"Children should not be left unsupervised (无人监督的) to play with a dog." say experts in this week's British Medical Journal. Their advice is part of a review aimed at doctors who deal with dog bites.

"Dog bites and maulings are a worldwide problem, particularly in children." write Marina Morgan and John Palmer. Every year 250,000 people who have been bitten by dogs attend minor injuries and emergency units in the United Kingdom, and half of all children are reportedly bitten by dogs at some time, boys more than girls.

Accurate death figures are difficult to obtain, but in the past five years, two to three cases a year have made news headlines.

Based on the latest medical evidence, they advise doctors how to examine and treat a patient presenting with a dog bite. They discuss the risk of infection and when to refer to specialist care. For travelers bitten abroad, they suggest assessing the risk of rabies(狂犬病).

In terms of prevention, they suggest that children should be taught to treat dogs with respect, avoid direct eye contact, and not tease them. They should be taught not to approach an unfamiliar dog; play with any dog unless under close supervision; run or scream in the presence of a dog; pet a dog without first letting it sniff you; or disturb a dog that is eating, sleeping, or caring for its babies.

"Dog owners also need to change their behavior", says Rachel Besser, a children's doctor and lifetime dog owner, in an article.

"It is clear that not all dog owners appreciate that children should not be left unsupervised with a dog", she says. Just as some parents are obliged to take parenting classes, she would like to see compulsive classes for expectant dog owners to teach them about the responsibilities of dog ownership. Educational programs are also needed to teach children about some precautionary （预防的) behaviors around dogs.

Finally, she would like to see animal doctors advising dog owners about bite prevention, and doctors promoting bite prevention when treating patients who have been bitten by dogs.   

1.Dog biting is a problem which _____.

A．only happens to a few children	B．should be paid attention to
C．only boys may meet with	D．has made news headlines

2.The underlined word "they" in Paragraph 4 refers to "________" .

A. doctors         B. parents            C. experts            D dog owners

3.To avoid dog bites, a child should be taught to_____.

A．have direct eye contact	B．approach an unfamiliar dog
C．run or scream in the presence of a dog	D．leave a dog feeding itself

4.What are Rachel Besser's words mainly about?

A．It's necessary to teach children how to raise dogs.

B．Children should be taught not to play with dogs.

C．All the dog owners would like to attend classes on caring for dogs.

D．Some dog owners would like children to be left unsupervised with a dog.

5.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?

A．Dogs, Dangerous To Children

B．Children Should Know Behaviors Around Dogs

C．Doctors, Treat Dog Bites Correctly

D．Never Leave Children Unsupervised With Dogs

 

下面文章中有5处需要添加小标题。请从以下选项（A,B,C,D,E和F）中选出符合各段意思的小标题。

A.Get adequate iron

B. Keep yourself hydrated.

C. Get enough calories

D. A little exercise goes a long way.

E. Eat a balanced, varied diet

F. Spread your calories throughout the day.

The Energy Diet

How can I lose weight when every time I go on a diet, I'm so exhausted that I can barely make it through the day? So goes the complaint of many men and women who are concerned about being overweight. What many people don't realize is that a healthful weight-loss plan can actually boost your energy. The key is to eat smart. And then combine this healthful diet with some physical activity. Here are six pointers to get you started.

1.____

Consume too few calories and you'll have less energy, and decrease the amount of calories burned. "That's because one of the ways the body protects itself from starvation is to slow down its metabolism," explains Dr. Donald Hensrud, a nutrition professor at the Mayo Clinic, in Rochester, Minn. So how many calories do you need to feel energized while also slimming down? A healthful weight-loss rate is roughly one-and-a-half pounds per week, and the calorie intake to achieve this depends on your age, weight, and activity level.

2.____

The key to keeping your energy level up when you diet is to eat balanced meals that supply all the nutrients you need. "Vitamins and minerals act like spark plugs," explains Kristine Clark, director of sports nutrition at Pennsylvania State University. "They help release the energy in nutrient-rich food." Try to follow USDA guidelines. They call for 6 to 11 servings per day from the bread, cereal, rice, and pasta group; three to five servings of vegetables; two to four of fruits; two or three of milk or cheese; two or three of meat, fish, or eggs. Avoid fried and creamy dishes, and keep consumption of sweets and desserts to a minimum.

3____

When you go for five to six hours without food, the amount of fuel in your system starts to run low, and you begin to feel tired. Therefore, says Kristine Clark, it's important to eat at regular intervals to keep your energy up. If you exercise, it's important to make sure you have "fuel in the tank" before you head for the gym. Avoid eating a large number of calories at one time, since it's harder to control your total calorie intake, making weight gain more likely.

4____

About 10% of women of childbearing age in the United States are iron deficient. Iron is essential for energy and endurance because it is a vital component of red blood cells, which carry oxygen to working muscles. "Fatigue and listlessness can be directly associated with too little iron," says Frances Berg, a licensed nutritionist in Hettinger, N.D. The best sources of iron are meat, poultry, and some fish. Other sources: fortified cereals, dried beans, dried fruits, and peas.

5____

"I don't have the energy to exercise!" say many dieters. Indeed, a 1998 survey, developed in part by the Center for Sports Medicine at Penn State, found that over 70% of respondents cited "too tired" or "lack of energy" as key reasons to skip exercising. Yet exercise is exactly what these people need. And, lastly, don't try to do too much too soon. Consider breaking your exercise into small units. Instead of trying to do 30 minutes in one chunk, accumulate exercise in short bouts （一场，一回）every day by mowing the lawn, walking to work, or climbing stairs instead of taking an elevator. It won't be long before you reap （收获）the rewards. Imagine carrying a 15-pound sack of groceries around all day. Then think about how much more energy you'd have if you put that sack down.

 

C

At one time it was the dream of many little girls to become a nurse. Today, however, America is facing its worst nurse shortage since World War I. Recently about 2,000,000 nurses are needed and 60 percent of all hospitals in the US have shortages large enough to threaten(="say" that you will hurt somebody if they don’t do what you want) the quality of care provided. The demand for nurses spreads widely throughout the nursing field.

What has become of these women in white? The answer lies in not one but several causes. One possibility is the fact that women have greater career options(职业选择). In the past, women who chose to work outside the home had two basic choices: nursing or teaching. Today, more women than ever are in the work force, but their choices have greatly increased. There are women doctors, lawyers, firefighters and police officers. In fact, women today are found in nearly every field of work. Nursing has been left behind, as women move on to jobs with higher pay and greater status(地位). A woman or man in the nursing field is often looked down upon as “just a nurse”. Teachers may be also at fault. Many high school students are actually being steered(劝导) away from nursing, told by teachers that they are “too bright to be a nurse”.

Americans are living longer than ever and requiring more medical attention. In fact, the number of elderly patients has almost doubled in the past twenty years. Obviously a larger population requires more nurses. AIDS and other diseases have caused more and more people to need nursing care. Usually fatal diseases mean long hospital stay, that is to say, more nurses are needed to care for these patients. It is estimated that the demand for nurses will be doubled the supply in the coming ten years.

63. Why is America facing its worst nurse shortage?

A. Because American health conditions are becoming worse and worse.

B. Because more and more women prefer to be teachers and doctors.

C. Because women have been provided with many different jobs.

D. Because women no longer choose to be nurses.

64. The passage tells us that high school teachers are at fault for ___________.

A. not mentioning the worst nurse shortage in the US

B. introducing jobs with higher pay and greater status to their students

C. not asking the government to raise the nurses’ payment

D. persuading the students not to be nurses

65. The author wrote this passage in order to __________.

A. describe the unequal treatment of women in the US

B. warn people to pay more attention to the nursing problem

C. tell us women’s free choice of jobs today

D. call on women not to be nurses

66. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. High school students think themselves too bright to be nurses.

B. Women in the US have greater career choice than those in other countries.

C. Of all the hospitals in the world 60 percent more nurses are badly needed.

D. Nursing used to be a popular job among women.

 

请阅读下列应用文及相关信息, 并按照要求匹配信息。请在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选项字母涂黑。

首先，请阅读下列图书简介：

A. Beacon of Hope: A Guide to Internal Truth 

It tells the story of an alcoholic who becomes a psychologist and her spiritual journey. It is interesting to hear the story from both that of an alcoholic and an addictionologist. Her voice is very clear. The role of spirituality and recovery is the emphasis of the book. If you are in recovery this book would be helpful. Like an extended story from "Came to Believe".

B. Jonathan Livingston Seagull

HE is just a seagull, but he has inspired millions of people, including US president Barack Obama, basketball superstar Kobe Bryant and late king of pop Michael Jackson.

    The reason why a seagull can have such universal appeal is based on a simple fact. Each of us has the desire to be more than just ordinary. We see in Jonathan our longing for a higher purpose to life. But most of us remain part of the flock since “most gulls don’t bother to learn more than the simplest facts of flight — how to get from shore to food and back again”. With failure, hunger, storms, loneliness and misunderstandings to face, one can easily give up.

C. Yes Man - Movie Tie-In

Recently single, Danny Wallace was falling into loneliness and isolation. Until one day, when a stranger on a bus advised, "Say yes more." At that moment, Wallace vowed to say yes to every offer, invitation, challenge, and chance. For a year.

Soon after resolving to be more open to what the universe had to offer, Danny wins $45,000 and becomes a television executive...and a minister. He gives spare change to anyone who asks. Invents things. Travels the globe. Nods a lot. And finds that romance isn't as complicated as it seems.

Yes Man is inspiring proof that a little willingness can take anyone to the most wonderful of places.

D. Life of Pi

Life of Pi is the story of a 16-year old Indian boy adrift at sea for 227 days with only a dangerous Bengal tiger for a companion. Pi Patel's journey, and survival through the use of his wits and sheer determination, is one that grabs you and never lets go. It's a story that seems both too real and surreal at the same time. Yann Martel is a master story teller and he weaves a tale that is entertaining and thought-provoking and at the end, he challenges you to believe it all. A top-notch read. From our review, "Life of Pi is a delicious treat to savor."

E. Texas Tables

Whether you're entertaining for a party or serving up fast casual meals for the family, this triple-tested Junior League cookbook is a must have, top shelf resource. Harmonized with personal stories and culinary tips, you’ll want to read it first and cook second.

F. PADDINGTON BEAR

Here’s the story of how a smallish bear from “Darkest Peru” is discovered amid the bicycles and luggage of Paddington Station, in the middle of London, by Mr. and Mrs. Brown who had only planned on picking up their children from school. Luckily for all concerned, the Browns were just the sort of people to welcome a lost bear to their family.

请阅读以下读者的信息, 然后匹配读者与适合他/她们的图书:

66. Brian is frustrated with the people he works with and the job itself. Negative feelings loneliness are making him unhappy. He is expecting to retrieve his energy and passion for life with the help of an inspiring book.

67. Candy’s marriage seems to bring her more trouble than happiness. Her husband is particular about the food she cooks. She thinks she needs some help; hopefully a good cookbook will be her savior.

68. Austin used to have no purpose in life. Now he has realized he shouldn’t go on like this. He wants to read something that may direct him to find a higher purpose to life and live a more meaningful life.

69. Amanda’s summer vacation is on the way. What she wants to do most is to borrow some really interesting adventurous books from the school library to relax herself after a whole term of tiring studies.

70. Andrew used to drink excessively, but the death of his uncle, also an alcoholic, shocked him. He wants to quit drinking and is still struggling. He is dying for something, like a book, to give him some spiritual instructions.

 

JAMES Brown, the legendary US singer known as the “Godfather of Soul”, died Christmas morning, 2006. he was 73.

Brown was one of the major musical influences of the last

50 years. He provided the basis for much of black music and

most of pop music with his early hits like. “Please, Please,

Please”. He essentially created funk（“疯客”音乐）with

mid-1960s songs such as "Papa's Got a Brand New Bag".

It won him a Grammy Award as best rhythm-and-blues song,

and it was only the beginning of Mr. Brown's rhythmic

breakthroughs. His rapid-footed dancing inspired Michael Jackson and Prince. Rap stars of recent years, such as Fat Boys and Public Enemy, have all borrowed his lyrics and rhythms.

Brown's songs in the late 1960s and early 1970s, such as "Hot Pants" and "Make It Funky", mixed the sophistication(复杂) of jazz-style arrangements with raw funk. With these songs, Brown established himself as the godfather not just of soul, but of all subsequent styles of dance music: funk, disco, hip hop.

"He made soul music a world music," said Al Sharpton, who toured with Brown in the 1970s and imitates his hairstyle to this day. "What Brown was to music in terms of soul and hip hop, rap, all of that, is what Bach(巴赫, 德国作曲家) was to classical music. He put everybody on a different beat, a different style of music."

Amid the civil rights movement of the 1960s Mr. Brown used his fame and music for social messages. He released "Don't Be a Dropout" in 1966 and met with Vice President Hubert H. Humphrey to promote a stay-in-school initiative. Two years later "Say It Loud - I'm Black and I'm Proud" insisted, "We won't quit movin' until we get what we deserve."

1.The passage is mainly about _______.

         A．black music in the US

B．James Brown's unique music styles

C．James Brown's contribution to American music

D．great musicians in the US in the last 50 years

2.The author intends to tell us by the last paragraph that ______.

A．James Brown was proud of being a black

B．James Brown was also active in political movements

C．the then Vice President Hubert H. Humphrey was one of Brown's fans

D．no children dropped out of school because of James Brown's social influence

3. Which of the following indicates that Brown's career began to take off?

A．His rapid-footed dancing.

B．His three years in prison.

C．His tour around the country with Al Sharpton.

D．His mid-1960s songs such as "Papa's Got a Brand New Bag".

4.James Brown has influenced all American music types EXCEPT ______.

         A．classical music                                                B．rhythm-and-blues    

         C．Rap                                                                    D．hip hop