阅读表达（共5小题；每小题3分，共15分）

         阅读下面的短文，并根据要求回答后面的问题。（注意字数要求）

         [1] If you are applying for an American higher education, you probably dream of getting into an Ivy League （常青藤联盟） university．The eight schools with the best reputations attract top students from the United States and many other countries． However, on average, the Ivy League schools accept less than 15 percent of applicants．And with the applicants growing in size year on year, it is becoming more and more difficult _________．

         [2] So how can you give yourself the best chance of admission?

         [3]Having a high school grade point average （GPA） in the top 10 percent of your class and being ranked among the top few students dramatically betters your chances．But although GPA and SAT scores are important, they only tell admission deans（主任） part of the story．

         [4] The whole admissions process will single out （挑选出） from a large pool of academically strong applicants the unique individuals．They stand out because they have shown in their interviews a range of virtues （优点） expected of these universities．Take Harvard for example．Although there is no guarantee of admission, the school judges applicants based on 15 additional criteria．

         [5] Intellectual curiosity （求知欲） comes first tor almost all admission deans．Schools look to such students because they believe their peers find them slimulaling（激励人的）inside and outside the classroom．

         [6] Leadership also weighs heavily．The school would rather see an applicant who takes on additional responsibility in one or two areas where he or she is good at, rather than one who is merely "very good" academically．This can mean the class presidencv（主席职务）, leading the cheerleading team or being the officer of a student union．

         [7] Whether a person has personal warmth and cares about others counts a lot with the admission deans．Writing an essay on a personal experience, like a summer spent raising funds for the earthquake victims or teaching in a local school, can show that a person has qualities in addition to academic experience．

76．What is the purpose of the passage? （no more than 15 words）

                                                                               

77．Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?

         The universities pay attention to the students with this virtue in that they can inspire their fellow students at school.

                                                                               

                                                                                

78．Fill in the blank in the first paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence. (no more than 5 words)

                                                                               

79．Based on the passage, list three additional criteria for admission besides academic performance．（no more than 10 words）

         ①_________________ ?②_______________ ?③____________________

80．Translate the underlined sentence in the fourth paragraph into Chinese.

                                                                                

Man has a big brain. He can think, learn and speak. Scientists thought that men are different from animals because they can think and learn. They know now that dogs, cats and birds can learn too. They are beginning to understand that. They make noises when they are afraid, or angry or unhappy. Apes(猿) can understand some things more quickly than human, one or two of them have learnt a few words. But they can not join words to make sentences. They can not think like us because they have no language. Language is a wonderful thing. Man has been able to build a modern world because he has language. Every child can speak his own language very well when he is four or five, —but no animal learns to speak. How do children learn it ? Scientists do not really know. What happens inside our body when we speak? They do not know. They only know that man can speak because he has a brain.

The best title for this passage is          .

A. Animal’s Language  B. Man and Ape  C. Brain and language  D. Man’s Brain

Men are different from animals in the way that           .

A. men can understand things quickly       B. men can learn

C. men have learnt to use language         D. men have brains

An ape can not           .

A. make noises    B. understand things    C. learn words     D. speak like man

Scientists now know            .

A. how children learn to speak             B. why apes can learn a few words

C. man’s brain helps him to learn to speak    D. what happens when men speak

Which of the following is NOT true ?

A. Some animals can learn.               B. Apes can understand some things more quickly than men.

C. Apes can put the words they know together.

D. Apes have no language though they can learn some words

Today, people all over the world are moving out of small villages in the country to go and live in big, noisy cities. They are moving from the peaceful hills, mountains, fields, rivers and streams of the countryside to the busy world of streets, buildings, traffic and crowds. This movement from rural(乡下的) areas to urban areas has been going on for over two hundred years.

In many countries, the main reason people come to live in towns and cities is work. After one or two large factories have been built in or near a town, people come to find work, and soon an industrial area begins to grow. There is usually a_residential_area nearby, too. The families of these workers need schools, hospitals and shops, so many people come to live in the area to provide these services and a city grows.

In every major city in the world, there is a business district where the big companies have their main offices. In the United States, this area is usually in the city center downtown. It is here that you can see many huge skyscrapers(摩天大楼)and office blocks. The people who work here often travel a long way to work each day. Many of them live in the suburbs of the city, far away from the industrial area and the city center. Some suburbs are very pleasant, with nice houses and big gardens. There are usually parks for children to play in and large department stores where you can buy all you need.

But what is the future of the big cities? Will they continue to get bigger and bigger? Perhaps not. Some major cities have actually become smaller in the last ten years, and it is quite possible that one day we will see people moving out of the major cities and back into smaller towns and villages.

1.The underlined phrase “a residential area” means an area________.

A．where people can buy things

B．which is suitable for living in

C．where people can do business

D．which is near a city center

2.Why do people move to live in cities or towns?

A．Because they can live more comfortably there.

B．Because they like noisy life better than peaceful life.

C．Because they mainly want to find work there.

D．Because they are sure of having a better life there.

3.Which of the following statement is NOT true about the business district?

A．Big companies usually have their main offices in the business district.

B．People usually work and live in the business district.

C．A business district usually lies in the city center downtown.

D．Nearly every major city has its own business district.

 

There are over one million superstitions(迷信), and most people believe at least one or two of　them.
Many people are superstitious about numbers. They think that there are lucky numbers and unlucky numbers.
The number 13 is often considered unlucky. In some parts of the world, buildings have no 13th floor and streets have no houses with the number 13. In Japan, "4" is considered unlucky because in Japanese the word "four" is pronounced the same as the word "death" .
Japanese never give gifts of four knives, four napkins, or four of anything.
What are the lucky numbers? Seven is a lucky number in many places, and "8" is considered a lucky number in Japan and China. In China, businesses often open on August 8, and many couples register to get married at eight past eight on August 8.
Superstitions about numbers are so widespread that some people--called numerologist--make a living by giving advice about numbers.
In 1937, when the Toyoda family of Japan wanted to form a car company, they asked a numerologist if "Toyoda" would be a good name for the company. The numerologist said it would not be. He explained that "Toyota" would be a better name for the company. The family took his advice. As a result, millions of people drive "Toyota" and not "Toyoda" .
There are many other kinds of superstitions. There are superstitions about eating, sleeping, sneezing and itching(抓痒). There are superstitions about animals and holidays and horseshoes.
There are even superstitions about superstitions. Those superstitions will tell people how to reverse bad luck.
When the Japanese bump heads, they immediately bump heads again. According to a Japanese superstition, the first-bump means their parents will die, but the second bump "erases" the first bump         
To reverse bad luck in general, people turn around three times, turn their pockets inside out, or put their hats on backwards.
In the United States, baseball players sometimes wear their caps backwards when their team is losing. It looks silly, but the baseball players do not mind if it helps them win the game.   
【小题1】It can be inferred that superstitions about numbers are           .

A．popular neither in Japan nor in China

B．popular only in Japan and in China

C．popular both in Japan and in China

D．causing great troubles both in Japan and in China

【小题2】The underlined word " reverse " means           .

A．change to bad luck	B．cause to go in the opposite direction
C．change for the worse	D．exchange

【小题3】If a Japanese purposely bumps his head again after an accidental bump, we can be sure that     .  

A．he is mad

B．he is happy

C．he is superstitious

D．he is very sad

【小题4】The writer wrote this passage with the purpose of           .

A．persuading us to believe superstitions

B．showing us some facts of superstitions

C．showing us the magic power of number

D．showing us a numerologist

 

It is, everyone agrees, a huge task that the child performs when he learns to speak, and the fact that he does so in so short a period of time challenges explanation.

Language learning begins with listening. Individual children vary greatly in the amount of listening they do before they start speaking and late starters are often long listeners. Most children will “obey” spoken instructions some time before they can speak, though the word obey is hardly accurate (精确) as a description of the eager and happy cooperation usually shown by the child. Before they can speak, many children will also ask questions by gestures and by making questioning noises.

Any attempt to trace (探察) the development from the noises babies make to their first spoken words leads to considerable difficulties. It is agreed that they enjoy making noises and that during the first few months one or two noises sort themselves out to show joy, sadness, and so on. But since these cannot be said to show the baby’s intention to communicate, they can hardly be regarded as early forms of language. It is agreed, too, that from about three months they play with sounds for enjoyment, and that by six months they are able to add new sounds. This self-imitation (自我模仿) leads on to imitation of sounds made or words spoken to them by other people. The problem then arises as to the point at which one can say that these imitations can be considered as a speech.

1．The third paragraph is mainly about ____

       A．the development of babies’ early forms of language

B．the difficulties of babies in learning to speak

       C．babies’ strong desire to communicate

       D．babies’ intention to communicate

2．The author’s purpose in writing the second paragraph is to show that children ____.

A．usually obey without asking questions

       B．are not active in the process of learning to speak

       C．are born cooperative

       D．learn to speak by listening

3．From the passage we learn that ____.

       A．early starters can learn to speak within only six months

       B．children show a strong desire to communicate by making noises

       C．imitation plays an important role in learning to speak

       D．children have various difficulties in learning to speak

4．The best title for this passage would be ____.

       A．How Babies Learn to Speak    B．Early Forms of Language

       C．A Huge Task for Children       D．Noise Making and Language Learning