阅读理解

　　Despite the cost of a letter, it is often the most economical (节俭的) way to negotiate (商定) business. You can’t talk much by along distance call during business hours of transmit (发射) much in a telex (打字电报) for the cost of a letter. But for that money you can put your message in a letter and send it anywhere in the country and almost anywhere in the world.

　　Even if you did talk to another person, you do not have a written record, as you do if you follow the almost universal business practice of making a copy of your letter. Because a letter and its answer can make a written contract (合同), letters often replace (代替) personal calls and telephone calls even when the two parties are in the same city.

　　Telex, teletype (电传打字通信), and facsimile transmission (传真发送) provide written records of communications and have the added advantage of being virtually (实质上) immediate, though only people with access (接近) to the systems can receive messages. But their cost makes them impractical unless a company can make heavy use of them. This fact generally restricts (限制) their use to large organizations which have numerous locations (场所). Electronic messages without a printed copy have the same disadvantages as telephone calls, of course.

　　Still another advantage of a written communication is that both the writer and the reader can handle it at their most convenient times. Moreover, the reader usually gives it full attention without raising partially - considered objections and without interruption, a decided (明显的) psychological advantage.

1．What is the best title for the passage?

[　　]

A．Advantages of Written Communication.

B．Advantages and Disadvantages of Written Communication.

C．Ways to Negotiate Business.

D．Business Letters, an Economical Way.

2．Generally two companies in the same city will not use telephone calls negotiate business because ________.

[　　]

A．telephone calls ale expensive

B．telephone calls ale not quick

C．you can’t talk much by telephone calls

D．telephone calls makes no written contracts.

3．Compared with letters, telex and facsimile transmission have the advantage of ________.

[　　]

A．being very quick

B．being hardly immediate

C．providing written records

D．being costly

4．Telex and facsimile transmission are not widely used in business communications because ________.

[　　]

A．they are not economical

B．they are not immediate

C．many people don’t know how to use these systems

D．many organizations do not have many locations

5．The expression “raising partially - considered objections” in the last sentence of the passage means “________”.

[　　]

A．raising no objections

B．raising objections without careful consideration

C．raising objections with careful consideration

D．raising some objections with careful consideration

阅读理解

　　Tim Berners-Lee is the man who wrote the software(软件) programme that led to the foundation of the World Wide Web. Britain played an important part in developing the first generation(第一代)of computers. The parents of Tim Berners-Lee both worked on one of the earliest commercial(商业的) computers and talked about their work at home. As a child he would build models of computers from packaging material. After graduating from Oxford University he went onto the real thing. In the 1980's, scientists were already using a primitive version(原始版本)of E-mail. While working at a laboratory in Switzerland Tim Berners-Lee wrote a programme which let him store these messages. In 1990 he wrote the HTTP(服务程序所用的协议) and HTML(超文本链接标示语言)programmes which form the basis of the World Wide Web.

　　The next year his programmes were placed on to the internet. Everyone was welcome to use them and improve them if they could. Programmers used his codes(编码) to work with different operating systems(系统). New things like web browsers(浏览器) and search engines were developed. Between 1991 and 1994 the number of web pages dose from 10 to 100000.

　　In 1994 Tim Berners-Lee formed the newly formed World Wide Web Consortium(协会)or W3C. More than 200 leading companies and laboratories are represented(代表) by W3C. Together they make sure that everyone can participate(参加) equally on the Web.

(1)The main idea of this passage is ________.

[　　]

A．when the internet appeared

B．how Tim Berners formed W3C

C．why computers develop so rapidly

D．how the World Wide Web started

(2)Scientists began to use E-mail ________.

[　　]

A．in 1980　　　　　B．after the 1980's

C．before 1990　　　D．in the 1960's

(3)Which of the following is not true?

[　　]

A．The number of web pages rose very rapidly in the 1990's.

B．Tim's programmes were placed on to the internet in 1990.

C．The World Wide Web will have an effect(影响) on social development.

D．Tim Berners-Lee made a great contribution to the computer science.

阅读理解

　　Tim Berners-Lee is the man who wrote the software(软件) programme that led to the foundation of the World Wide Web. Britain played an important part in developing the first generation(第一代)of computers. The parents of Tim Berners-Lee both worked on one of the earliest commercial(商业的) computers and talked about their work at home. As a child he would build models of computers from packaging material. After graduating from Oxford University he went onto the real thing. In the 1980's, scientists were already using a primitive version(原始版本)of E-mail. While working at a laboratory in Switzerland Tim Berners-Lee wrote a programme which let him store these messages. In 1990 he wrote the HTTP(服务程序所用的协议) and HTML(超文本链接标示语言)programmes which form the basis of the World Wide Web.

　　The next year his programmes were placed on to the internet. Everyone was welcome to use them and improve them if they could. Programmers used his codes(编码) to work with different operating systems(系统). New things like web browsers(浏览器) and search engines were developed. Between 1991 and 1994 the number of web pages dose from 10 to 100000.

　　In 1994 Tim Berners-Lee formed the newly formed World Wide Web Consortium(协会)or W3C. More than 200 leading companies and laboratories are represented(代表) by W3C. Together they make sure that everyone can participate(参加) equally on the Web.

(1)The main idea of this passage is ________.

[　　]

A．when the internet appeared

B．how Tim Berners formed W3C

C．why computers develop so rapidly

D．how the World Wide Web started

(2)Scientists began to use E-mail ________.

[　　]

A．in 1980　　　　　B．after the 1980's

C．before 1990　　　D．in the 1960's

(3)Which of the following is not true?

[　　]

A．The number of web pages rose very rapidly in the 1990's.

B．Tim's programmes were placed on to the internet in 1990.

C．The World Wide Web will have an effect(影响) on social development.

D．Tim Berners-Lee made a great contribution to the computer science.

书面表达

　　假如你是一商店售货员，实际工作中你对商店的管理有一些自己的想法，于是写了一封信给你的经理，反映了以下问题：

　　1．顾客是上帝的观念还没有被工作人员接受。有些人甚至对衣着差点的顾客态度粗鲁。

　　2．服务员缺少（lack）应有的实用知识，使得商店经营不佳。因此，培训服务员很有必要。

　　3．商店信息不灵，应配备现代化设备，以便在竞争中获得必要的信息。

参考词汇：the idea that…/be rude to…/be poorly dressed /be badly operated…/be not well informed/be equipped with