In the Caucasus region（高加索地区）, nearly 50 out of every 100,000 people live to celebrate their 100^th birthday, and many don’t stop at 100! By comparison, in America only 3 people in 100,000 reach 100. But these Caucasus people aren’t alone. The Pakistani Hunzas, who live high in the Himalaya Mountains, and the Vilcabambans of the Andes Mountains in Ecuador seem to share the secret of long life too.

　　These peoples remain healthy in body and spirit despite the passage of time. While many older persons in industrial societies become weak and ill in their 60s and 70s, some Caucasus people aged 110-140, work in the fields beside their great-great-grandchildren. Even the idea of aging is foreign to them. When asked, “At what age does youth end?” most of these old people had no answer. Several replied, “Well, perhaps at age 80.” The very youngest estimate was age 60.

　　What accounts for this ability to survive (live) to such old age, and to survive so well? First of all, hard physical work is a way of life for all of these long-lived peoples. They began their long days of physical labor as children and never seem to stop. For example, Mr. Rustam is 142 years of age. He remembers his life experience: the Crimean War of 1854; the Turkish War of 1878; the Bolshevik Revolution in 1917. His wife is 116 years old. They have been married for 90 years. Mr. Rustam has no plan of retiring from his life as a farmer. “Why? What else would I do?” he asks. Oh, he’s slowed down a bit. Now he might quit (stop working) for the day after 6 hours in the field instead of 10.

　　All these people get healthful rewards from the environment in which they work. They all come from mountainous regions. They live and work at elevations（海拔）of 5,000 to 12, 000 feet(1,660 to 4,000meters) above sea level. The air has less oxygen and is pollution-free. This reduced oxygen environment makes the heart and blood vessel（血管）system stronger.

　　Another factor（因素）that may lead to the good health of these people is their isolation. To a great extent, they are separated from the pressure（压力）and worries of industrial society.

　　Inherited（遗传的） factors also play some role. Most of the longest-lived peoples had parents and grandparents who also reached very old age. Good family genes may, therefore, be one factor in living longer.

　　Finally, although these three groups don’t eat exactly the same foods, their diets are similar. All of them eat little animal meat. Their diets are full of fresh fruits, vegetables, nuts, grains, cheese and milk. They never eat more food than their bodies need.

　　It is clear that isolation from urban pressure and pollution, clean mountain air, daily hard work, moderate diets, good genes, and a youthful approach to life all lead to the health and remarkable long life of all these people.

1. What is the main idea of this article?

A．Cause and effect of long-lived life.

B．People in the world enjoying a longer life.

C．Factors leading to the health and long life of people.

D．A description of several societies where people living a long life.

2. “The idea of aging is foreign to them” means that _________.

A．they don’t care much about their age

B．they have no idea of how old they are

C．they won’t say anything about their age until they are asked to

D．the idea of getting old has never come into their mind

3. How do you think the writer feels about these long-lived people?

A．He is much impressed with them.

B．He doesn’t care a bit about them.

C．He hopes that they will live a still longer life.

D．He doesn’t think their life is full of pressure and worries.

In the Caucasus region（高加索地区）, nearly 50 out of every 100,000 people live to celebrate their 100^th birthday, and many don’t stop at 100! By comparison, in America only 3 people in 100,000 reach 100. But these Caucasus people aren’t alone. The Pakistani Hunzas, who live high in the Himalaya Mountains, and the Vilcabambans of the Andes Mountains in Ecuador seem to share the secret of long life too.
　　These peoples remain healthy in body and spirit despite the passage of time. While many older persons in industrial societies become weak and ill in their 60s and 70s, some Caucasus people aged 110-140, work in the fields beside their great-great-grandchildren. Even the idea of aging is foreign to them. When asked, “At what age does youth end?” most of these old people had no answer. Several replied, “Well, perhaps at age 80.” The very youngest estimate was age 60.
　　What accounts for this ability to survive (live) to such old age, and to survive so well? First of all, hard physical work is a way of life for all of these long-lived peoples. They began their long days of physical labor as children and never seem to stop. For example, Mr. Rustam is 142 years of age. He remembers his life experience: the Crimean War of 1854; the Turkish War of 1878; the Bolshevik Revolution in 1917. His wife is 116 years old. They have been married for 90 years. Mr. Rustam has no plan of retiring from his life as a farmer. “Why? What else would I do?” he asks. Oh, he’s slowed down a bit. Now he might quit (stop working) for the day after 6 hours in the field instead of 10.
　　All these people get healthful rewards from the environment in which they work. They all come from mountainous regions. They live and work at elevations（海拔）of 5,000 to 12, 000 feet(1,660 to 4,000meters) above sea level. The air has less oxygen and is pollution-free. This reduced oxygen environment makes the heart and blood vessel（血管）system stronger.
　　Another factor（因素）that may lead to the good health of these people is their isolation. To a great extent, they are separated from the pressure（压力）and worries of industrial society.
　　Inherited（遗传的） factors also play some role. Most of the longest-lived peoples had parents and grandparents who also reached very old age. Good family genes may, therefore, be one factor in living longer.
　　Finally, although these three groups don’t eat exactly the same foods, their diets are similar. All of them eat little animal meat. Their diets are full of fresh fruits, vegetables, nuts, grains, cheese and milk. They never eat more food than their bodies need.
　　It is clear that isolation from urban pressure and pollution, clean mountain air, daily hard work, moderate diets, good genes, and a youthful approach to life all lead to the health and remarkable long life of all these people.
【小题1】 What is the main idea of this article?

One day，a poor boy 1 was trying to pay his way through school by selling goods door to door found that he only had one dime left．He was hungry so he decided to beg 2 at the next house．

    However，he lost his nerve when a lovely young woman opened the door．3 a meal he asked for a drink of water．She thought he 4  so she brought him a large glass of milk．He drank it slowly，and then asked,“How much do I  5 you?”   

  “You don’t owe(欠)me 6!”，she replied．“Mother has taught me never to accept pay for a kindness．”He said，“Then I thank you from the bottom of my heart．”As Howard Kelly left that house，he 7 felt stronger physically，but it also increased his faith in God and the human race. He was about to give up and quit before this point．

8 the young woman became seriously i11．The local doctors were no idea．They finally sent her to the big city，where specialists(专家)can be called in to study her disease．Dr．Howard Kelly，now famous was called in for the consultation(会诊)．When he 9 the name of the town she 10，a strange tight filled his yes．Immediately，he rose and went down through the hospital hail into her room．

    11 in his doctor’s clothes he went in to see her．He recognized her at once．He went back to the consultation room and 12 do his best to save her life．From that day on，he gave 13 her case．

    After a long struggle，the battle was won．Dr．Kelly ask the business office to pass the final bill to him．He looked at it and then wrote something on the side．The bill 14 her room．She was afraid to open it because she 15 that it would take the rest of her life to pay it off．Finally she looked，and the note on the side of the bill caught her attention．She read these words…

   “Paid in full with a glass of milk．”

    (Signed)Dr．Howard Kelly

    Tears of joy flooded her eyes as she prayed(祈祷)silently：“Thank You，God．Your love has spread through human hearts and hands．”

1．A．which        B．who             C．whose              D．whom

2．A．for a meal   B．for some water  C．for some milk      D．for some money

3．A．With         B．Without         C．Instead of         D．Besides

4．A．1ooked happy B．1ooked hungry   C．1ooked angry       D．felt thirsty

5．A．pay          B．pay for         C．ask for            D．spend on

6．A．something    B．neither         C．nothing            D．some things

7．A．not only     B．neither         C．suddenly           D．really

8．A．Afar that    B．Since then      C．Years later      D．From then on

9．A．1istened to  B．heard           C．wrote            D．told

10．A．1eft         B．1ives in        C．was born         D．came from

11．A．Wore         B．Put             C．Dressed          D．With

12．A．made a decision                 B．made up his mind

C．decided to                      D．agreed to

13．A．special attention to            B．some money to 

C．something to                    D．great interest in

14．A．sent to      B．was sent to     C．post to          D．was e-mailed to

15．A．didn’t believe    B．did sure  C．was believed     D．was sure