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    抽水机 pump 【查看更多】

     

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    任务型读写。阅读下面短文，根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入恰当的单词。
    注意：每个空格只填一个单词。
         A simple water pump is helping to improve the lives of poor families in several Asian and African countries. 
         The treadle pump (脚踏抽水机) is based on a design developed in the 1970s by Norwegian engineer Gunnar
    Barnes. It can be made locally and easy to build from bamboo or other wood and two metal cylinders (圆筒)
    with pistons (活塞). The pistons go up and down as a person stands on lever (控制杆) devices, treadles, and
    uses a natural walking motion.
         How many hours a day the pump needs to be operated depends on the season and how much water is
    needed for crops. It could be two hours a day or seven hours a day. Small children sometimes stand with their
    parents on the treadles. Everyone in the family can take turns operating the pump.
         Families using them ate more vegetables, because they were able to grow more to eat and to sell. Many of
    these families also drank more milk, because they bought a cow with their added earnings. Men with treadle
    pumps often no longer have to leave the farm to seek extra work in cities. The pumps can also improve
    education. Farmers often use their extra earnings to buy books for their children or to pay for schooling.
         A farmer in Zambia said he hoped to have enough money in three years, to buy a diesel-powered pump.
    Then he could grow more crops over a larger area. But the world economic crisis has had an effect on some
    farmers. Even some who were able to buy diesel pumps now do not have enough money to buy fuel. So they
    are using their treadle pumps again.

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    Physical fitness is the result of many factors: good medical and gentle care, proper nutrition, enough rest and relaxation, and sensible personal habits. But these are never enough. An essential factor is regular physical activity for a body to function well.

    All of us know that ordinary movements like running, jumping, and bending are made possible by muscles. Muscles also do many other things. They suck air into your lungs, push food along your digestive tract（消化管）, and tighten your blood vessels to raise blood pressure when you need more pressure for an emergency. Your heart is a muscular pump（强健的泵或抽水机）.

    When your muscles are not used, or not used enough, they do not develop and grow properly. They soon become weak, smaller in size and lose their ability to do the jobs they were meant to do.

    Recent studies showed that the average high school student spend fifteen to thirty hours a week watching television and only two hours a week in organized play or exercise. That is one reason why one-third of the 200,000 pupils tested for the President's Council on Physical Fitness failed a simple test of strength. Some of the boys and girls could not raise themselves to a sitting position without using their hands!

    Cars and buses, lifts, TV and push-button machines all tend to reduce physical activity. But our bodies still need exercise. Without it they soon become weak and unattractive.

    1． In the article，muscles are said to do all of the following except _______ .

    A．suck air 　B. run， jump and bend 　C. tighten blood vessels 　D. reduce pain

    2． The thing to keep physical fitness discussed in this article is _______ .

    A．strength B. nutrition C. skill D. exercise

    3．The author advises us to _______ .

    A．replace physical activity with watching TV

    B. fail 200,000 students on a physical fitness test

    C．exercise our bodies regularly

    D. do annual medical checkups

    4．According to the article, high school students _______.

    A. are mostly weak

    B. often suffer from lung troubles

    C. lack enough exercise

    D. should watch less TV programs

     

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