Have you ever heard an echo of your voice?

An echo is a reflected(反射)sound. Stand in a very large, empty hall with nothing on the walls. Then shout. The sounds you make will hit the walls and come back to you. The walls reflect the sounds. These reflected sounds are called “echoes”.

We can use reflected sound to make sound travel farther. Hold a watch about fifty centimeters from your ear. You cannot hear it. The sound of the watch travels a short way in all directions. It does not travel as far as your ear. You can make it travel to your ear by using a roll of cardboard(纸板筒).

Make the roll of cardboard about fifty centimeters long. Put one end over your ear and hold the watch at the other. Now you can hear the watch because the sound has not gone in all directions. It is reflected down the roll to your ear.

A megaphone(喇叭筒)works in the same way. It makes sound travel farther. It reflects the sound into a beam which can travel a long way. In the ship, the sailor uses the megaphone to make his voice travel. Without the megaphone, his voice cannot travel far.

We use reflected sound in many ways. We use it to measure the depth of the sea, for example. Among the animals, bats and whales use reflected sound to tell them where they are and what things are near them.

1. Which is the right order of hearing our echo in a very large, empty hall?

a. We hear the reflected sound       b. The sound returns to us  

c. The sound hits the walls          d. We make a sound

2.. From the text we learn that __________ .

3. If you haven’t got a megaphone, ____ will help you to make your voice travel farther.

If you get into the forest with your friends, stay with them always. If you don’t, you may get lost. If you really get lost, this is what you should do. Sit down and stay where you are. Don’t try to find your friends—let them find you by staying in one place.

　　There is another way to help your friends or other nearby people to find you. Give them a signal (信号) by shouting or whistling (吹口哨) three times. Any signal given three times is a call for help.

　　Keep up shouting or whistling always three times together. When people hear you, they will know that you are not just making noise for fun. They will let you know that they have heard your signal. They give you two shouts, two whistles, or two gun-shots (枪声). When someone gives you a signal, it is an answer to a call for help.

　　If you don’t think that you will get help before night comes, try to make a little house---cover up to the holes with branches (树枝) with lots of leaves. Make yourself a soft bed with leaves and grass.

　　What should you do if you get hungry or need drinking water? You would have to leave your little house to look for a river. Don’t just walk away. Pick off small branches and drop them as you walk so that you can find your way back. The most important thing to do when you are lost is—stay in one place.

1.If you lost in the forest, you should _______.

A. stay where you are and give signals three times

B. walk around the forest and shout so that your friends could hear you

C. try to find your friends as soon as possible

D. try to get out of the forest and shout for help

2.If you want to let people believe that you are not just making noise for fun, you should _____________.

A. tell people that you are lost?????

B. keep up shouting or whistling

C. shout at the top of your voice????

D. shout or whistle three times

3.When you hear two shouts, or whistles, or gunshots, __________.

A. you should shout more loudly??????

B. you can whistle three times

C. it is an answer to your call for help??

D. you should try to run to them

4.When you want to leave your place to get drinking water, you should ________.

A. just go to the river

B. find some glasses or bottles before you go

C. make a fire so that you can have some tea

D. leave marks so that you can find your way back

5.This passage mainly tells you __________.

A. when you hear a signal always three times, it is a call for help

B. What you should do if you get lost in a forest

C. any signal given twice means an answer to a call for help

D. how you can live longer in a forest

配对阅读。左栏是对5个学生做演讲时存在问题的描述，请在右栏为每个学生选择一个合适的建议，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。

Tony is reading an advertisement in a magazine.  It is about different evening classes or weekend classes.
The Learning Centre, Garden City
We have evening and weekend courses on ...
test preparation            friends and meeting people
jobs and making money     cooking and language learning
Some of this month's courses:
1. Get good grades!
Do you forget information and do poorly on tests? In this course, learn to...
※ remember more (95 percent of what you read).
※ think quickly and read fast (400 words per minute!).
※ do well on tests and get high scores.
2. Find true love...today!
Are you single and shy? Is it hard for you to talk to people?
In this course, learn to...
talk to people; start a conversation with a man or woman.
be more friendly and outgoing.
※ understand a person's body language.
3. You are on TV!
Many actors get their start in television. You can too! In this course, learn to...
※ act in TV ads.
※ use your voice on the radio.
※ get TV and radio jobs.
4. Cook delicious and healthy food!
Are you interested in cooking? Do you want to keep healthy? In this course, learn to...
※ keep a balanced diet.
※ cook delicious traditional Chinese food.
※ make western-style food. This course is also online al www. dffh. net. cn.
【小题1】In the Learning Center, you won't learn how to______.

Saying no can be very difficult. People who are very shy often have little confidence. They think that they have to meet everyone’s need. It is very hard for them to say no. they sometimes feel shy if they say no, but doing things that they don’t want to will make them unhappy.

A simple and direct “No” is the best way. If you want to explain, you can keep it simple. Just say, “No, I’ve already made plans for this time” or, “Sorry, I’m afraid I’m not free at that time.”

Other ways of saying no:

▲  I can’t do this right now.

▲  No, but thank for asking.

▲  Please accept that I cannot come.

▲  I’d rather not.

To say no you should:

▲  Start the sentence with the word no.

▲  Shake your head when you say no to make sure they understand. Your voice should be clear and direct. Keep eye contact.

If someone makes a request, it is necessary to ask for time to think it over. The decision should be up to you, but sometimes it is difficult to say no. You can try to reply in the following way:

“Sorry. I would have taken care of your cat next weekend, but I will be going out. I know it will be hard to find someone to take care of the cat. I will try to help you next time.” Remember  that: you have the right to say no!

1.What does the writer encourage us to do?

2.How many ways of saying no are mentioned in the passage?

3.Who has a hard time saying no?

4.When you say no, what should you do as well?

5.If you want to refuse someone’s request, what will you say?