We all enjoy the colors of autumn leaves. Did you ever wonder how and why a fall leaf changes color? Where do the yellows and oranges come from? To answer those questions, we first have to understand what leaves are and what they do.

      Leaves are nature's food factories. Plants take water from the ground through their roots. They take a gas called carbon dioxide from the air. Plants use sunlight to turn water and carbon dioxide into glucose, which is a kind of sugar. Plants use glucose as food for energy and as a building block for growing. The way plants turn water and carbon dioxide into sugar is called photosynthesis, which means " putting together with light. " A chemical called chlorophyll helps make photosynthesis happen. Chlorophyll is what gives plants their green color.

      As summer ends and autumn comes, the days get shorter and shorter. This is how the trees "know" to begin getting ready for winter.

      During winter, there is not enough light or water for photosynthesis. The trees will rest, and live off the food they stored during summer. They begin to shut down their food-making factories. The green chlorophyll disappears from the leaves. As the bright green fades away, we begin to see yellow and orange colors. Small a-mounts of these colors have been in the leaves all along. Covered up by the green chlorophyll, we just can't see them in summer.

     The bright reds and purples we see in leaves are made mostly in the fall. In some trees, like maples, glucose is trapped in the leaves after photosynthesis stops. Sunlight and the cool nights of autumn cause the leaves turn this glucose into a red color. The brown color of trees like oaks is made from wastes left in the leaves.

     It is the combination of all these things that make the beautiful colors we enjoy in the fall.

The writer asked two questions in the beginning in order to        .

    A. persuade readers to believe something

    B. introduce the topic of the passage

    C. get the readers excited

D. offer something to think over

Which of the following is True according to the passage?

    A. Trees don't change colours with seasons.

    B. Trees can still perform photosynthesis well in winter.

    C. Trees have colours like yellow and orange even in summer.

D. Trees don't need food in winter.

Photosynthesis is a way that ___________________________.

A. plants change water and carbon dioxide into sugar

B. plants turn water and carbon dioxide into sugar with the help of sunlight

C. plants use glucose as food for energy and growing

D. chlorophyll is a great help

Which is the best title for this passage?

    A. Colorful trees in autumn            B. Mysteries of tree colors

C. Do you enjoy tree colors?           D. Wonderful colors in autumn

There is no doubt about it. The best way to learn new words is to do it unconsciously. I don’t mean while you’re unconscious. I mean while you are unconscious of the fact that it is sinking in.
That is how I learnt the 30,000 words in my vocabulary by living in an English-speaking world, mother tongue. I just pick them up. But some of them may be misunderstood. Now, to misunderstand does not mean not to understand. To misunderstand is to understand but incorrectly.
The 5% mislearnt of all the words we “know” will be the least frequently used words, as the more frequently used words are less likely to be mislearnt. Some of the misunderstanding may live with all our lives, without knowing that we got them wrong.
Many English teachers think that this natural method of learning words in one’s own mother tongue can be used for a second language learning. They teach their students how to play the Guessing Game. “There is no time to look up in your dictionaries all the new words you come across,” they will say. “You have to practice guessing what the word means from the context.”
This method of guessing in a second language learning does not work. It may succeed in many cases, but results in hundreds or thousands of wrongly-guessed meanings of words.
And what’s more, there are more separate meanings than there are words themselves. Our learners’ dictionaries usually have many meanings. A good dictionary is what makes self-learning possible.
Don’t guess! Look it up!
【小题1】 It is certain that the best way to learn new words is ______.

There is no doubt about it. The best way to learn new words is to do it unconsciously. I don’t mean while you’re unconscious. I mean while you are unconscious of the fact that it is sinking in.

    That is how I learnt the 30, 000 words in my vocabulary by living in an English-speaking world, mother tongue. I just pick them up. But some of them may be misunderstood. Now, to misunderstand does not mean not to understand. To misunderstand is to understand but incorrectly.

The 5% mislearnt of all the words we ″know″ will be the least frequently used words, as the more frequently used words are less likely to be mislearnt. Some of the misunderstandings may live with all our lives, without knowing that we got them wrong.

    Many English teachers think that this natural method of learning words in one’s own mother tongue can be used for a second language learning. They teach their students how to play the Guessing Game. ″There is no time to look up in your dictionaries all the new words you come across, “ they will say. ″You have to practise guessing what the word means from the context.”

    This method of guessing in a second language learning does not work. It may succeed in many cases, but results in hundreds or thousands of wrongly-guessed meanings of words.

    And what’s more, there are more separate meanings than there are words themselves. Our learners’ dictionaries usually have many meanings. A good dictionary is what makes self-learning possible.

    Don’t guess! Look it up!

64．The underlined word ″them″ in Paragraph 2 refers to _________.

    A．the 30, 000 words                B．English teachers

    C．misunderstood words             D．frequently used words

65．Which of the following is most likely NOT true?

    A．Some of the words the writer knows must have been misunderstood.

    B．Most of the 30, 000 words the writer learned are frequently used ones.

    C．How many words the writer got wrong are not known.

    D．All the words the writer knows were learned by reading them.

66．What we can infer from the passage is that        .

         A．dictionaries can not help us learn language well

         B．when he is conscious, he usually can’t write new words

         C．we must use the words as often as possible in order to master them

         D．the writer prefers to guess meanings of new words

67．According to the passage, it is concluded that the best way to learn new words is      .

         A．to learn them by copying new words

         B．to learn by living in an English---speaking world

         C．to guess them only from the context

         D．to get more separate meanings of each word

    There is no doubt about it. The best way to learn new words is to do it unconsciously. I don’t mean while you’re unconscious. I mean while you are unconscious of the fact that it is sinking in.

    That is how I learnt the 30,000 words in my vocabulary by living in an English-speaking world, mother tongue. I just pick them up. But some of them may be misunderstood. Now, to misunderstand does not mean not to understand. To misunderstand is to understand but incorrectly.

   The 5 % mislearnt of all the words we “know” will be the least frequently used words, as the more frequently used words are less likely to be mislearnt. Some of the misunderstandings may live with all our lives, without knowing that we got them wrong.

    Many English teachers think that this natural method of learning words in one’s own mother tongue can be used for a second language learning. They teach their students how to play the Guessing Game. “There is no time to look up in your dictionaries all the new words you come across,” they will say. “You have to practise guessing what the word means from the context.”

    This method of guessing in a second language learning does not work. It may succeed in many cases, but results in hundreds or thousands of wrongly-guessed meanings of words.

    And what’s more, there are more separate meanings than there are words themselves. Our learners’ dictionaries usually have many meanings. A good dictionary is what makes self-learning possible.

    Don’t guess! Look it up!

59. It is certain that the best way to learn new words is _____________.

     A. to learn them by oneself

     B. to learn by living in an English-speaking world and using them frequently

     C. to guess them from the context

     D. to get more separate meanings of each word

60. The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refers to _________.

     A. the 30,000 words                       B. English teachers

     C. misunderstood words                   D. frequently used words

61. Which of the following is most likely NOT true?

     A. Some of the words the writer knows must have been misunderstood.

     B. Most of the 30,000 words the writer learned are frequently used ones.

     C. How many words the writer got wrong are not known.

     D. All the words the writer knows were learned by reading them.

62. It can be inferred that _________.

    A. when somebody is conscious, he or she usually can’t learn new words by heart

    B. we must use the words as often as possible in order to master them

    C. it’s the best way to learn new words that one should only guess their meanings from the context

    D. only dictionaries can help us learn language well

There is no doubt about it. The best way to learn new words is to do it unconsciously. I don’t mean while you’re unconscious. I mean while you are unconscious of the fact that it is sinking in.

That is how I learnt the 30,000 words in my vocabulary by living in an English-speaking world, mother tongue. I just pick them up. But some of them may be misunderstood. Now, to misunderstand does not mean not to understand. To misunderstand is to understand but incorrectly.

The 5 % mislearnt of all the words we “know” will be the least frequently used words, as the more frequently used words are less likely to be mislearnt. Some of the misunderstandings may live with all our lives, without knowing that we got them wrong.

Many English teachers think that this natural method of learning words in one’s own mother tongue can be used for a second language learning. They teach their students how to play the Guessing Game. “There is no time to look up in your dictionaries all the new words you come across,” they will say. “You have to practise guessing what the word means from the context.”

This method of guessing in a second language learning does not work. It may succeed in many cases, but results in hundreds or thousands of wrongly-guessed meanings of words.

And what’s more, there are more separate meanings than there are words themselves. Our learners’ dictionaries usually have many meanings. A good dictionary is what makes self-learning possible.

Don’t guess! Look it up!

59. It is certain that the best way to learn new words is _____________.

A. to learn them by oneself

B. to learn by living in an English-speaking world and using them frequently

C. to guess them from the context

D. to get more separate meanings of each word

60. The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refers to _________.

A. the 30,000 words                           B. English teachers

C. misunderstood words                     D. frequently used words

61. Which of the following is most likely NOT true?

A. Some of the words the writer knows must have been misunderstood.

B. Most of the 30,000 words the writer learned are frequently used ones.

C. How many words the writer got wrong are not known.

D. All the words the writer knows were learned by reading them.

62. It can be inferred that _________.

A. when somebody is conscious, he or she usually can’t learn new words by heart

B. we must use the words as often as possible in order to master them

C. it’s the best way to learn new words that one should only guess their meanings from the context

D. only dictionaries can help us learn language well