What motivates(激发) us to take on life’s challenges? Is it money, fame, power, or something else? Most businesses operate today on the carrot-and –stick system of rewards(奖赏) and punishments. Employees are rewarded for good performance, and punished for performing badly. This usually works well in situations where workers are performining simple tasks, like cheching products or packing boxes.

However, for jobs that repuire creativity, such as writing or designing, it’s a different matter. In actual fact, people in these jobs are not so much motivated by outer factors like cash rewards. They do their job because they like it. They like the challenge of it, they like the mastery of it, they like the creativity that it requires. These factors are generally called inner motivators, which can be further broken down into autonomy, mastery and purpose.

Autonomy refers to self-direction. The greatest things that have happened in all kinds of societies--western, eastern, modern, ancient—have been the result of people being able to do what they wanted to do. People, like these Iranian portesters in July 2009, follow the human nature to resist(抵制) control and direct their own lives.

Mastery is the desire to become better at something that matters. A recent Harvard business school research shows that the biggest motivator at work by far is making porgress. People, making progress one day, are more likely to be motivated to make greater progress the next day.

And finally, purpose, to do what we do in service of something larger than ourselves. It is not necessarily something like reducing-green-house gases from the atmosphere, but can be simply writing a great story that helps people understand world a little bit better or creating something that brings beauty to somebody’s life.

Today’s business managers, facing the increasingly competitive pressures of a global marketplace, should question their traditional attitudes about what actually motivates us as humans.

57．According to the text, if Jack is a designer, he is most probably motivated by __________.

  A．The carrot-and-stick system    B．cash rewards

  C．outer factors                D．mastery

58．The ujnderlined part in the third paragraph is meant to__________．

  A．suggest that Iranian people desire freedom

  B．show that people tend to guide themselves

  C．prove that autonomy can make people great

  D．encourage people to do whatever they want

59．It seems that the author__________．

    A．regards purpose as the most important inner factors

    B．is persuading managers to turn to inner motivators

    C．Thinks reducing greenhouse gases is not necessary

    D．is doubtful about what on earth motivates people

60．Which of the following shows the organization of the text?

   Text messaging(发信息）was designed for quick exchange of information. For messages that need short words, the short messaging systems are preferred. In a public place, for example, it is better for people to send text messages than to talk loudly and disturb others with their conversation. It has its advantages, but sadly, there are also disadvantages.

There have been several celebrities (名人）and TV shows raising the problem about accidents caused by sending or reading text messages while driving. It causes drivers to lose control or lose their concentration while driving.

Text messaging may actually be more dangerous than talking while driving as it requires the driver to take his eyes off the road and onto the phone. It is a most dangerous thing to do while driving.

The other disadvantage is the poor spelling habit that it develops among young people. It is natural for them to want to make a shorter form of the words so as to get it done quickly. However, they carry this through even when writing formal documents (文件). Young people are becoming poor at spelling even simple words.

Text messaging also brings about an impersonal(冷淡的) culture. People communicate with text messaging. And they say important things on their phone when they should actually be said in person.

Culture changes along with its people and that is something that everyone knows will happen. What is sad is what it is turning into. Although many will argue that this kind of change is just like any other change that happened in the past, radical (激进的）in the beginning, common finally. Text messaging may be one of those but it is pretty hard to think about the time when the phone separates two people even when they are sitting side by side.

66. We can know from the first paragraph that ____.

  A. text messaging is becoming less popular       B. some people like listening to others' talk.

  C. people would like to make a phone call in public    D. many people prefer text messaging

67. Young people cannot spell even simple words probably because _____.

  A. they often write formal documents.

  B. they often use a shorter form of the words to send messages.

  C. They don't work hard at their lessons

  D. they only remember how to spell difficult words

68. How many disadvantages does the text messaging have according to this passage?

  A. Five      B. Four       C. Three      D. Two

69. The author's attitude towards the use of text messaging is _____.

  A .unconcerned(不关心）      B. amazed      C. supportive      D. worried

70. The purpose of this passage is to ____.

  A .list the disadvantages of text messaging 

  B. introduce the development that text messaging brings

  C. describe（描写）the convenience(方便）that text messaging brings 

  D. compare the disadvantages and disadvantages of text messaging

最近你市发现了一处唐文化遗址。是否应当被开发？人们展开了激烈的讨论。赞成开发的人认为：应开发利用以吸引更多的游客来旅游观光; 更好了解历史; 增加旅游收入。 反对开发的人认为：应保持原样，妥善保护，以免遭人为破坏。
假如你是一名记者，请以Should the cultural relic be explored?为题目,写一篇 100 字左右的报道，并发表自己的看法,可适当发挥。
提示: cultural relic 文化遗址;  explore开发

最近你市发现了一处唐文化遗址。是否应当开发？人们展开了激烈的讨论。假如你是一名记者，请就此写一篇100字左右的报道，并发表自己的看法。
赞成开发：应开发利用以吸引更多的游客来旅游观光。
反对开发：应保持原样，妥善保护，以免遭人为破坏。
                                                                                   

最近你市发现了一处唐文化遗址。是否应当被开发？人们展开了激烈的讨论。赞成开发的人认为：应开发利用以吸引更多的游客来旅游观光; 更好了解历史; 增加旅游收入。 反对开发的人认为：应保持原样，妥善保护，以免遭人为破坏。

假如你是一名记者，请以Should the cultural relic be explored?为题目,写一篇 100 字左右的报道，并发表自己的看法,可适当发挥。

提示: cultural relic 文化遗址;  explore开发