They leap from helicopters or speeding boats, bringing aid to swimmers who get into trouble off Italy’s popular beaches.

For these dog lifeguards, the doggie paddle （狗刨式游法）does just fine.

These “lifedogs” tow a buoy(救生衣) that victims can grab, or a raft they can sit on to be towed back to shore, and unlike their human counterparts(与对方地位相当的人), they can easily jump from helicopters and speeding boats to reach swimmers in trouble.

With millions flocking(人群) to Italy’s crowded beaches each summer, the Italian Coast Guard says it rescues about 3,000 people every year — and their dog helpers are credited with saving several lives.

It takes three years for the canines to reach expert rescue status, and currently 300 dogs are fully trained for duty, said Roberto Gasbarri, who co-ordinates the Italian School of Canine Lifeguards program at a centre outside of Rome in the seaside town of Civitavecchia.

“Dogs are useful in containing the physical fatigue（疲劳） of the lifeguard, to increase the speed at which casualties（遇难者） are retrieved（找到并衔回）, to increase the security of both the casualty and of the lifeguard,” Gasbarri said.

The Civitavecchia centre is one of a dozen around the country for the school founded more than 20 years ago in the northern province of Bergamo by Ferruccio Pilenga, whose first trainee was his own Newfoundland.

The school will train any breed（品种）, as long as they weigh at least 30 kilograms, but Labradors, Newfoundlands and golden retrievers are most commonly used because of their natural instinct for swimming. Each dog works in tandem with（同 ……合作） a human lifeguard, who also acts as the animal’s trainer.

Which of the following can act as the best title fo the passage?

  A. Dogs to the Rescue                B. Dogs Are Good at Doggie Paddle

  C. The Wonderful Performance of Dogs  D. Dogs: Our Loyal Friends

What advantage do these life-dogs have over human lifeguards in a rescue?

  A. Dog can swim very fast                      B. Dogs can finish rescue work with ease.

  C. Dogs can finish the great work free of charge.    D. Dogs can easily be trained

Which of the following is TRUE about the Civitavecchia center according to the text?

A. Any breed can be trained there.

  B. The ones who have the gift for swimming are welcomed.

  C. After a better training, the dogs can work alone.

  D. It is the only place for training dog lifeguards in the school.

What does the writer want to tell us in the 4^th paragraph?

  A. Without the dog lifeguards, 3,000 people would lose their lives every year.

  B. The buautiful beaches attract millions of people every year.

  C. Dog lifeguards play an important part in a rescue.

  D. Italy is a famous place of interest.

They leap from helicopters or speeding boats, bringing aid to swimmers who get into trouble off Italy’s popular beaches.
For these dog lifeguards, the doggie paddle （狗刨式游法）does just fine.
These “lifedogs” tow a buoy(救生衣) that victims can grab, or a raft they can sit on to be towed back to shore, and unlike their human counterparts(与对方地位相当的人), they can easily jump from helicopters and speeding boats to reach swimmers in trouble.
With millions flocking(人群) to Italy’s crowded beaches each summer, the Italian Coast Guard says it rescues about 3,000 people every year — and their dog helpers are credited with saving several lives.
It takes three years for the canines to reach expert rescue status, and currently 300 dogs are fully trained for duty, said Roberto Gasbarri, who co-ordinates the Italian School of Canine Lifeguards program at a centre outside of Rome in the seaside town of Civitavecchia.
“Dogs are useful in containing the physical fatigue（疲劳） of the lifeguard, to increase the speed at which casualties（遇难者） are retrieved（找到并衔回）, to increase the security of both the casualty and of the lifeguard,” Gasbarri said.
The Civitavecchia centre is one of a dozen around the country for the school founded more than 20 years ago in the northern province of Bergamo by Ferruccio Pilenga, whose first trainee was his own Newfoundland.
The school will train any breed（品种）, as long as they weigh at least 30 kilograms, but Labradors, Newfoundlands and golden retrievers are most commonly used because of their natural instinct for swimming. Each dog works in tandem with（同 ……合作） a human lifeguard, who also acts as the animal’s trainer.
【小题1】Which of the following can act as the best title fo the passage?

They leap from helicopters or speeding boats, bringing aid to swimmers who get into trouble off Italy’s popular beaches.

For these dog lifeguards, the doggie paddle （狗刨式游法）does just fine.

These “lifedogs” tow a buoy(救生衣) that victims can grab, or a raft they can sit on to be towed back to shore, and unlike their human counterparts(与对方地位相当的人), they can easily jump from helicopters and speeding boats to reach swimmers in trouble.

With millions flocking(人群) to Italy’s crowded beaches each summer, the Italian Coast Guard says it rescues about 3,000 people every year — and their dog helpers are credited with saving several lives.

It takes three years for the canines to reach expert rescue status, and currently 300 dogs are fully trained for duty, said Roberto Gasbarri, who co-ordinates the Italian School of Canine Lifeguards program at a centre outside of Rome in the seaside town of Civitavecchia.

“Dogs are useful in containing the physical fatigue（疲劳） of the lifeguard, to increase the speed at which casualties（遇难者） are retrieved（找到并衔回）, to increase the security of both the casualty and of the lifeguard,” Gasbarri said.

The Civitavecchia centre is one of a dozen around the country for the school founded more than 20 years ago in the northern province of Bergamo by Ferruccio Pilenga, whose first trainee was his own Newfoundland.

The school will train any breed（品种）, as long as they weigh at least 30 kilograms, but Labradors, Newfoundlands and golden retrievers are most commonly used because of their natural instinct for swimming. Each dog works in tandem with（同 ……合作） a human lifeguard, who also acts as the animal’s trainer.

1.Which of the following can act as the best title fo the passage?

  A. Dogs to the Rescue                B. Dogs Are Good at Doggie Paddle

  C. The Wonderful Performance of Dogs  D. Dogs: Our Loyal Friends

2.What advantage do these life-dogs have over human lifeguards in a rescue?

  A. Dog can swim very fast                      B. Dogs can finish rescue work with ease.

  C. Dogs can finish the great work free of charge.    D. Dogs can easily be trained

3. Which of the following is TRUE about the Civitavecchia center according to the text?

A. Any breed can be trained there.

  B. The ones who have the gift for swimming are welcomed.

  C. After a better training, the dogs can work alone.

  D. It is the only place for training dog lifeguards in the school.

4.What does the writer want to tell us in the 4^th paragraph?

  A. Without the dog lifeguards, 3,000 people would lose their lives every year.

  B. The buautiful beaches attract millions of people every year.

  C. Dog lifeguards play an important part in a rescue.

  D. Italy is a famous place of interest.

第二部分：语言知识与运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节：完形填空（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21-30各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。

If you wear socks on your ears, you won’t be punished. Crossing a street against a red light is another matter — it’s against the law. Laws are __21________ rules made by governments. They keep peace and create order. __22_______ people break laws, their governments punish them. Long ago, people lived only in small tribal groups. They lived together, followed the same __23_______, and worshipped the same gods. There were no formal laws. __24_______, people were guided by their customs, morals, and religion.

Over time, cities began to form. Laws became more formal and were written down in legal codes. In about 1750 BC, the king of Babylon __25_______ one of the first legal codes, the Code of Hammurabi. It listed certain crimes and told how they should be punished. The ancient Romans helped shape our modern view of law. In the 600s BC, citizens of Rome wrote down all of their basic laws on twelve bronze tablets. The Romans declared that no citizen, __26_______ the ruler, was above the law. Modern law codes are rooted in the Roman system. Such law codes are statutory, meaning they are created and changed by legislatures, not by courts.

Another system of law __27_______ later in England. Before the 12th century AD., each part of England had its own rules and customs. From the 12th century onward, England became a single nation. The courts of the land made sure people __28_______ a common set of customs—the English common law.

Unlike the Roman system of law, the common law was never written down in one place. Instead, the courts made decisions about the law __29_______ earlier court decisions. Those decisions are called examples. Each case must be decided in the same way as earlier cases. But if a case has some new aspects, the decision made will set a new example. That way, courts gradually change the law __30_______ society changes.

21.   A. police                      B. political                          C. official                     D. officer

22.   A. Unless                            B. Until                               C. Though                    D. When

23.   A. laws                        B. traditions                         C. action                      D. principles

24.   A. Instead                     B. Including                        C. Besides                    D. Moreover

25.   A. imagined                  B. assumed                          C. created                     D. supposed

26.   A. except for                B. not even                          C. in addition to            D. besides

27.   A. took effect               B. made up                          C. got over                   D. picked up

28.   A. formed                    B. provided                         C. presented                  D. followed

29.   A. set about                  B. based on                          C. came to                    D. taken over

30.   A. before                      B. after                               C. despite                            D. as

阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。请在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选项字母涂黑。

首先，请阅读以下六种社会群体的简介：

Future Foundation咨询公司对英国社会的生活方式进行了研究，发现了六种群体：

A. Transient 20s

The transient 20s are an emerging group who refuse to settle down. They regularly change jobs, and move from one area to another for adventure and travel. Driven by changes and new challenges, they reject job and home security. Areas like Manchester and Bright will see a flood of these 20-somethings over the next decade.

B. Urban Farmer

The urban farmer is a city-dweller but tries to re-create country life by growing his own organic vegetables in a garden. He may live in the busy suburbs and drive a sporty vehicle, but nothing better than a long walk.

C. Young Fogy

The young fogies are a generation of youthful Londoners who behave as if they were middle-aged. They are in their 20s, but they give up night clubs for radio programs, and trendy bars for traditional bars. They are also characterized by a love of real ale, good housekeeping and comfort-over-style clothes.

D. Brickies' Wags

These wags' (wives and girlfriends) spending power is growing. The tradesman's wife now uses his cash for designer clothes, Vogue and champagne, gold jewelry and expensive cars. This woman is most likely to be found within easy reach of central London, where her husband makes a fortune.

E. Virtual Villagers

This group of people has nothing to do with the popular online game Virtual Villagers. They are the people who are set to take advantage of major technological advances. Offices could be emptying out over the next 10 years as the number of Brits escaping to rural areas will triple because of the World Wide Web. Areas where countryside and motorways are in good supply will be key homes for these villagers.

F. The Unstoppable

The unstoppable are those people over 65 who still enjoy eating out, traveling, taking evening classes and generally having a good time.

阅读下面五个人的情况介绍，请与相应的社会群体匹配：

56. D. Gruber used to work with a foreign trade firm in central London for many years. He felt so tired physically and mentally that he was about to give his job up. Luckily, with the help of his wife, a computer programmer, he can continue his job at home by using the Internet. He enjoys the advantages technology has on his life.

57. Irene Ponbs has settled down in London after he graduated from college in 2003. Unlike his colleagues who spend most nights in a noisy place such as a club and a bar, he prefers to live a quiet life, listening to radio programs and doing housework.

58. J. Barnes had a hard time adapting himself to the retired life. Later, he found great happiness visiting different places before he was addicted to planting vegetables in his gardens. Now he is much healthier by eating such vegetables and taking a walk in the morning.

59. M. Neilson recently often quarrels with his girlfriend May. May is eager to marry and have a stable home. However, Neilson thinks it is foolish to stay in the same place and do the same job to support a family.

60. H. Wolf now is very grateful to her parents' decision. Otherwise, she would live in the countryside and struggle to make both ends meet with Jim. Now, she only needs to learn how to shop and dress herself up. Her parents chose Mr. Right for her, who could afford almost everything she dreamed of.