启蒙运动中的“自由”“平等”等要求，实质上反映了    

A．封建专制统治的腐朽和黑暗	B．发展商品经济和对自由劳动力的要求
C．封建统治陷入了全面的危机	D．封建教会的权威地位业已动摇

The little boy _______ （摇动） the bottle to see if there was some water in it.

The idea of what shaking(摇动) the head means is not always the same in different countries. Maybe some visitors would be surprised when they first came to India. When they talked to an Indian, he would often shake his head. The visitors might think that the India did not like what they said. But, in fact, they would be completely（完全地）wrong.

Indians always shake their heads when they talk to others. It does not have the same meaning as our “No”. If someone wants to visit India, he should know this, or it will give him some trouble.

One day, a foreign officer went to India on business. He hired（雇用）a car and an Indian to drive it. When he told his driver to send him to his office,  the Indian shook his head again. At last the officer got angry. “How dare you refuse（拒绝）my order?” he shouted: Drive me to my office at once!”

The driver answered in quite loud voice, too “Yes, sir!” But to the officer’s surprise, the driver shook his head at the same time. The car started, and the foreign officer was now too surprised to say a word. He thought  about it for a while, and he nodded（点头）with a smile, “No means Yes here.”

(     ) 1. An Indian would shake his head when _______

A.      he didn’t want to do anything

B.      he agreed with others

C.      he talked to others

D.     other people were wrong

(     ) 2. The foreign officer was surprised that _______

A.      the driver could not understand him

B.      the driver refused his order

C.      the driver drove him to another place

D.     the driver shook his head as he said “Yes”

(     ) 3. The sentence “No means Yes here” means “_______”

A.      In India the words Yes and No have the same meaning

B.      Indians don’t say No when they don’t agree with each other

C.      There is no difference between Yes and No

D.     We shake our heads to say No, not Yes as Indians do

(    ) 4. India is _______

A.      a developed （发达的）country

B.      in America

C.      next to Australia

D.     to the southwest of China

 (    ) 5. Which of the following sentences isn’t true?

A.      Shaking the head doesn’t always have the same meaning in different countries.

B.      When an Indian shakes his head, he really means Yes.

C.      In India the word No means Yes.

D.    In India shaking the head means No.

People like to say：“The hand that rocks(摇动)the cradle(摇篮)rules the world．”Or theysay：“Behind every successful man，there is a woman．”
Now some women still like making their husbands and sons successful．But some women want more for themselves．They want to be successful as men．
Today the best jobs are still given to men．Even when women do the same work，they are often paid less than men．Some women want these things changed．They want to stand beside the men，with the same chances for success．
Now many American women are earning money outside their homes．More than half of the women at the age of eighteen to sixty-five have good jobs．In general，working women have more education than those who stay at home．
Among women with jobs，eight out of ten drive a car to work，and most of them often spend their holidays away from home．They like traveling by air．Women’s work has made several changes in women’s lives and in men’s lives，too．
But things are quite different from those in the Middle East countries．
In the Middle East countries，women have to stay at home．They look after their families and do all the housework．They can’t find work outside．When they go out in public．they cover their faces with something and walk behind their husbands．
For the past few years the women’s life has been changing in those countries．Many women want to play an active role in the society．Though working gives them few chances of getting married，many men still want to marry them in the old ways．
【小题1】More and more women want to get jobs because        ．

A．they don’t want to stand behind their husbands in the street

B．they think they are more important than men

C．they think they are as important as men

D．housework troubles them too much

【小题2】Some women are still badly paid       ．

A．because women want more money

B．because of the old ways of thinking

C．because women can’t do as well as men do

D．but we don’t know why

【小题3】If women have got higher education       ．

A．they can get better jobs more easily	B．they don’t have to do any housework
C．they can travel by plane	D．they can be paid better than men

【小题4】Working gives women      ．

A．the chance to receive more education than men

B．chances to play an important role in the society

C．more pay than men

D．fewer chances of getting married

【小题5】From this passage we know       ．

A．women have the same rights as men today

B．women don’t want to work outside their homes

C．more and more women want to play an active role in their countries

D．in the Middle East countries all the women stay at home