That“Monday morning feeling”could be a crushing pain in the chest which leaves you sweating and gasping for breath. Recent research from Germany and Italy shows that heart attacks are more common on Monday mornings and doctors blame the stress of returning to work after the weekend break.

　The risk of having a heart attack on any given day should be one in seven, but a six-year study helped by researchers at the Free University of Berlin of more than 2, 600 Germans showed that the average person had a 20 percent higher chance of having a heart attack on a Monday than on any other day.

　Working Germans are particularly not protected against attack, with a 33 percent higher risk at the beginning of the working week. Non-workers, by comparison, appear to be no more at risk on a Monday than any other day.

　A study of 11, 000 Italians proved 8 a. m. on a Monday morning as the most stressful time for the heart, and both studies showed that Sunday is the least stressful day, with fewest heart attacks in both countries.

　The finding could lead to a better understanding of what is the immediate cause of heart attacks, according to Dr Stefan Willich of the Free University. “We know a lot about long-term risk factors such as smoking and cholesterol（胆固醇）but we don’t know what actually causes heart attacks, so we can’t give clear advice on how to prevent them, ”he said.

　Monday mornings have a double helping of stress for the working body as it makes a rapid change from sleep to activity, and from the relaxing weekend to the pressures of work.

　“When people get up, their blood pressure and heart rate go up and there are hormonal（内分泌）changes in their bodies, ”Willich explained. “All these things can have an unfavorable effect in the blood system and increase the risk of a clot（血凝块）which will cause a heart attack.”

　“When people return to work after a weekend off, the pace of their life changes. They have a higher workload, more stress, more anger and more physical activities,”said Willich.

1.Monday morning feeling, as this passage shows, ________.

2.To protect people from a heart attack, doctors have paid much attention to ________.

3.It can be learned from this passage that the heart attack has something to do with all the following EXCEPT ________.

4.If the researchers give us some advice to avoid Monday morning feeling, what might it be?

Directions: Read the following passage and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.

A. Illegal hunting has caused a decrease in the number of sea turtles.

B. Most turtles are eaten by Mexicans and Mexican Americans.

C. A campaign to protect sea turtles.

D. Many people kill and eat turtles in a religious observance.

E. Government should prevent sea turtle being hunted to increase the number of the species.

F. A letter was written to Pope to save endangered sea turtles.

1. ___________

Environmental groups in the United States are leading a campaign to save thousands of endangered sea turtles. They have asked Pope John Paul the Second to ban turtle meat during the Christian religious observance known as Lent. Christians observe Lent in preparation for the holiday of Easter.

2. ___________

Environmental groups say illegal turtle hunting is one of the major threats to endangered sea turtles in southern California and Mexico. It has been illegal to harvest and eat sea turtle meat in Mexico for more than ten years. However, demand for sea turtle meat is widespread in both Southern California and Mexico. Biologists believe that illegal hunting is one of the main reasons for the sharp drop in sea turtle populations during the past thirty years.

3. ___________

The week before Easter Sunday is an especially deadly time for the turtles. As many as 5,000 turtles are killed during this time each year. Many Mexicans and Mexican Americans eat turtle meat during the days before Easter. Many people do not eat meat during this holy time in order to obey the rules of Lent. Because sea turtles swim, many people consider them to be fish. Fish is permitted during Lent.

4. ___________

The Sea Turtle Conservation Network is a union of fishermen, environmental activists and researchers. They sent a letter to Pope John Paul, urging the Roman Catholic Church leader to officially declare that sea turtle flesh is meat, not fish or seafood. They say thousands of these endangered animals would be saved if people did not eat them during this religious period. The letter also asked members of the Catholic Church to obey laws banning the capture of turtles in Mexico and the United States.

5.___________

About 35,000 endangered sea turtles are killed illegally near the coasts of Baja, California each year. Studies have shown a sharp drop in the numbers of females. They travel from as far away as Japan to lay their eggs on local beaches. Environmental activists say hunting sea turtles for their meat is the main barrier to the recovery of the species. They have urged the governments of the United States and Mexico to improve enforcement of the ban on sea turtle harvesting.

That “Monday morning feeling” could be a crushing pain in the chest which leaves you sweating and gasping for breath. Recent research from Germany and Italy shows that heart attacks are more common on Monday mornings and doctors blame the stress of returning to work after the weekend break.

The risk of having a heart attack on any given day should be one in seven, but a six-year study helped by researchers at the Free University of Berlin of more than 2,600 Germans showed that the average person had a 20 percent higher chance of having a heart attack on a Monday than on any other day.

Working Germans are particularly not protected against attack, with a 33 percent higher risk at the beginning of the working week. Non-workers, by comparison, appear to be no more at risk on a Monday than any other day.

A study of 11,000 Italians proved 8 am on a Monday morning as the most stressful time for the heart, and both studies showed that Sunday is the least stressful day, with fewer heart attacks in both countries.

The findings could lead to a better understanding of what is the immediate cause of heart attacks, according to Dr Stefan Willich of the Free University. “We know a lot about long-term risk factors such as smoking and cholesterol（胆固醇）but we don’t know what actually causes heart attacks, so we can’t give clear advice on how to prevent them,” he said.

Monday mornings have a double helping of stress for the working body as it makes a rapid change from sleep to activity, and from the relaxing weekend to the pressures of work.

“When people get up, their blood pressure and heart rate go up and there are hormonal（内分泌）changes in their bodies,” Willich explained. “All these things can have an unfavourable effect in the blood system and increase the risk of a clot（血凝块）in the arteries（动脉）which will cause a heart attack.”

“When people return to work after a weekend off, the pace of their life changes. They have a higher workload, more stress, more anger and more physical activity,” said Willich.

1.．Monday morning feeling, as this passage shows,         .

A. is not so serious as people thought     

B. is harmful to working people in Germany and Italy

C. is the first killer in Germany and Italy.  

D. is created by researchers in Germany and Italy

2.．To protect people from suffering from heart attack, doctors have paid much attention to     .     

A. people’s working time          B. people’s living place      

C. people’s diet and lifestyle    D. people’s nationalities

3.．It can be learned from this passage that heart attack has nothing to do with      .

A. blood pressure     B. heart rate    C. hormonal changes     D. blood group

4.．If the researchers give us some advice to avoid Monday morning feeling, what might it be?

A. Stop working on Monday             B. Create a pleasant working environment

C. Get up late on Monday morning     D. Go to work with a doctor

5..Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A. The risk of having heart attacks on Monday mornings is the same as on any other day of the week to non-workers

B.33% of the Germans have heart diseases, therefore heart attacks are more common in Germany than in any other country.

C.20%of the Italians appear to have higher possibility of having heart attacks.

D. Non-smokers are more likely to have heart attacks on Sundays.

E
The “Monday morning feeling” could be a crushing pain in the chest which leaves y
ou sweating and gasping for breath. Recent research from Germany and Italy shows that heart attacks are more common on Monday mornings and doctors blame the stress of returning to work after the weekend break.
　The risk of having a heart attack on any given day should be one in seven, but a six-year study helped by researchers at the Free University of Berlin of more than 2600 Germans showed that the average person had a 20 percent high chance of having a heart attack on a Monday than on any other day.
　 Working Germans are particularly not protected against attack, with a 33 percent higher risk at the beginning of the working week. Non-workers, by comparison, appear to be no more at risk on a Monday than any other day.
　A study of 11000 Italians proved 8 a.m. on a Monday morning as the most stressful time for the heart, and both studies showed that Sunday is the least stressful day, with fewer heart attacks in both countries.
　The findings could lead to a better understanding of what is the immediate cause of heart attacks, according to Dr Stefan Willich of the Free University. “We know a lot about long-term risk factors such as smoking and cholesterol (胆固醇) but we don’t know what actually causes heart attacks, so we can’t give clear advice on how to prevent them,” he said.
　Monday mornings have a double helping of stress for the working body as it makes rapid change from sleep to activity, and from the relaxing weekend to the pressures of work.
　“When people get up, their blood pressure and heart rate go up and there are hormonal (内分泌) changes in their bodies,” Willich explained. “ All these things can have an unfavorable effect in the blood system and increase the risk of a clot (血凝块) in the arteries (动脉) which will cause a heart attack.
　 “When people return to work after a weekend off, the pace of their life changes. They have a higher workload, more stress, more anger and more physical activity,” said Willich.
72．Monday morning feeling, as this passage shows, _________.
A．is not so serious as people thought
B．is harmful to working people in developed countries
C．is the first killer in Germany and Italy
D．is created by researchers in Germany and Italy
73．To protect people from heat attacking, doctors have paid much attention to __________-.
A．people’s working time      B．people’s living place
C．people’s diet and life style   D．people’s nationalities
74．It can be learned from the passage that heart attack has nothing to do with __________.
A．blood pressure     B．heart rate      C．hormonal changes     D．blood group
75．If the researchers give us some advice to avoid Monday morning feeling, what might it be?
A．Stop working on Monday 　　　       B．Create a pleasant working environment
C．Get up late on Monday morning　 D．Do to work with a doctor

The Super Bowl is the annual championship game of the National Football League (NFL), the highest level of professional American football in the United States, becoming a season that begins in the late summer of the previous calendar year. The Super Bowl uses Roman numerals to identify each game, rather than the year in which it is held, with Super Bowl I being the 1966 season championship game, when the Green Bay Packers beat the Kansas City Chiefs. Super Bowl XLVI (46) was played at Lucas Oil Stadium in Indianapolis, on February 5, 2012, to determine the champion of the 2011 season; the New York Giants beat the New England Patriots.
The game was created as part of a merger agreement between the NFL and its rival league, the American Football League (AFL). It was agreed that the two leagues’ champion teams would play in an AFL--NFL World Championship Game until the merger was to officially begin in 1970. After the merger, each league was appointed as a “conference”, and the game was then played between the conference champions. Currently, the National Football Conference (NFC) leads the series with 25 wins to 21 wins for the American Football Conference (AFC).
The day on which the Super Bowl is played, now considered to be an existing American national holiday, is called “Super Bowl Sunday”, though it is not determined by the government. It is the second—largest day for U.S. food consumption, after Thanksgiving Day. In addition, the Super Bowl has frequently been the most watched American television broadcast of the year.
Because of its high viewership, commercial airtime during the Super Bowl broadcast is the most expensive of the year. Due to the high cost of investing in advertising on the Super Bowl, companies regularly develop their most expensive advertisements for this broadcast. As a result, watching and discussing the broadcast’s commercials has become a significant aspect of the event. In addition, many popular singers and musicians have performed during the event’s pre-game and halftime ceremonies because of the exposure’s attracting more fans.
【小题1】What does the Super Bowl use to show each game?