Living in a foreign culture can be exciting, but it can also be confusing(令人迷惑的). A group of Americans who taught English in other countries recently discussed their experiences. They decided that miscommunications(沟通误解)were always possible, even over something as simple as “yes” and “no”.
On her first day in Micronesia, an island in the Pacific(太平洋), Lisa thought people weren’t paying any attention to her. The day was hot. She went into a store and asked, “Do you have cold drinks?” The woman there didn’t say anything. Lisa repeated the question. Still the woman said nothing. She later learned that the woman had answered her: She had raised her eyebrows(眉毛)，which in Micronesia means “yes”.
Jan remembered an experience she had in Bulgaria, a country in Europe. She went to a restaurant that was famous for its cabbage. She asked the waiter, “Do you have cabbage today?” He nodded his head. Jan waited, but the cabbage never came. In that country, a nod means “no”.
Tom had a similar problem when arrived in India. After explaining something in class, he asked his students if they understood. They answered with many different nods and shakes of the head. He thought some people had not understood, so he explained again. When he asked again, they did the same thing. He soon found out that his students did understand. In India, people nod and shake their heads in different ways depending on(依据)where they come from. You have to know where a person is from to understand whether they mean “yes” or “no”.
【小题1】The Americans teaching English in other countries found that they      .

A．should go abroad for vacations

B．needed to learn foreign languages

C．should often discuss their experiences

D．had problems with communications

【小题2】People in Micronesia show “yes” by          .

A．nodding heads

B．raising eyebrows

C．shaking heads

D．saying “no”

【小题3】Tom misunderstood（误解） his class at first because           .

A．he did not know much about Indian culture

B．he didn’t explain everything clearly enough

C．some students didn’t understand his questions

D．he didn’t know where the students came from

【小题4】Which of the following is TRUE according to this passage?

A．In Bulgaria, nodding heads means “no”.

B．Jan taught English on a Pacific island.

C．Lisa was trying to buy some cabbage.

D．In India, only shaking heads means “yes”.

【小题5】The passage is mainly about          .

A．body language in foreign restaurants

B．class discussion in India schools

C．miscommunication in different cultures

D．English teaching in other countries

In the 1920s and 30s the airlines were just beginning. It was unusual for people to travel by air because it was expensive and dangerous. In those days, there were no flight attendants to look after the passengers. Young men ,or “stewards” helped the passengers onto the airplane and carried the passengers’ luggage(行李)but they did not provide food and drinks. But then in 1930,a woman called Ellen Church invented the “stewardess”.

Ellen Church was born in 1904 on a farm in Iowa. She was a different child. She didn’t want to work on a farm or marry a farmer —she wanted a more adventurous(冒险的)life. Ellen studied to be a nurse at the University of Minnesota and then got a job in a hospital. For the next few years she stayed at the hospital but also took flying lessons and got her pilot’s license.

Ellen was twenty-five years old when she first got in touch with Boeing Air Transport. She loved flying but she understood that airlines were a man’s world. Although women like Emelia Earheart were becoming famous, she realized it was impossible for a woman to have a career as a pilot .But she had another idea. Most people were frightened of flying because. flying was still an unreliable(不可靠的) way to travel. There were often delays(延误),many crashes and the bad weathers made many passengers sick. Ellen thought nurses could take care of passengers during flights and B.A.T. agreed.

The young woman from Iowa and seven other nurses became the first air stewardesses.

At first pilots were unhappy because they did not want stewardesses on airplanes, but passengers loved the stewardesses. In 1940 there were around 1000 of them working for different airlines. The early “stewardesses” had to be under twenty-five-year-old, single and slim. When a woman joined an airline, she had to promise not to get married or have children. It was hard job and not well paid. They worked long hours and earned ＄1 an hour.

In the 1970s, stewardesses were unhappy in their job and airlines had to make some changes. Since the 1970s, “stewardesses” have been called flight attendants. They are well paid and work fewer hours than in the past.

1.The last sentence of the first paragraph suggests that _________.

A．the word “stewardess” was made up by Ellen Church

B．Ellen Church was the first woman who flew a plane

C．Ellen Church was the first woman who worked on a plane

D．Ellen Church was the first woman passenger on a plane

2.From the second paragraph, we learn that ________.

A．Ellen did not behave in the same way as most as other girls

B．Ellen’s family was not rich enough to support her education

C．Ellen was fond of working as a nurse in the hospital

D．Ellen has an unhappy childhood that changed her completely

3.The main reason for Boeing Air Transport offering Ellen the job was ________.

A．her flying experience                    B．her university education

C．her nursing experience                   D．her life attitudes

4.According to the passage, in the 1940s a woman had to ________ if she wanted to be a stewardess.

A．be a nurse         B．be married        C．be a mother       D．be young

5.The passage mainly talks about _______.

A．the background of early flying pilots         B．the experience of flying passengers

C．the history of early flight attendants         D．the development of airplanes

 

Once there was a man traveling in a faraway village. As he was passing the elephants, he suddenly stopped. He found that these huge elephants were being held by only a small rope tied to their front leg. No chains(锁链)， no cages. It was clear that the elephants could, at any time, break away from their ropes but for some reason, they did not.
He saw a trainer nearby and asked why these animals just stood there and didn’t try to get away. “Well,” the trainer said, “when they are very young and much smaller we use the same size rope to tie them and, at that rage, it’s enough to hold them. As they grow up, they still believe they cannot break away. They believe the rope can hold them, so they never try to break free.”
How could it be? These animals could at any time break free from their ropes. But because they always stuck right where they were, they believed they couldn’t.
Just like the elephants, how many of us go through life believing that we cannot do something, just because we failed at it once before?
___________________. We should never give up the struggle(挣扎) in life.
根据材料内容选择正确答案。
【小题1】 What did the writer see in the village?

A．Chains

B．Elephants

C．Cages

D．Farmers

【小题2】Why do the elephants never try up to break free from the ropes?

A．Because they think they can not.

B．Because they are too old to do it.

C．Because they like their living places.

D．Because they get on well with the trainer.

【小题3】How did the man feel after he heard what the trainer said?

A．Moved	B．Surprised
C．Angry	D．Nervous

【小题4】Which of the following is the missing part in the last paragraph?

A．Failing is part of learning.

B．We should be different from others.

C．Helping animals is helping ourselves.

D．Traveling always makes people relaxed.

【小题5】What is the best title for this test?

A．Pleasant trip	B．A Cruel Trainer
C．Elephant Training	D．The Elephant Rope

—Did they clean the house yesterday afternoon?

—______. They cleaned it this morning. 

A．No, they don’t	B．Yes, they did
C．No, they didn’t	D．Yes, they do