认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。

注意：每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题纸相应题号的横线上。

Mirriam Websters online dictionary defines happy as: enjoying good health and satisfaction. Sounds nice, doesn’t it? I know a secret that can lead to happiness. Now you may ask, what secret is that? It’s a well-known secret, in fact. Perform a random(随意的) act of kindness per day.

Positive psychology is the scientific study of the strengths and virtues that enable individuals and communities to grow. According to University of Pennsylvania’s website, positive psychology has three central concerns: positive emotions, positive individual character, and positive systems. Understanding positive emotion includes the study of satisfaction with the past, happiness at present, and hope for the future. Understanding positive individual character consists of the study of the strengths and virtues, such as love, courage, creativity, curiosity, self-knowledge, self-control, and wisdom. Understanding positive systems needs the study of meaning and purpose as well as the strengths that help the growth of better communities, such as responsibility, leadership, teamwork, purpose, and tolerance(忍耐力).

Positive psychology focuses on strengths as well as weaknesses, on building the best things in life as well as repairing the worst. It asserts(断言) that human goodness and excellence is just as real as sadness and illness, and that life consists more than seeking the answers to problems. All these things can be summed up in one concept: giving can equal a meaningful life, i.e. happiness.

But you are probably wondering how. Well, let’s examine the research, shall we? A 1996 study showed that wealth is only weakly related to happiness both within and across nations, particularly when income is above the poverty level. So money does not mean happiness. In 2000, a different study showed that activities that make people happy in some way—such as shopping, good food and making money—do not lead to satisfaction in the long term, indicating that these have quick diminishing returns(收益递减).

However, on the other hand, we also know that people who witness others perform good deeds experience an emotion which drives them to perform their own good deeds. Making a contribution to the lives of other people may help to extend our own lives.

This is why I make a point of trying to do something nice every day. Sometimes I tip much larger than I need to. Sometimes I just smile at someone who looks like they really need it. A random act of kindness is an act that receives just as much as it gives. You’ll be happier. They’ll be happier. And you’ll live longer. So, please, perform a random act of kindness each day.

Title	Happiness and kindness
The 1. ______ of happiness	Being healthy and 2._____.
The 3._____ to happiness	Performing a random act of kindness per day
Positive psychology behind happiness	The three central concerns: u  Positive emotion is the positive attitude toward the present, the past and the future. u  Positive character is the4._______ and virtues in one. u  Positive system is what helps better communities 5._______.
The focus of positive psychology: u  It attaches much importance to building the strengths and repairing weaknesses. u  Life is more than 6._______ problems. u  A meaningful life lies in 7.______.
The results of a study	u  Wealth is only related to happiness in a(n) 8.______ way. u  Some activities only bring happiness for a 9._____ time.
The influence	u  Good deeds can bring people an emotion to do the 10._____ and make them live longer. u  I will do something nice every day such as giving a larger tip and smiling at whoever needs it.

 

The school’s music group will be giving a big show tomorrow night and two_____on the weekend.

A.more                                                           B.other

C.else                                                              D.another

根据短文内容，从下框的选项中选出能概括每一段主题的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余项。

A. Know your introduction and your conclusion.

B. Channel your nervous energy.

C. Know your audience.

D. Use deep-breathing techniques.

E. Be prepared

F. Select an appropriate topic.

How you calm yourself before giving a speech? Both modern research and centuries of experience from experienced public speakers suggest some practical advice.

1._____

Know to whom you’ll be speaking, and learn as much about your audience as you can. The more you can anticipate the kind of reaction your listeners will have to your speech, the more comfortable you’ll be in delivering your message. Be audience-centered rather than speaker-centered.

2._____

You will feel less nervous if you talk about something you are familiar with or have some personal experience of. Your comfort with the subject of the speech will be reflected in your delivery.

3._____

The better prepared you are, the less anxiety you will experience. Being prepared means that you have researched your topic and practiced your speech several times before you deliver it.

4._____

You are likely to feel the most anxious during the opening moments of your speech. Therefore, it is a good idea to have a clear plan for how you will start your speech. Being familiar with your introduction will help you feel more comfortable about the entire speech. If you know how you will end your speech, you will have a safe harbour in case you lose your place. If you need to end your speech ahead of time, a well-delivered conclusion can permit you to make a graceful exit.

5._____

One of the symptoms(症状) of nervousness is a change in your breathing and heart rates. Nervous speakers tend to take short, shallow breaths. To help break the anxiety—reduce breathing pattern, consider taking a few slow deep breaths before you rise to speak.

 

单词拼写(满分10分)

1.The famous explorer, who has many exciting and dangerous experiences, is now giving a speech about his a________ in Africa.         

2.It is suggested that short-sighted students have their eyes e________ regularly.

3.It is not a________ for you to attend the ceremony in casual (随便的) clothes.

4.After the fun he’s had during the holidays, the boy can’t________ (专心，集中)on his school work.

5.Now that you are a college student, you should learn to be_______ (独立的) of your parents’ help.

6.I have been offered a large sum of money to go away, but I am________ to stay here.

7.The manager was________, but he could do nothing.

8.He answered me, but he spoke slowly nor clearly. ‘I am a________,’ I said.

9.I think that young children often________ modern pictures better than anyone else.

10.Many students find mathematics________（复杂的） and difficult，which worries their parents very much.

 

People who have lost the ability to understand or use words due to brain damage are called aphasics(失语症患者). Such patients can be extremely good at something else. From the changing expressions on speakers’ faces and the tones of their voices, they can tell lies from truths.
Doctors studying the human brain have given a number of examples of this amazing power of aphasics. Some have even compared this power to that of a dog with an ability to find out the drugs hidden in the baggage.
Recently, scientists carried out tests to see if all that was said about aphasics was true. They studied a mixed group of people. Some were normal; others were aphasics. It was proved that the aphasics were far ahead of the normal people in recognizing false speeches — in most cases, the normal people were fooled by words, but the aphasics were not.
Some years ago, Dr. Oliver Sacks wrote in his book about his experiences with aphasics. He mentioned a particular case in a hospital. Some aphasics were watching the president giving a speech on TV. Since the president had been an actor earlier, making a good speech was no problem for him. He was trying to put his feelings into every word of his speech.
But his way of speaking had the opposite effect on the patients. They didn’t seem to believe him. Instead, they burst into laughter. The aphasics knew that the president did not mean a word of what he was saying. He was lying!
Many doctors see aphasics as people who are not completely normal because they lack the ability to understand words. However, according to Dr. Sacks, they are more gifted than normal people. Normal people may get carried away by words. Aphasics seem to understand human expressions better, though they cannot understand words.
【小题1】What is so surprising about aphasics?

A．They can fool other people.

B．They can find out the hidden drugs.

C．They can tell whether people are lying.

D．They can understand language better.

【小题2】 How did the scientists study aphasics?

A．By asking them to watch TV together.

B．By comparing them with normal people.

C．By organizing them into acting groups.

D．By giving them chances to speak on TV.

【小题3】What do we learn from this text?

A．People poor at one thing can be good at another.

B．What one says reflects how one feels.

C．Aphasics have richer feelings than others.

D．Normal people often tell lies in their speeches.