题目列表(包括答案和解析)
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Directions:Read the following passage.Fill in the numbered blanks by using the information from the passage
Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
Since the earliest civilizations, people have controlled rivers to meet society's demands.Today, rivers are controlled for many reasons, primarily to maintain reliable water supplies for daily, agricultural and industrial needs, for power generation, for navigation(航行), and to prevent flooding.
River control is achieved by channelization, a term that covers a range of river engineering works, including widening, deepening, straightening and stabilization of banks, and by the construction of dams.
An important period of channelization took place in Europe during the l9'th century, when many large rivers were straightened and their beds deepened.One of the most dramatically changed was the Tisza River, a branch of the Danube that flows through Hungary.The controlling of the Tisza, designed to reduce flooding and make land for agriculture, included cutting off more than 100 meanders(河曲), shortening the river's length by nearly 400 kilometers.
One of the most common ways in which people control rivers is by damming them.The past 50 years or so has seen an increase in dam construction worldwide, and at the beginning of the 21st century, there were about 800, 000 dams globally, some towering more than 200 meters in height.
Despite their successes, many dams also cause significant environmental changes that prove harmful.Some particularly deep reservoirs(水库)can bring about earthquakes due to the stress on their bottom rocks caused by huge volumes of water.Downstream of a reservoir, the river is certainly influenced in many ways:water volume, speed and quality are all affected, leading to changes in the landscape and among plants and animals.
Simply by analyzing a drop of blood, a doctor will be able to diagnose a birth defect or even cancer when it is in the early stage; using new technology, a material lighter but much stronger than steel can be produced.
These may sound like dreams at present. But the dreams may soon come true as research findings in laboratories are being turned into products more rapidly in the new century, according to experts participating in the fourth Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Technomart, a technology exhibition and trade fair in Suzhou.
"Most people think nano-technology(纳米技术)is too far-fetched to be real. But in fact nano-technology has been applied in a wide range of fields, such as medicine. It is coming into our daily life," said Cheng Jiachong from a Hong Kong-based nano-technology firm.
Nano-technology based on the nanometer, the unit of which is a billionth of a meter, enables scientists to have new concepts of disease diagnosis and treatment on a molecular(分子)and atomic scale, Cheng said.
By using nanometer particles, a doctor can separate the fetus cells(胚胎细胞)from the blood of a pregnant woman to see if the development of the fetus is normal. This method is also being used in the early diagnosis of cancer and heart disease, he said.
One of the most significant impacts of nano-technology is at the bio-inorganic materials interface, according to Greg Tegart, executive advisor of the APEC Center for Technology Foresight.
"By combining enzymes(酶)and silicon chips we can produce biosensors. These could be implanted in humans or animals to monitor health and to deliver corrective doses(剂量)of drugs," he told the participants a technology forum during the exhibition.
"Nano-technology could affect the production of nearly every man-made object, from automobiles, tires and computer circuits(电路), to advanced medicines and tissue replacement, and lead to the invention of objects yet to be imagined," said David Minns, a special advisor to the National Research Council of Canada.
It has been shown that carbon nano-tubes are ten times as strong as steel, with one sixth of the weight, and nano-scale systems have the potential to make supersonic transport cost- effective and to increase computer efficiency by millions of times, he said.
The experts agreed that the APEC technology exhibition and trade fair provided many chances for exchanges of innovative ideas and products.
【小题1】Realization of the dreams mentioned in the first paragraph will mainly base on ________.
| A.APEC | B.Chinese scientist |
| C.the APEC Center for Technology Foresight | D.Nano-technology |
| A. | B. | C. | D. |
| A.Nano-technology could only be used to invent new objects. |
| B.Nano-technology could be widely used to produce or invent objects. |
| C.Nano-technology is a money-consuming technology. |
| D.Nano-technology can not be used to improve the service of Internet. |
| A.stronger and lighter | B.lighter but as strong |
| C.stronger but as light | D.poor in quality |
When you visit America, you will see the word Motel on signs and notice boards. It is made up of “motor” and “hotel” and it is really a hotel for people who arrive by car (how-ever, you don’t need a car to stay at one). You have to pay when you arrive for your room, which usually has a bath. Meals are not provided, but there will certainly be a cafeteria (自助餐馆). Americans eat a lot of salads and sandwiches. Along the main roads there are a lot of motels. Each tries to offer more than next. Some provide television in every bedroom; others have swimming pools; and so on. Motels are especially useful when you are in the country, far from a town or city. You will also find them in the big National Parks.
In these great National Parks, you may meet guests you don’t expect to see. An American friend told me a little story. In the middle of a moonless night she heard strange noises outside her motel window in the Yellowstone National Park in Wyoming. Thinking it might be a thief, she jumped out of bed, opened the door and crept towards a dark shadow. As she got close, she saw the thief. She was dreadfully frightened: it wasn’t a human thief — it was a big black bear. The bear was turning over some empty tins with its paw, looking for tasty bits of food. My friend decided to leave that particular thief alone!
There are also, of course, places called “rooming houses”, where they receive lodgers (房客). You will see such signs as Tourists or Rooms Rent, and you could try one of these. A word of warning — looking for a room in New York during the tourist season is like looking for gold on the moon!
Which of the following is TRUE about motels?
A. You can only find motels in the big National Parks.
B. They are free for people who arrive by car.
C. If you want to stay at a motel, you must have a car.
D. The word “motel” is formed by two words.
Which of the following is NOT provided by motels?
A. Baths. B. Swimming pools.
C. TV. D. Meals.
The underlined word “crept” in the second paragraph probably means “______”.
A. moved slowly B. rushed out
C. threw away D. ran fast
The second paragraph mainly tells us ______.
A. an interesting story
B. the experience of the author’s friend
C. we may meet animals in the National Parks
D. bears usually look for food at night
From the last paragraph, we can learn that in New York during the tourist season ______.
A. tourists can find gold there
B. tourists can have a sweet dream there
C. it is difficult to find a room there
D. there is warning for tourists to New York
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