Do you know the cold?
Everybody knows what happens when you catch a cold. First you sniffle(抽鼻涕) or get a more throat. Then you sneeze. After coughing and blowing your way through the next few days it’s over---until next time
Do you know what causes a cold, how it is spread or how to help prevent it? And which of the many medicines is best for your cold?
There is no known cure for the common cold. Once you catch a cold, your body usually produces antibodies(抗体) to the virus which caused the cold. These antibodies help the body develop resistance（抵抗力) to the virus if you catch it again. Unfortunately, over 200 different viruses cause the common cold. These viruses may change over time, so your resistance to them reduces. The large number of viruses and the fact that they change help explain why there is no cure for the common cold and why you will suffer colds in the future.
The colds increase in winter(usually between Septenber and March) but Not because of the cold! Cold weather has not been shown to increase the number of colds. People spend more time indoors in winter. They are therefore more likely to come into physical contact with each other and spread the disease. All these ideas remain to be proven. No one has been able to discover what really causes these colds
Common colds are spread by sneezes or by direct contact with a cold sufferer, usually when two people’ hands touch or an object is passed from one person to another. Sneezing spreads colds when someone sneezes near other people, or sneezes on objects which others later touch. A cold virus can survive up to three hours on hard surfaces.
The simplest and most effective way to lower the risk of catching a cold is to wash your hands frequently. Another important step in cold prevention is for cold sufferers to get rid of used tissues immediately after use.
1.From the passage, we can know____________.
A. a cold virus can survive up to four hours      
B. most of people know how to cure a cold
C. there are more colds in November than in May  
D. all of us catch more than one cold a year
2.According to the passage, people tend to catch a cold___________.
A. because they don’t take exercise in winter    
B.if they stay outdoors in freezinf cold winter
C. if they stay indoors more often in winter  
D.because the viruses of colds usually exist in winter
3.We can know colds sre spread through____________.
A. air and touching     B. coughs and objects   C.two people    D. a person and his hands                            

Everyone needs friends. We all like to feel close to someone. It is nice to have a friend to talk, laugh and do things with. Sure, there are times when we need to be alone. We don’t always want people around. But we would feel lonely if we never had a friend.
No two people are the same. Sometimes friends don’t get along well. That doesn’t mean they no longer like each other. Most of the time they will go on being friends. Sometimes friends move away. Then we feel very sad. We miss them very much. But we can call them and write to them. Maybe we wound never see them again. And we can make new friends. It is surprising to find out how much we like new people when we get to know them. Families sometimes name their children after a close friend. Many places are named after men and women, if they are friendly to people in a town. Some libraries are named in this way. So are some schools. We think of these people when we go to these places.
There is more good news for people, if they have friends. These people live longer than those people who don’t have friends. Why? It could be that they are happier. Being happy helps you stay well. Or it could be just knowing that someone cares. If someone cares about you, you take better care of yourself.
【小题1】According to the author, why sometimes friends don’t get along well? Because________

第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文,从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
As a teenager, I didn’t get along well with my mother before . She 31 every aspect of my life, leaving me unable to have my 32 space.
About two years ago, I had a 33 with her . I just couldn’t control my bad temper that day . I said something  34  to mum . Mum was hurt, but she went away without saying anything .
When I was  35  at home, I started to recall the happy time we spent together and realized that I should 36  .But when I saw mum, the  37  moments pushed all the thoughts of saying sorry out of my head. I came back to my bedroom, feeling distracted (心烦意乱). That night I didn’t   38 well.
The next day, I got up earlier than usual. And I 39  a letter beside my bed. It was mum! In this letter, mum   40 how she loved me and how she worried about me . The 41  of mum’s love raced through my mind when I read it . I couldn’t help crying. I went out of bedroom and saw mum standing there   42 me.
“I am sorry, mum . Please 43 me !” I said with a guilty conscience(愧疚感) . Then I saw tears of 44 coming into mum’s eyes. We embraced(拥抱) emotionally. That moment was totally in my 45 forever.
From then on,   46 there is argument between us ,we will write our feelings and thoughts to each other. Then we can 47 and soon get along well.
By telling my story, I just want  48 people to know that if you have problems with your parents try to find the  49  . Never think that you have nothing to talk with them.They are the persons who always love you and stand  50  you! Maybe they’ve hurt you before , probably just because they didn’t know how to express love.
31. A. took notice of     B. took care of      C. took hold of      D. took the place of
32. A. private        B. wide   C. empty D. quiet
33. A. talk      B. conflict      C. instruction  D. decision
34. A. cheerful       B. wonderful  C. helpful       D. hurtful
35. A. asleep   B. sleepy C. alone  D. lonely
36. A. complain     B. tolerate      C. change       D. apologize
37. A. unhappy      B. uncertain    C. unfriendly  D. unfamiliar
38. A. eat       B. feel     C. sleep   D. live
39. A. wrote   B. found  C. accepted    D. read
40. A. implied B. explained   C. declared     D. promised
41. A. words   B. stories C. records       D. details
42. A. pointing at   B. staring at   C. waiting for D. looking for
43. A. forgive B. accept       C. forget D. punish
44. A. happiness     B. regret  C. sadness       D. shame
45. A. diary   B. memory    C. imagination       D. life
46. A. because       B. unless C. if       D. although
47. A. understand   B. play   C. think D. relax
48. A. unkind  B. impatient    C. adult D. young
49. A. answers       B. difficulties  C. solutions    D. suggestions
50. A. for      B. by      C. in      D. against

To err is human. To blame the other guy is even more human.
Common sense is not all that common.
Why tell the truth when you can come up with a good excuse?
These three popular misquotes(戏谑的引语)are meant to be jokes, and yet they tell us a lot about human nature .To err, or to make mistakes, is indeed a part of being human, but it seems that most people don’t want to accept the responsibility for the problem. Perhaps it is the natural thing to do .The original quote about human nature went like this:” To err is human, to forgive, divine(神圣的).”This saying mirrors an deal people should be forgiving of others’ mistakes. Instead, we tend to do the opposite –find someone else to pass the blame on to. However, taking responsibility for something that went wrong is a making of great maturity.
Common sense is what we call clear thought. Having common sense means having a good general plan that will make things work well, and it also means staying with the plan. Commonsense tells you that you take an umbrella out into a rainstorm, but you leave the umbrella home when you hear a weather forecast for sunshine．Common sense does not seem to be common for large organizations, because there are so many things going on that one person cannot be in charge of everything. People say that in a large company,”the right hand does not know what the left hand is doing.”
And what is wrong with a society that thinks that making up a good excuse is like creating a work of art? One of the common problems with making excuses is that people, especially young people. get the idea that it’s okay not to be totally honest all the time. There is a corollary(直接推论)to that: if good excuse is “good”even if it isn’t honest, then where is the place of the truth?
1. According to tile passage, which of following seems the most human?
A. To search for truth．                    B. To achieve one’s ideal
C. To make fun of others’mistakes．          D. To criticize others for one’s own error.
2．According to the author, what is a sign of a man’s maturity?
A．Doing things his own way.
B．Bearing responsibility for his mistakes.
C．Making as few mistakes as possible．
D．Thinking seriously about his wrongdoing.
3．Which of the following is N0T based on common sense?
A．A man tries to take charge of everything in a large company.
B．A student goes out with an umbrella in stormy weather.
C．A company’s next move follows a good plan．
D．A lawyer acts on fine judgments．
4. What is the author’s opinion about a good excuse?
A. Making a good excuse is sometimes a better policy.
B. Inventing a good excuse needs creative ideas.
C. A good excuse is as rewarding as honesty.
D. Bitter truth is better than a good excuse.
5. What would be the best title for his passage?
A. A Mirror of Human Nature            B. To Blame or to Forgive
C. A Mark of Maturity                  D. Truth or Excuse

What is your favorite color? Do you like yellow, orange, red?  【小题1】Do you prefer grays and blues? Then you are probably quiet, shy, and you would rather follow than lead. You tend to be pessimist. At least, this is what psychologists tell us, and they should know, because they have been seriously studying the meaning of color preference, as well as the effect that colors have on human beings.  【小题2】 If you happen to love brown, you did so, as soon as you opened your eyes, or at least as soon as you could see clearly
 【小题3】 A yellow room makes most people feel more cheerful and more relaxed than a dark green one; and a red dress brings warmth and cheer to the saddest winter day.  【小题4】 A black bridge over the Thames River, near London, used to be the scene of more suicides(自杀) than any other bridge in the area-until it was repainted green. The number of suicide attempts immediately fell sharply. Perhaps it would have fallen even more if the bridge had been done in pink or baby blue.
【小题5】 It is an established fact that factory workers work better, harder, and have fewer accidents when their machines are painted orange rather than black or gray.