Part B: Reading Comprehension 20%

A

Backpacks are convenient. They can hold your books, your lunch, and a change of clothes, leaving your hands free to do other things. Someday, if you don’t mind carrying a heavy load, your backpack might also power your MP3 player, keep your cell phone running, and maybe even light your way home.

Scientists from the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia and the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole, Mass., have invented a backpack that makes electricity from energy produced while its wearer walks.

The backpack’s electricity-creating powers depend on springs used to hang a cloth pack from its metal frame. The frame sits against the wearer’s back, and the whole pack moves up and down as the person walks. A mechanism with gears(传动装置) collects energy from this motion and transfers it to an electrical generator.

Surprisingly, the researchers found, people walk differently when they wear the springy packs. As a result, wearers use less energy than when carrying regular backpacks. Also, the way the new packs ride on wearers’ backs makes them more comfortable than standard packs.

The backpack could be especially useful for soldiers, scientists, mountaineers, and emergency workers who typically carry heavy backpacks. These people often rely on global positioning system(GPS) receivers, night-vision goggles(夜视镜), and other battery-powered devices to get around and do their work. Because the pack can make its own electricity, users don’t need to give up space in their packs to lots of extra batteries.

For the rest of us, power-generating backpacks could make it possible to walk, play video games, watch TV, and listen to music, all at the same time. Electricity-generating packs aren’t on the market yet, but if you do get one eventually, just make sure to look both ways before crossing the street!

65. The passage introduces a new kind of ______ backpack.

A．electronic	B．electricity-producing
C．electron-generating	D．electricity-controlling

66. The new backpack makes use of ______ to produce power.

batteries placed at the bottom of the frame

the motion of the pack while the wearer walks

energy the wearer consumes for carrying the pack

the collective motion of a mechanism and some gears

67. From the passage, we can infer that ______.

the backpacks of mountaineers may become smaller in the future

the new backpack can hardly be produced due to its potential danger

the new backpack will someday replace MP3 players and cell phones

the backpack will also provide electricity for lighting our houses

68. An enormous disadvantage of power-generating backpacks might be that ______.

they may stop working at any time

it takes quite a while to have the energy transferred

they may distract the wearer’s attention from road safety

they will be extremely heavy with the mechanism

 

短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）

For most people, it is almost impossible to operate on a computer without a mouse, let alone surf the Internet. A well-chosen mouse is really handy, flexible and convenience in controlling the screen. Without the functions of inserting, deleting, moving and copying, it enables us to edit text, browse web pages and download that we want. It can even bring us a flood of musics, movies and PC games. Just imagining, all that can be done with a cute mouse.

A convenient tool can certain make our work easier, and it doesn’t always help in a positive way. Too much ready information on our fingertips leaves a little room for knowledge pursuing. Too many ready answers make us less excited in finding truth. Relying too much on mouse clicking make us much lazier and less creative.

 

The word doping is probably from the Dutch word dop, the name of an alcoholic drinks make of grape skins used by Zulu soldiers in order to encourage their bravery in battle. The term became current around the turn of the 20^th century, originally referring to illegal drugging of racehorses. In 1928 the International Amateur Athletic Federation (IAAF) became the first to ban the use of doping. A reliable test method was finally introduced in 1974.

The practice of enhancing athletes’ performance through foreign substance or other artificial means, however, is as old as competitive sport itself. The most famous doping case of the 1980s concerned Ben Johnson, the 100-meter champion who tested positive for stanozolol(司坦咗醇) at the Olympic Games in Seoul, 1988.

The main front in the anti-doping war has rapidly shifted to blood doping since 1970s. Blood doping is the practice of adding red blood cells to the bloodstream in order to improve athletes’ performance. The blood is usually processed in order to create a concentration of red blood cells, and then freeze them until needed for transfusion(输血) back into the athlete shortly before the event. The extra red blood cells will deliver more oxygen and other essential elements to the athlete’s muscle tissues.

Just like any other problem, the only way to solve it is through education. Many high school sports programs now have people come in to talk to them about out the dangers of performance-enhancing drugs. Young players must be fully clear on the rules and what substances are banned. The NCAA (National Collegiate Athletic Association) has an easily accessible list of what substances are banned, how they are tested for and why they are banned on its website. This way, young players are clear on what they can put in their bodies. This is also a good way to educate players on the danger of the substances they may be tempted to use.

1.The word “enhancing” in the first sentence of the second paragraph means “_____”.

A．showing

B．directing

C．upsetting

D．improving

2.What can we know from the third paragraph?

A．Blood doping is transferring one man’s blood into another

B．Only blood doping exists in the anti-doping war in the 1970s.

C．Blood doping is easy to be found and controlled by organizations.

D．More oxygen in the blood helps improve an athlete’s performance.

3.The word “people” in the second sentence of the fourth paragraph probably refers to _____.

A．teachers who teach P.E. lessons at school

B．experts who do research in doping

C．young people easy to be addicted to doping

D．athletes involved in doping

4.Which statement best matches the last paragraph?

A．Prevention is better than cure.

B．Reading is to the mind what exercise is to the body.

C．The best horse needs breaking, and the cleverest child needs teaching.

D．A little learning is a dangerous thing.

 

LONDON: The Edinburgh Festival, the biggest arts festival of its kind in the world, got under way in the Scotland capital on Sunday with a concert that included Hector Berlionz's To Deum, under the direction of Christoph von Dohnanyi.

The festival, which runs until August 31 this year, includes as its high points Peter Stein’s staging of Wagner’s Parsifal, with Claudio Abbado directing the Gustav Mahler youth orchestra. The concert programme includes American pianist Richard Goode, bass baritone Thomas Quasthoff and violinist Christian Tetzlaff. New to the programmes this year will be 25 late evening classical music concerts.

Earlier this month, the Edinburgh Fringe Festival, the largest show-case in the world for performance art, officially got under way with theatre, dance, poetry and music presentations.

Many of the fringe artists, who can enter the fringe festival upon payment of a small fee, were inspired this year by the event of September 11.

Thousands of people flock to Edinburgh from around the world during the festival, which is over 50 years old. It aims to promote and encourage arts and to reflect international culture. It consists of various dance, music, opera, and theatre presentation taking place across the city during the three-week run.

1.Who will perform in the concert on Sunday?

A．Hector Berlionz	B．Christoph von Dohnanyi
C．Claudio Abbado	D．Christian Tetzlaff

2.When did the Edinburgh Festival begin?

A．August 10.	B．August 15.
C．August 31.	D．September 11.

3. What did the Edinburgh Festival never have before?

A．Youth orchestra’s performances.

B．Poetry and music presentations.

C．Late evening classical music concerts.

D．Performances of American pianists and violinists.

4.Which of the following statements about the Edinburgh Festival is true?

A．It is the only festival of its kind in the world.

B．The artists who want to take part in the festival have to pay a small amount of money.

C．People who attend the festival are all from Scotland.

D．It is actually a dance festival.

 

When T was a child I never said, "When T grow up, I want to be a CEO," but here T am．When I look back on my career, I realize the road to becoming a CEO isn't a straight, clearly clarified path．In fact, no two paths are the same．But whether you want to be a boss one day or not, there's a lot to learn from how leaders rise to the top of successful companies．

    As this series of stories shows, the paths to becoming a CEO may vary, but the people in that position share the qualities of commitment, work ethic （守则） and a strong desire for building something new．And every CEO take risks along the way—putting your life savings on the line to start a software company or leaving a big business to be one of the first employees at a startup．

    I grew up in Minnesota, and learned how to be an entrepreneur （企业家） from my father, who has run a small business for almost 30 years．I went to Georgetown University and tried a lot of business activities in college with varying degrees of success．And I always had a dream job pattern: to walk to work, work for myself and build something for consumers．

    I'm only 29, so it's been a quick ride to CEO．Out of college, I worked for AOL as a product manager, then moved to Revolution Health and ran the consumer product team．In mid-2007 I left Revolution Health and started LivingSocial with several other colleagues, where I became a CEO．

    Career advice; Don't figure out where you want to work, or even what industry you'd like to work at．Figure out what makes you do so．What gives you a really big rush? Answer why you like things, not what you like doing．．．and then apply it to your work life．Also, just because you're graduating, don't stop learning．Read more books than you did in college．If you do, and they're not, you're really well-positioned to succeed in whatever you do．

1.What can we know from the first paragraph?

    A．The author hasn't achieved his childhood ambition．

    B．The author thinks there is some easy way to become a CEO．

    C．The author had an ambition of becoming a CEO in his childhood．

    D．The author believes success stories of CEOs can be beneficial to everybody．

2.According to the author, successful CEOs should _____．

    A．try not to take risks

    B．stay in the same business

    C．have a strong sense of creativity

    D．save every possible penny

3.What can we know about the author from the passage?

    A．His father had far-reaching influence on him．

    B．He used to run the consumer product team for AOL．

    C．His business activities at college ended up in more failure than success．

    D．He started LivingSocial when he was still a student of Georgetown University．

4.Which of the following proverbs may the author agree with according to the last paragraph?

    A．Well begun is half done．

    B．One is never too old to learn．

    C．Time and tide wait for no man．

    D．Everything conies to him who waits．