第二节：完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Man-made Causes
Man-made causes probably do the most damage. There are many man-made causes.  21  is one of the biggest man-made problems. Pollution  22  in many shapes and sizes. Burning fossil fuels is one thing that causes pollution. Fossil(化石) fuels(燃料)are fuels made of organic matter such as coal, or oil. when fossil fuels are burned they  23  a green house gas called CO2. Also mining coal and oil allows methane to escape. How does it escape? Methane(甲烷)is  24  in the ground.  25  coal or oil is mined you have to dig up the earth a little. When you dig up the fossil fuels you dig up the methane as well.
Another major man-made  26  of Global Warming is population. More people  27  more food, and more methods of transportation, right? That means more methane because  28  will be more burning of fossil fuels, ­ 29  more agriculture. Now you’re probably thinking, “Wait a minute, you said agriculture is going to be damaged by Global Warming, but  30  you’re saying agriculture is going to help cause Global Warming?” Well, have you  31 been in a barn filled with animals and you smell something  32 ? You re  33  methane. Another source of methane is manure. Because more food is needed we have to raise food. Animals like cows are a source of food which means more manure and methane. Another problem  34  the increasing population is  35 . More people means more cars, and more cares means more pollution. Also, many people have more than one car.
Since CO2 contributes to global warming, the increase in population makes the problem worse because we breathe out CO2.  36 , the trees that change our CO2 to oxygen are being demolished because we’re using the land that we cut the trees down from as property  37 our homes and buildings. We are not replacing the trees(an important part of our ecosystem), so we are  38  taking  39  of our natural resources and giving nothing back in  40 .
21．A．Pollution  B．Damage  C．Fossil          D．Transportation
22．A．goes      B．comes     C．takes         D．moves
23．A．give off    B．look out  C．burn away     D．take in
24．A．originally  B．mostly    C．naturally      D．usually
25．A．Because    B．When     C．While          D．But
26．A．reason      B．excuse    C．cause         D．problem
27．A．eats       B．takes       C．produces      D．means
28．A．it          B．there       C．that          D．they
29．A．and       B．or       C．though         D．but
30．A．then      B．there       C．before         D．now
31．A．ever      B．yet     C．still          D．even
32．A．Pleasant    B．terrible   C．sweet         D．nice
33．A．feeling     B．using      C．looking        D．smelling
34．A．of         B．as       C．with         D．for
35．A．pollution  B．population      C．warming   D．transportation
36．A．Also      B．However C．Therefore     D．Thus
37．A．as         B．for     C．like          D．to
38．A．Quickly   B．constantly       C．surely       D．usually
39．A．use        B．part     C．hold         D．advantage
40．A．return       B．turn     C．general        D．Total

The customs in different countries are rather different. If I have dinner with a Chinese host, he always puts more food onto my plate as soon as I have emptied it. That often discomforts me greatly. I have to eat the food even if I do not want to, because it is considered bad manners in the west to leave one’s food on the plate. I have also noticed that when a Chinese sits at an American’s dinner party, he often refuses the offer of drink though he’s in fact still hungry or thirsty. This might be good manners in China but it is not in the west at all. In the United States, it is impolite to keep asking someone again and again or insist on his accepting something. Americans have a direct way of speaking. If they want something, they will ask for it. If not, they will say, “No, thanks.” When an American is served with beer by the host, for example, he might say, “No, thanks. I’ll take some orange juice if you have it.” That is what an American will do. So when you go to the United States, you’d better remember the famous saying: “when in Rome, do as the Romans do.”
【小题1】From this passage we can see that the writer is         .

We’ve all seen them: perfectly toned famous people on late-night television telling us that we too can develop rock-hard abdominal muscles（腹肌）. It’s easy! Just pay $149.99 for the Torso Track or $149.75 for the Ad-Doer and watch those unwanted inches leave your waist. Americans spend tens of million of dollars on various products to firm up their fat around the waist.

And did they work? Not necessarily. Independent studies have concluded that most of these products-no matter who approved them or how expensive they are-shape your midsection no better than old-fashioned stomach crunches（仰卧起坐）. Some can even cause injury-like the $518.99 Body Shaper-Q8SP, which left electrical burns on some researchers at the University of Wisconsin, La Crosse. Others, like the popular Ab-Doer, trpically burn less energy than a gentle walk, according to a study to be published in September by the American Council on Exercise.

The fact is that many Americans don’t have the biological makeup to develop an obvious abdominal muscles. They are either unable to get the necessary muscle mass or they can’t lose enough fat to make a difference. Even if the underlying muscles are well developed, and it takes to hide it is one-sixteenth of tan inch of fat. That’s enough to dismiss most healthy women as well as plenty of guys who do crunches every day.

So what works best? In its new study, the exercise experts researched on the results of the popular Ab-Doer. A lengthy TV advertisement promises that just 10 minutes a day performing such movements as “Body Boogies” and “Good Mornings” will “help form those muscles the fun and easy way without diets.” Steven Loy, professor at California State University, Northridge, tested the promise by measuring the electrical activity produced by the abdominal muscles during three Ab-Doer movements. He and his colleagues then compared the results with those produced during traditional exercises. They determined that the muscles were no more active, and in some cases less so, when exercisers were using the Ab-Doer.

Taking a broader approach, researchers at San Diego State University compared 13 abdominal exercises for their ability to develop the central abdominal muscles. They concluded, in a report published in May, that the most effective exercises kept turning the body and worked the muscles the entire time. Among the winners: the bicycle movements-so called because it looks as if you are riding a bike while lying flat on the floor-and exercises performed on the “Captain’s Chair”, a product typically found in gyms that helps hold the body in the air while you raise your legs up toward your chest. Researchers suggested that a varied routine of the different exercises could deliver the best results.

1.Which of the following is the most effective in building abdominal muscles?

    A．Torso Track.                         B．Ab-Doer.

    C．Captain’s Chair.                                        D．Body Shaper-Q8SP.

2.According to the author, it’s difficult for many Americans to get visible firm abdominal muscles mainly because         .

    A．they do not put in enough efforts

    B．injuries interrupt their exercise frequently

    C．they change their exercise routine regularly

    D．how big their muscles will be is determined by birth

3.The author convinces the readers by        .

    A．describing successful eases          B．offering professional connects

    C．presenting findings of researches    D．comparing advertisements of products

4.What’s the main purpose of this passage?

    A．To research and develop in order to create the perfect stomach and exercise machine.

    B．To promote proven exercise techniques and to advise against false advertisements.

    C．To indicate that diet and exercises are necessary factors for a fit midsection.

    D．To sponsor rich healthy lifestyle based on advanced product research.

_1__.If you give and give without making time to fill your own needs, then it’s likely you will burn out, or feel upset. When you take and take without giving back, you never feel fulfilled, so you are always searching for ways to fill the void in your life.

   The way to create a healthy balance between giving and receiving is to know and then live by your values. I break values up into two groups which I call being and having values. __2__I suggest to my clients that they choose three being values that are willing to make a commitment to live by. An example of some being values are :kind, loving, generous, inspirational, peaceful, wise and even powerful. By acting on these values you give to others through your actions and you inspire others by being a positive role model. Mastering being these character traits becomes your life purpose.

   __3__.These could be companionship, achievement, and support, being valued or financial security. This is what you receive. You take responsibility for filling your own needs by taking steps to create these feelings and conditions in your life.

   When you make a commitment to live by your being values, it becomes easier to make conscious choices rather than reactionary ones. If your usual pattern is to talk about your problems, you could choose to think and act like a calm person. _4__.If your usual pattern is to worry, you could choose to act like a responsible or wise person. In other words, you would act like the person you choose to be ---this is the key to personal power.

  When you choose to act on your values, you not only feel good about yourself, you reinforce your chosen beliefs. ___5___.

A.  Young people have a different set of values.

B.  You feel that you have a responsibility to help them.

C.  Your having values are the feelings you need to create in order to be happy.

D.  Your being values are the character traits （特征，特点）of the ideal person you would like to be.

E.  You feel happiest when you create a healthy balance between giving and receiving.

F.  A calm person might go for a walk, meditate, or set a time limit before responding.

G.  Over time acting in this way changes how you see the world , and in turn the way other people think of you.

  My daddy doesn’t know how to express love. It is my mum that makes everyone happy and calm in

our family; while Daddy only works day and night, never looking us in the face. But Mum makes a

wrongdoing list of us for Daddy scolding us. She was a spy!

  Once, I stole a candy. Daddy asked me to put it back and told the shopkeeper I would like to carry

loads for her. Well, Mum told him I was jut a child.

  I broke my leg on the playground. It’s still Mum that held me tightly in her warm arms. Daddy

drove us right to emergency room. He was asked to move the car away for that space was for

ambulance. Daddy got angry, “What do you think of it? A touring car?”

  On my birthday party, it was, again, my mum that took over the cake for me. And my dad was busy

with blowing balloons and setting the table and doing the housework.

  While looking over our album, my friends always ask, “What does your father look like?” God

knows. He photos others all the time. So there are many photos of my mum and me, pretty and lovely

photos.

  And I still remembered the day when dad taught me riding. I asked him not to let his hands away,

but he did the opposite. And I certainly fell onto the ground. I got angry and decided to get on the bike

and rode. But he smiled again.

  Mum wrote every letter to me while I was in college. He, except checks, did write a letter, but

extremely short, just a few words, saying, “Without your playing on the lawn, my son, my lawn grows

prettier than before.”

  Every time I phoned, it seemed that he wanted to talk, but he would say, “I will get your mum.”

  On the day of my wedding, Mum cried as if we would never meet again, while dad went out with a

nasal sound.

  From very young, I heard him saying, “Where have you been?” “When do you go home?” “Did you

get oil for your car?” “…” Dad really knows nothing about showing love. Unless…

  Maybe he showed while I didn’t notice.

1. From the first and second paragraphs, we can infer that ______.

  A. it was the daddy that was in charge of his children’s education

  B. the writer’s parents loved their children, at the same time, they were strict with them

  C. the children were all afraid of their father so they had to be cute

  D. the writer’s mom was like a spy who reported what the children did to the father

2. Why did the father get angry when he sent the writer to the hospital?

  A. Because he parked his car at a wrong place.

  B. Because the parking space of the ambulance was very crowded.

  C. Because the writer’s injury made the father quite upset.

  D. Because the person paid little attention to his son’s serious injury.

3. According to Paragraph Six, we know the father______.

  A. was not patient when he taught the writer riding

  B. might want to see his child fall off the bike

  C. used a wrong way of teaching his child riding

  D. might want his son to learn riding through independent practice

4. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

  A. The dad posted checks to the writer while he was in college.

  B. The dad had no single photo of his own in the album.

  C. The dad scolded the writer for having damaged the lawn.

  D. The dad got excited when participating in the writer’s wedding.