第三部分阅读技能 (共三节，满分35分)

阅读理解（共12小题；每小题2分，满分24分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

For most people, the word “fashion” means “clothes”. But people may ask the question, “What clothes are in fashion?” And they use the adjective (形容词) “fashionable” in the same way: “She was wearing a fashionable color.”

But of course there are fashions in many things, not only in clothes. There are fashions in holidays, in restaurants, in films and books. There are even fashions in school subjects, jobs…and in languages.

Fashions change as time goes. If you look at pictures of people or things from the past, you will see that fashions have always changed. An English house of 1750 was different from his grandson in 1860.

Today fashions change very quickly. Some of this is natural. We hear about things much more quickly than in the past. Newspapers, radios, telephones and television send information from one country to another in a few hours.

New fashions mean that people will buy new things, so you see there is money in fashion.

41  From this passage we know that “fashion” means _________.

A  clothes   B  many things    C  most of the popular things    D  everything

42  Which of the following things is fashionable today?

　  A  Surfing on the Internet

B  Having a family dinner on New Year’s Day

C  Learning to sing songs on the radio

D  Doing morning exercises at school.

43  Today fashions change very quickly because _______.

　  A  People read newspapers every day 　

B  radios send information from one country to another

　  C  new things that people like are often shown on TV

　  D  people quickly learn what is happening in the world

44  “There is money in fashion.” means ________.

　  A  clothes are expensive    B  money comes from fashion

　  C  people like new things   D  there are no fashions without money

The Spring Festival marks the first day of a new year, so the first meal is rather important. People from the North and the South have different  36 about the foods they eat on this 37 day. In Northern China, people  38 eat Jiaozi. The word Jiaozi in Chinese means the  39 and the beginning of time. According to historical  40 , in the past people from the North and the South both ate Jiaozi on Chinese New Year’s Day. Perhaps  41 the areas in Southern China  42  more rice than those in Northern China, southern people slowly  43  to eat many other kinds of food on New Year’s Day.  44 , the most common foods for the first  45 are noodles, New Year Cake and Tangyuan. The noodle  46  long life. The New Year Cake is called Niangao in Chinese, which  47  the hope of improvement in  48 year after year. Tangyuan is a symbol of  49 according to the Chinese.
To  50  a New Year visit to relatives and friends is an important activity during the Spring Festival. People also send cards to   51   a New Year’s greeting. What children love most is to set off firecrackers.   52  , as the pace of life is becoming faster and faster, people have   53  new ways to celebrate the Chinese traditional New Year. For example, many people no longer send out greeting cards.   54  , they use short messages or emails. Also to travel during the New Year holidays has come into   55  .

The crisis(危机) at Japan’s Fukushima Dai-Ichi nuclear(核) energy center caused by the terrible earthquake has raised questions about the future of the nuclear energy industry. Arjun Makhijani is president of the Institute for Energy and Environmental Research in the United States. He says the disaster(灾难)in Japan is historic.

This week, the chairman of America’s nuclear agency said there is little chance that harmful radiation(辐射) from Japan could reach the United States. Gregory also said America has a strong program in place to deal with earthquake threats. No new nuclear power centers have been built in the United States since nineteen seventy-nine. That was when America’s worst nuclear accident happened at the Three Mile Island center in Pennsylvania. The accident began to turn public opinion against nuclear energy. At present, about twenty percent of electricity in the United States comes from nuclear energy.

    German Chancellor Angela Merkel said Germany would close seven nuclear power centers while energy policy is reconsidered. The European Union is planning to test all centers in its twenty-seven member nations.

    Developing nations are less willing to slow nuclear expansion. China said it will continue with plans to build about twenty-five new nuclear reactors（反应堆）. And India, under a cooperation agreement with the United States, plans to spend billions on new centers in the coming years.

    Nuclear reactors supply fourteen percent of global electricity. Nuclear energy is a clean resource, producing no carbon gases. But radioactive waste is a serious unresolved issue. So is the presence of nuclear power centers in earthquake areas like the one near Bushehr, Iran.

1..

 We can learn from the text that America         .

    A. experienced a terrible nuclear accident 32 years ago

    B. has a strong program to deal with radiation danger

    C. depends heavily on nuclear energy to produce electricity

    D. will check all the reactors before cooperating with India

2..

 According to the text, which country will be most likely to have a similar disaster?

    A. German.          B. Iran.            C. India.           D. China.

3..

 How does the author seem to feel about the future of nuclear energy?

    A. Satisfied.      B. Pleased.         C. Wordless.       D. Surprised.

4..

 The best title of the text is         .

    A. Various Opinions on Japan’s Nuclear Disaster        

    B. Japan’s Disaster is Likely to Run out of Control      

    C. America Feels Great Concern for Japan’s Nuclear Crisis

    D. Japan’s Disaster Throws Doubt on Nuclear Energy Industry

　　“First we make our habits，then our habits make us.”——Charles C．Noble

　　It’s such a simple concept，yet it's something we don’t always do. It’s not extremely difficult to do, and yet I think it’s something that would make a world of difference in anyone’s life. Break your goals into habits，and focus on putting those habits into autopilot. My belief is that having one goal to focus on is much more powerful than having many goals.

　　I try to turn my goals into habits，and in doing so，I put my goals on autopilot. Turning a goal into a habit means really focusing on it，seriously，for at least a month，to the exclusion of all else. The more you can focus on it, the more it’ll be put on autopilot. Let’s look at my marathon goal as an example. I was just starting out in running，and l had the brilliant idea to run a marathon within a year. But in order to achieve that goal，I broke it down into two habits：

　　1．I had to make running a daily habit.

　　2．I had to report to people in order to have accountability（责任）—I did this through family，friends and coworkers，through a blog，and through a column in my local newspaper every two weeks. With this accountability，there’s no way l would stop running.

　　The accountability habit took a couple of months，mainly because I didn’t focus on it too much while l was building the running habit. But it stuck，and for that first year of running，I would report to people I knew and blog about my running every day and I would write a column every two weeks for my local paper.

　　Once those two habits were firmly fixed，my marathon goal was pretty much on autopilot. I still had to do the work，of course，but it didn’t require constant focus. And eventually，I ran the marathon. I was able to achieve this because，all year long，I had the daily running habit and daily accountability habit. I put my marathon goal into autopilot，and that made it much easier--instead of struggling with it daily for an entire year，I focused on it for one month and was able to accomplish it while focusing on new habits and goals.

55．According to the passage，we can see the key to forming a habit is ______________.

A．to break the goals into habits

B．to report to other people about your plan

C．to set a reasonable goal first

D．to focus on the habit as much as possible

56．The author told people about his running in order to ______________.

A．get more support

B．ask for their opinions

C．carry out his plan better

D．earn more admiration

57．What do we know about the author？

A．He was a local athlete.

B．He often gave people advice.

C．He had no blogs before.

D．He wrote for a local newspaper.

58．The passage is mainly about ______________.

A．goals and habits

B．how to turn your goals into habits

C．habits and achievements

D．how to make running a good habit