Why does most of the world travel on the right side today? Theories differ, but there’s no doubt Napoleon was a major influence. The French have used the right since at least the late 18^th century. Some say that before the French Revolution, noblemen drove their carriages on the left, forcing the peasants to the right. Regardless of the origin, Napoleon brought right-hand traffic to the nations he conquered, including Russia, Switzerland and Germany. Hitler, in turn, ordered right-hand traffic in Czechoslovakia and Austria in the 1930s. Nations that escaped right-hand control, like Great Britain, followed their left-hand tradition.

The U.S. has not always been a nation of right-hand drivers; earlier in its history, carriage and horse traffic travelled on the left, as it did in England. But by the late 1700s, people driving large wagons pulled by several pairs of horses began promoting a shift（改变）to the right. A driver would sit on the rear（后面的）left horse in order to wave his whip（鞭子）with his right hand; to see opposite traffic clearly, they travelled on the right.

One of the final moves to firmly standardize traffic directions in the U.S. occurred in the 20^th century, when Henry Ford decided to mass-produce his cars with controls on the left (one reason, stated in 1908: the convenience for passengers exiting directly onto the edge, especially… if there is a lady to be considered). Once these rules were set, many countries eventually adjusted to the right-hand standard, including Canada in the 1920s, Sweden in 1967 and Burma in 1970. The U.K. and former colonies such as Australia and India are among the Western world’s few remaining holdouts(坚持不变者). Several Asian nations, including Japan, use the left as well--- though many places use both right-hand-drive and left-hand-drive cars.

1.Why did people in Switzerland travel on the right?

A.They had used the right-hand traffic since the 18^th century.

B.Rich people enjoyed driving their carriages on the right.

C.Napoleon introduced the right-hand traffic to this country.

D.Hitler ordered them to go against their left-hand tradition.

2.Of all the countries below, the one that travels on the right is_________.

A.Austria

B.England

C.Japan

D.Australia

3.Henry Ford produced cars with controls on the left __________.

A.in order to change traffic directions in the U.S.

B.so that passengers could get off conveniently

C.because rules at that time weren’t perfect

D.though many countries were strongly against that

4.According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?

A.Before the French Revolution, all the French people used the right.

B.People in Britain and the U.S. travel on the same side nowadays.

C.The Burmese began to travel on the right in 1970.

D.All the Asian nations use the left at present.

5.What would be the best title for this passage?

A.Who made the great contribution to the shift of traffic directions?

B.How cars have become a popular means of transportation?

C.How Henry Ford produced his cars with controls on the left?

D.Why don’t people all drive on the same side of road?

 

阅读下面短文，短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Living one’s life is really like driving on a highway. First, to make a good driving, the driver must carefully examine the  36  of his car, just as he cares for his health for a good life. Once he enters into the highway, he must  37 certain rules for his own safety. It also can be said that he must obey certain rules of  38  when living as a decent (体面的)adult. For example, on the highway, he is 39 to keep a constant speed which can be compared with his  40 activities through his life. Neither driving nor living must be taken at too  41  a speed nor at too slow a speed. If he drives too  42 ,the police will give him a ticket, just as he will be arrested when he breaks the law.  43  too conservatively (保守地), he will be called an out-of-date person  44  the others driving at the proper speed. When he wants to change his lanes, he must give careful  45  to every direction of his car. It is sometimes  46  to change the way of life  47 he can be sure of completion by doing so. He  48  not make any unnecessary changing of lanes which gives him only danger. Finally, he must  49  where he is now by recognizing some  50   appearing now and then. If he takes the wrong way, he must return to the right as  51  as he can. But he may thus lose 52   and energy both on the road and in life.  53 the whole, driving on a highway and living one’s life are both hard work.  54 if he is careful and serious enough,  55  will provide him much pleasure.

36.A. seat         B. condition     C. petrol        D. passenger

37.A. listen to      B. find         C. follow        D. insist on

38.A. society       B. school       C. group        D. highway

39.A. glad         B. required      C. made        D. anxious

40.A. broken       B. outdoor      C. good         D. continuous

41.A. large         B. high        C. limited        D. expected

42.A. speedily      B. slowly       C. orderly       D. willingly

43.A. Doing        B. Acting       C. Going        D. Working

44.A. persuading    B. getting       C. interrupting    D. refusing

45.A. notice        B. attention     C. signs          D. regards

46.A. dangerous     B. worthy      C. unfit          D. troublesome

47.A. if            B. when        C. unless        D. because

48.A. dare          B. need        C. may          D. should

49.A. think         B. discover      C. prove        D. look

50.A. signs         B. roads         C. posters       D. people

51.A. possible      B. soon          C. much        D. hard

52.A. money       B. luck          C. time         D. trust

53.A. In           B. With         C. About        D. On

54.A. Therefore     B. But          C. And         D. Then

55.A. it            B. he          C. they          D. you

第二节 阅读下面短文，回答文章后面的5个问题。

（E）

Most people agree that the direct, assertive(过分自信的) American personality is a virtue, but it sometimes surprises foreigners. In many cultures, respect for older people or those in positions of authority keeps others from expressing their true feelings. But in the US children often argue with their parents, students may disagree with their teachers, and citizens may express opposition to the actions of government. If the soup has a fly in it or the meat is too tough to chew, the diner can complain to the waiter, if the boss makes a mistake, an employee will politely point it out.

Some  straight talks about the American personality must include the admission that Americans have their faults. The extremely competitive nature of Americans is probably their worst fault. Of course, competition isn’t always bad. As a matter of fact, it promotes excellence by encouraging individuals and business to try to do their best. But the desire to get ahead of others sometimes causes people to do things that are unkind and even dishonest. Also, Americans admire what is practical, fast, efficient, and fresh. Sometimes they fail to understand and appreciate practices that have greater respect for more traditional, leisurely ways of doing things. On the other hand, people from other cultures may dislike the practical, challenging American lifestyle.

Despite culture differences, most foreigners give Americans credit for their virtues. Americans are generally viewed as friendly, adaptable, energetic, and kindhearted. Most newcomers to the US like Americans, and the feeling is usually mutual.

Perhaps the greatest American virtue is a deep interest in new ideas and new people. In a nation of immigrants, the foreigner does not remain an outsider for long.

61.What does the passage mainly talk about? (No more than 5 words) 

____________________________________________

62.According to the passage, why do people outside America tend to avoid expressing their true feelings when they see their parents or teachers make a mistake? (No more than 15 words)

____________________________________________

63.Why is extremely competitive nature considered as one of the American faults?( No more than 20 words)

____________________________________________

64.What does the writer mean by saying “most foreigners give Americans credit for their virtues”? (No more than 10 words)

____________________________________________

65.Please explain the underlined word “immigrant” in English. (No more than 10 words) _____________________________________________

　　第一节

　　听下面的5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A，B，C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1．What are the two speakers talking about?

[　　]

2．What did the woman do yesterday evening?

[　　]

3．What do we know about the speakers?

[　　]

A．They want to have a cup of coffee.

B．They agree to have a cup of coffee the next day.

C．The woman couldn't accept the man's suggestion.

4．What are the two speakers talking about?

[　　]

5．What can we learn from the dialogue?

[　　]

A．The woman is going to have a trip this summer vacation.

B．The woman is going to stay at home this summer vacation.

C．The woman hasn't decided how to spend the vacation.

　　第二节

　　听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A，B，C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各个小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读一遍。

　　听第6段材料，回答6～8题。

6．Where does Mary work?

[　　]

A．At McDonald's.

B．With Tom.

C．In a construction company.

7．When will Tom's father's company hire workers?

[　　]

8．Is Mary going to the party?

[　　]

A．Yes, she's going with Joe.

B．No, she doesn't want to.

C．No, she can't.

　　听第7段材料，回答9～11题。

9．What do you think the man is doing?

[　　]

A．Having his meal.

B．Working in the company.

C．Seeing a film.

10．Who likes Florida better than New York?

[　　]

11．What's the probable relationship between the two speakers?

[　　]

A．Boss and clerk.

B．Brother and sister.

C．Husband and wife.

　　听第8段材料，回答12～14题。

12．What is the man talking about?

[　　]

A．He wants to book some tickets.

B．He asks when the concert will take place.

C．He wants to find out if the concert is popular.

13．When will the concert be on?

[　　]

A．On the night of September 4th.

B．Oh the night of September 14th.

C．At 8:00 on Sunday night.

14．When will the man get to the theatre?

[　　]

　　听第9段材料，回答15～17题。

15．What's the woman's problem?

[　　]

A．She can't walk in the rain.

B．She has some friends in her room.

C．She's looking for a place to study.

16．Why can't the woman use the classroom?

[　　]

A．A club is having a meeting.

B．It is closed for repairs.

C．It is not quiet enough there.

17．Where will the woman probably go?

[　　]

A．To the city library.

B．To the reading room.

C．To the man's home.

　　听第10段材料，回答18～20题。

18．How did Bob and his friends get to the forest?

[　　]

A．They went on foot.

B．They rode horses.

C．They drove a car.

19．When did the story happen?

[　　]

A．On a cold winter day.

B．On a dark evening.

C．At night when nothing could be seen.

20．Why did the horses stop?

[　　]

A．Because they were tired.

B．Because it was getting late.

C．Because they knew they had got to the camp.

阅读下列各小题，根据括号内的汉语提示，用句末内的英语单词完成句子，并将答案写在答题卡上的相应题号后。

例：We __________________  (起床) before dawn. It was still dark outside.  (get)

答案：got up

1. Having made careful enquiry and study, John came to the final conclusion that_______________ (水是罪魁祸首).    (blame)

2.The earthquake and the tsunami that followed lasted for days, _____________________ (使得许多人无家可归).     (leave)

3. It’s generally considered a posture of defense when people talk to a stranger with___________________ (双臂交叉).  (cross)

4. He is very tall among others and always wears bushy beard. You will recognize him_________________ (你一见到他).  (instant)

5.-- What has become of Henry? I haven’t seen him for days!

   --- He___________________（折断了腿）in the football final and is now staying in hospital.   （have）

6._________________________(只有靠适应变化) that we can keep up with the lightning pace of the modern world.  (adjust)

7. I have been a shop assistant since I finished school. _____________________ (有时) I wonder why I have to do this job.  (time)

8.The charming cottage, _________________________(追溯到罗马时代), is as pretty as a picture.  (date)

9.__________________________________(厌倦了城市生活), she made up her mind to move to the countryside and settle down there for a quieter life.  (feed)

10.-- Hey, man. You are parked on a double yellow line!

   --- Sorry, officer. _____________________(我在想) where I could park and didn’t notice it.   (wonder)