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  Without most people realizing it, there has been a revolution(革命)in office work over the last ten years.Before that time, large computers were only used by large, rich companies that could afford the investment.With the advancement of technology, small computers have come onto the market, which are able to do the work that used to be done by much larger and expensive computers, so now most smaller companies can use them.

  The main development in small computers has been in the field of word processors(文字处理软件), or WPS as they are often called.40% of British offices are now estimated to have a word processor and this percentage is growing fast.

  There are many advantages in using a word processor for both secretary and manager.The secretary is freed from a lot of daily work, such as re-typing letters and storing papers.He or she can use this time to do other more interesting work for the boss.From a manager’s point of view, secretarial time is being made better use of and money can be saved by doing daily jobs automatically outside office hours.

  But is it all good?If a lot of daily secretarial work can be done automatically, surely this will mean that fewer secretaries will be needed.Another worry is the increasing medical problems related to work with visual display units(显示器).The case of a slow loss of sight among people using word processors seems to have risen greatly.It is also feared that if a woman works at a VDU for long hours, the unborn child in her body might be killed.Safety screens to put over a VDU have been invented but few companies in England bother to buy them.

  Whatever the arguments for and against word processor, they are a key feature(特征)of this revolution in office practice.

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完形填空

  The most frightening words in the English language are,“Our computer is down.”You are hearing it more and more when you are   1  .The other day I was   2   waiting for a ticket to Washington and the girl in the ticket office said,“  3  , I can't sell you a ticket.Our computer is   4  .”

  “If your computer is down, just   5   me out a ticket”.

  “I can't write you out a ticket.The computer is the only one   6   to do so.”

  I looked down the counter and every   7   was just standing there staring at the   8   screen.Then I asked her,“What do you do?”

  “We give the computer   9   about your trip, and then   10   tells us whether you can fly with us or not.”

  “So when it goes down, you   11   with it”.

  “That's right, sir.”

    12   will the computer be down?”I wanted to know.

  “I have no idea.Sometimes it's down for 10 minutes, sometimes for two hours.There is no way we can   13   without asking the computer, and   14   it's down it won't answer us.”

    15   the girl told me they had no backup(备用)computer, I said,“Let's forget the computer.What about your   16  ?They're still flying, aren't they?”

  “I couldn't tell without asking   17  .”

  By that time there were quite a few people standing in lines.  18   soon spread to other travelers that the computer was down.Some people   19  , some people started to cry and still others kicked their   20  

(1)

[  ]

A.

at home

B.

on business

C.

in school

D.

at work

(2)

[  ]

A.

at the railway station

B.

on holiday

C.

at the airport

D.

in lines

(3)

[  ]

A.

I'm sorry

B.

I'm happy

C.

Of course

D.

With pleasure

(4)

[  ]

A.

out

B.

in

C.

up

D.

down

(5)

[  ]

A.

sell

B.

buy

C.

take

D.

write

(6)

[  ]

A.

decided

B.

allowed

C.

refused

D.

forgot

(7)

[  ]

A.

girl

B.

owner

C.

passenger

D.

stranger

(8)

[  ]

A.

black

B.

white

C.

colorful

D.

yellow

(9)

[  ]

A.

report

B.

information

C.

language

D.

address

(10)

[  ]

A.

she

B.

he

C.

it

D.

this

(11)

[  ]

A.

get up

B.

put down

C.

take up

D.

go down

(12)

[  ]

A.

How long

B.

When

C.

How often

D.

Where

(13)

[  ]

A.

go out

B.

pick out

C.

find out

D.

put out

(14)

[  ]

A.

if

B.

unless

C.

since

D.

when

(15)

[  ]

A.

Until

B.

After

C.

Before

D.

Whether

(16)

[  ]

A.

tickets

B.

planes

C.

computers

D.

gates

(17)

[  ]

A.

the computer

B.

the girl

C.

the pilot

D.

the office

(18)

[  ]

A.

The airlines

B.

The hours

C.

The screen

D.

The words

(19)

[  ]

A.

laughed

B.

hurried

C.

flew

D.

left

(20)

[  ]

A.

luggage

B.

passengers

C.

balls

D.

tickets

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阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。

  Winners Club

  You choose to be a winner!

  The Winners Club is a bank account specially designed for teenagers.It has been made to help you better manage your money.The Winners Club is a transaction account(交易账户)where you receive a key-card so you can get to your money 24/7-that's 24 hours a day, 7 days a week!

  It's a club with impressive features for teenagers:

  ●No account keeping fees!

  You're no millionaire so we don't expect you to pay large fees.In fact, there are no account keeping or transaction fees!

  ●Excellent interest rates!

  You want your money to grow.The Winners Club has a good rate of interest which gets even better if you make at least two deposits(储蓄)without taking them out in a month.

  ●Convenient

  Teenagers are busy-we get that.You may never need to come to a bank at all.With the Winners Club you can choose to use handy tellers and to bank from home using the phone and the Internet … You can have money directly deposited into your Winners Club account.This could be your pocket money or your pay from your part-time job!

  ●Mega magazine included

  Along with your regular report, you will receive a FREE magazine full of good ideas to make even more of your money.There are also fantastic offers and competitions only for Winners Club members.

  The Winners Club is a great choice for teenagers.And it is so easy to join.Simply fill in an application form.You will have to get permission from your parent or guardian(so we can organize that cool key-card)but it is easy.We can't want to hear from you.It's the best way to choose to be a winner!

(1)

The Winners Club is a bank account intended for ________.

[  ]

A.

parents

B.

teenagers

C.

winners

D.

adults

(2)

Which of the following is TRUE about the Winners Club?

[  ]

A.

Special gifts are ready for parents.

B.

The bank opens only on work days.

C.

Services are convenient for its members.

D.

Fees are necessary for the account keeping.

(3)

The Winners Club provides magazines which ________.

[  ]

A.

encourage spending

B.

are free to all teenagers

C.

are full of adventure stories

D.

help to make more of your money

(4)

If you want to be a member of the Club, you must ________.

[  ]

A.

be an Internet user

B.

be permitted by your parent

C.

have a big sum of money

D.

be in your twenties

(5)

What is the purpose of this text?

[  ]

A.

To set up a club.

B.

To provided part-time jobs.

C.

To organize key-cards.

D.

To introduce a new banking service.

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根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

The Winner's Guide to Success

  How do successful people think? What helps them to make success? To find out the answers, an American scholar recently visited some of the most successful people in America  1  

  Be responsible for yourself

  Sometimes you may want to blame others for your failure to get ahead  2   You’re saying, You have more control over my life than I do.”

  Live life on purpose

  Almost all successful people live life on purpose-they are doing what they believe they should and want to doWhen you live your life on purpose, you'll try your best to do your job or study as well as you canYou love what you do and you can find pleasure in what you do

  Write a plan

  It is very difficult trying to get what you want without a good plan  3   A good plan is like a map to youWithout this map, you may waste your time, money and also your energy; while with the map you'll enjoy the trip and get what you want in the shortest possible time

  Be willing to pay the price

  Nothing great is easy to getSo you must be ready to work hard-even harder than you have ever doneIf you are not willing to pay the price, you won't get anything valuable

  Never give up

    4   When you are doing something, you must tell yourself again and againGiving up is worse than failure because failure can be the mother of success, but giving up means the death of hope

    5  

  Once an American writer was writing a novelHe could not have a good ending for his book until one night when he had a very good ideaHe was so excited that he made a phone call to one of his best friends.“I’ve got a perfect idea, he said, I'll put it down later and show it to you.” But he never did, because he died that nightHis book was left without a perfect endingSo remember, do what you can right awayNever delay at all

AIt is just like trying to drive through strange roads to a city far away

BIt seems to us that everyone knows thisBut it is easier said than done

CSome people achieve success much later in life because they fail to realize earlier the importance of hard work

DIn fact, when you say someone or something outside of yourself is stopping you from making success, you’re giving away your own power

ESomeone else's opinion of you doesn't have to become your reality

FDon't delay

GHere are some keys to success that they give

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阅读理解

  “We’re all sad, and we’re a little worried…We’re sad about something missing in childhood,”psychologist Michael Thompson told 900 early childhood educators from 22 states packed into a lecture hall last week.“We have to fight back,”he declared.“We’re going to fight for play.”

  It is estimated that since the 1980s the average American children have 8 to 12 fewer hours of free play time per week.Some of the factors behind the decline have been there for decades, others are more recent.Among the key factors are:

  ●Parents are unwilling to let their kids play outside on their own, for fear of injury or other accidents, and organized sports and other structured activities take up a large part of a child’s non-school hours.

  ●More hours per week are spent by kids watching TV, playing video games, using the Internet, and communicating on cell phones.

  ●More importance is attached to formal learning in preschool, more homework for primary school students and more pressure from parents on young children to quickly acquire academic skills.

  “Parents are more self-conscious and competitive than in the past,”Thompson said.“They’re pushing their kids to do better than others…Free play loses out.”But he points out that this option doesn’t necessarily breed(培养)creativity and can lead to burnout for good young athletes and frustration for the less skilled.He is also concerned that preschools, in the drive to prepare students for the academic challenges ahead, are reducing the opportunity for group fantasy play-and thus reducing children’s chances to learn on their own about fairness, kindness and other social interactions(交往).

  The consequences are potentially awful, according to Thompson, who points out that reduced time to play freely with other children is producing a generation of unsociable young people and is a factor behind high rates of weight problems, anxiety, and depression among youth.“Without enough opportunity for forms of play that promote creative thinking,”he says,“America’s children will be at a disadvantage in the global economy.”

(1)

Which of the following is TRUE?

[  ]

A.

American kids have about 8 to 12 hours of free play time each week.

B.

American parents don’t allow their children to do a lot of sports.

C.

Many preschools are paying more attention to formal learning.

D.

American children spend less time watching TV.

(2)

Children’s free play time has been reduced for the following reasons EXCEPT ________.

[  ]

A.

parents are concerned about their children’s safety

B.

parents have higher academic expectations on their children

C.

children spend more time on other activities instead of free play

D.

some education experts give parents improper advice

(3)

What is the most important thing that children get by playing freely?

[  ]

A.

Knowledge about the rules of some sports.

B.

Skills in playing computer games.

C.

Motivation to do better than others.

D.

Opportunities to promote creative thinking.

(4)

According to Thompson, American children will be more ________ as a result of reduced play time.

[  ]

A.

competitive

B.

depressed

C.

hard-working

D.

sociable

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