___8.___ and try to avoid the same mistake.
Avoid ___9.___ the same mistakes.	__10.___ your bad habits as soon as possible.

 

 

Sometimes, even the best friends have fights. They disagree with each other and begin to argue. Sometimes, they even stop talking to each other. What can be done to help the two friends make up? Finding a good friend who knows both of them very well to be a peacemaker is a good way. Maybe one day you will be a peacemaker for your good friends. Here are some useful communication strategies for you to use.

State your feelings clearly but don’t criticize them. Begin with “I feel” instead of “You always…”.

Don’t stop or finish the other person’s sentences.

Listen carefully to what the other person is saying. Try to see the other person’s side of the disagreement.

Look the other person in the eyes when you are talking.

Ask questions to make sure that you understand them.

Repeat the other person’s ideas as you understand them.

Never put anyone down. Saying things like “You’re stupid” makes communication difficult.

Try to find a solution that makes the two friends happy. Never decide who is right and who is wrong. Instead, help them to find their own “win-win” solution. A “win-win” solution allows each of them to feel good. In this way, their friendship can be continued.

1.Which of the following is the suitable language for a peacemaker?

A. “I feel …”           B. “You always…”        C. “You are stupid.” D. “You are wrong.”

2.How should the peacemaker behave when talking with the two friends?

    A. Stop the other person’s sentences in time.      

B. Repeat his own ideas to make himself understood.

    C. Listen to the other person carefully and ask some questions.

    D. Don’t look at the other when you are talking.

3.What does the phrase “put anyone down” mean in the article?

    A. 令人失望         B. 提醒人           C. 把人放下         D. 羞辱人

4.How do you understand a “win-win” solution?

    A. It is a way that helps make new friends.

    B. It is a way that makes both people pleased.

    C. It is a way that tells who is right and who is wrong.

    D. It is a way to understand a person.

 

The human brain weighs about 1.4 kilograms, but it can hold much more information than most computers. However, there is another difference between humans and computers. Computers don't forget information they are given, but humans often do. No one remembers everything, and luckily we don't usually have to. But everyone can improve their memory if they want to. Here are some suggestions.

◆Try to use new information immediately. For example, if you meet someone who says “Hi! I'm Carlos,” don't just say “Hello.” Repeat the person's name. Say“__________”.

◆Break a big number into smaller parts. For example, it's hard to memorize (记忆) 109244153. But if you break it into three parts--109/244/153—it becomes easier.

◆Write out what you need to remember over and over again. This will help you keep it in mind longer, especially for memorizing formulas (公式) or facts.

◆Always review information. If you bring what you've learned back to your mind, they become easier to remember. For example, before you go to sleep, it’s a good idea to review the new things you learned that day.

◆Discuss with a friend. It is always easier to remember things through discussions. You can have a discussion about what’s right and what's wrong, and it will lead to the right answer.

◆Never tell yourself that you have a bad memory. You can always do something to help improve your memory. And everyone's memory gets better if they use it often enough.

All of the suggestions are helpful. If you follow them, you are certain to improve your memory.

1.Which should be put in the blank (空格) in Paragraph 2？

A. Hello, Carlos.                                                    B. How do you do?  

C. Hello, I am Sophia.                                              D. Glad to meet you!

2.How many suggestions are mentioned in the passage?

A. Three.         B. Four.             C. Five.             D. Six.

3.What can help memorize a big number more easily according to the passage?

A. To store it in a computer.               B. To break it into stunner parts.

C. To discuss it with a friend.             D. To review it before you sleep.

4.What does the sentence “Never tell yourself that you have a bad memory” mean?

A. You should tell others about your bad memory.

B. You should believe in other people all the time.

C. You should ask others to improve their memory.

D. You should be confident in your memory ability.

5.Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A. Discussing with friends can help you remember things.

B. Always reviewing information can help you fall asleep.

C. Formulas and facts can help you learn about your brain.

D. Human beings can improve their memory by computer.

 

根据短文内容，选择正确最佳答案。

American Classroom Rules

1. If the teacher asks a question, you should give an answer. If you do not understand the question, you should put up your hand and ask the teacher to repeat the question. If you don’t know the answer, it’s all right to tell the teacher that you don’t know. Then he or she knows what you need to learn.

2. There is no excuse for not doing your homework. If you can not go to school, you should call your teacher or your classmate and ask for the homework. It is your responsibility（责任）to find out what homework you have missed. It is not the teacher’s job to remind you of missed homework.

3. You must not be absent(缺席) on a test day. If you are badly ill, call and let the teacher know you will not be there for the test. If your teacher allows you to take a makeup, you should take the test within one or two days after you return to class. Bad illness is the only reason for missing a test.

4. Be on time! It’s not polite to be late. Also, it bothers other students. If you must come in late, be sure to do it quietly. Have your books out of your bag before you come into the classroom. Then go to your seat and sit quietly. In the US, it is not necessary to knock at the door before you come into the classroom. 

1.If you can not go to school, __________.

        A. the teacher will remind you of the homework

B. the teacher will call you to tell you what your homework is

C. you should find out what your homework is

D. you don’t have to do your homework

2.If you are badly ill, _________.

        A. you can’t be absent on a test day

B. you should take the test within one or two days

C. you should let your teacher know that you will be there for the test

D. you can miss the test

3.In the US, __________ if you are late.

        A. it’s all right to come into the classroom without knocking at the door

B. take your books out of your bag after you come into the classroom

C. it’s not necessary to keep quiet when you enter the classroom

D. it’s not polite to knock at the door

4.The underlined word “make up” in the 3rd paragraph means _______.

        A. 化妆         B. 编造         C. 组成         D. 补考

5.The main idea of the passage is ________.

        A. that you should answer the teacher’s questions in class

B. that you have the responsibility to do your homework

C. the rules you should follow as an American student

D. that it’s polite to be on time for class