阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项中选出最佳答案.

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

　　Technology has been an encouragement of historical change. It acted as such a force in England beginning in the eighteenth century, and across the entire Western World in the nineteenth. Rapid advances were made in the use of scientific findings in the manufacture（制造）of goods, which has changed ideas about work. One of the first changes was that other forms of energy have taken the place of human power. Along with this came the increased use of machines to manufacture products in less time. People also developed machines that could produce the same parts for a product each nail was exactly like every other nail, meaning that each nail could be changed for every other nail. This means that goods could be mass production, although mass production required breaking production down into smaller and smaller tasks.

　　Once this was done, workers no longer started on the product and labored to complete it. Instead, they might work only one thousandth of it, other workers completing their own parts in certain order. There is nothing strange about this manufacturing work by today's standards. Highly skilled workers were unable to compare with the new production techniques, as mass production allowed goods of high standard to be produced in greater number than could ever be done by hand. But the skilled worker wasn't the only loser, the common workers lost too. Similar changes forced farmers away. The increased mechanization（机械化）of agriculture freed masses of workers from ploughing the land and harvesting its crops. They had little choice but to stream toward the rapidly developing industrial centers. Increasingly, standards were set by machines. Workers no longer owned their own tools, their skill was no longer valued, and pride in their work was no longer possible. Workers fed, looked after and repaired the machines that could work faster than humans at greatly reduced cost.

（1）In this passage, which of the following is NOT considered as a change caused by the use of scientific findings in the production of goods?

[　　]

A. Other forms of energy have taken the place of human power.

B. The increased exploitation of workers in the 19th century,

C. The increased use of machines to make products in less time.

D. The use of machines producing parts of the same standard.

（2）The underlined word this in the first paragraph refers to ________.

[　　]

A. the use of scientific findings

B. the practice of producing the same parts for a product

C. the human power being replaced by other forms of energy

D. the technology becoming the encouragement of historical change

（3）The underlined word this in the second paragraph refers to the change that ________.

[　　]

A. each nail could be taken the place of by every other nail

B. each nail was exactly like every other nail

C. producing tasks became smaller and smaller

D. goods could be mass produced

（4）According to the writer, highly skilled workers ________.

[　　]

A. completely disappeared with the coming of the factory system

B. were dismissed by the boss

C. were unable to produce goods of high standard

D. were unable to produce fine goods at that same speed as machines

（5）According to the passage, what did the farmers have to do with the coming of mechanization of agriculture?

[　　]

A. Many of them had to leave their farmland for industrial centers.

B. They stuck to their farm work.

C. They refused to use machines.

D. They did their best to learn how to use the machine.

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项中选出最佳答案.

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

　　Technology has been an encouragement of historical change. It acted as such a force in England beginning in the eighteenth century, and across the entire Western World in the nineteenth. Rapid advances were made in the use of scientific findings in the manufacture（制造）of goods, which has changed ideas about work. One of the first changes was that other forms of energy have taken the place of human power. Along with this came the increased use of machines to manufacture products in less time. People also developed machines that could produce the same parts for a product each nail was exactly like every other nail, meaning that each nail could be changed for every other nail. This means that goods could be mass production, although mass production required breaking production down into smaller and smaller tasks.

　　Once this was done, workers no longer started on the product and labored to complete it. Instead, they might work only one thousandth of it, other workers completing their own parts in certain order. There is nothing strange about this manufacturing work by today's standards. Highly skilled workers were unable to compare with the new production techniques, as mass production allowed goods of high standard to be produced in greater number than could ever be done by hand. But the skilled worker wasn't the only loser, the common workers lost too. Similar changes forced farmers away. The increased mechanization（机械化）of agriculture freed masses of workers from ploughing the land and harvesting its crops. They had little choice but to stream toward the rapidly developing industrial centers. Increasingly, standards were set by machines. Workers no longer owned their own tools, their skill was no longer valued, and pride in their work was no longer possible. Workers fed, looked after and repaired the machines that could work faster than humans at greatly reduced cost.

（1）In this passage, which of the following is NOT considered as a change caused by the use of scientific findings in the production of goods?

[　　]

A. Other forms of energy have taken the place of human power.

B. The increased exploitation of workers in the 19th century,

C. The increased use of machines to make products in less time.

D. The use of machines producing parts of the same standard.

（2）The underlined word this in the first paragraph refers to ________.

[　　]

A. the use of scientific findings

B. the practice of producing the same parts for a product

C. the human power being replaced by other forms of energy

D. the technology becoming the encouragement of historical change

（3）The underlined word this in the second paragraph refers to the change that ________.

[　　]

A. each nail could be taken the place of by every other nail

B. each nail was exactly like every other nail

C. producing tasks became smaller and smaller

D. goods could be mass produced

（4）According to the writer, highly skilled workers ________.

[　　]

A. completely disappeared with the coming of the factory system

B. were dismissed by the boss

C. were unable to produce goods of high standard

D. were unable to produce fine goods at that same speed as machines

（5）According to the passage, what did the farmers have to do with the coming of mechanization of agriculture?

[　　]

A. Many of them had to leave their farmland for industrial centers.

B. They stuck to their farm work.

C. They refused to use machines.

D. They did their best to learn how to use the machine.

完形填空

　　I'll never forget the day, September 11,2001. It is considered to be the 1 day in American history. I felt that 2 when the first terrorist (恐怖分子) plane hit the World Trade Center as I 3 in the North Tower that morning. I 4 to get out of the smoke-filled building. I heard the sounds of people 5 from the high floors of the towers. I saw men and women stuck in the building, waving for help in the fire as the South Tower fell down to the ground right in front of my 6 . I was about 200 meters away. No one knew what had happened. To 7 , like millions affected by the attack, the real challenge (挑战) just started that day. China Daily Office had been in the United States 8 1983. After that, our office had no longer been on the earth, 9 along with our computers. It's hard to imagine a 10 misfortune in newspaper business than that. We had to rebuild our computer office as quickly as possible. Together with my 11 , we worked day and night during which the post of China Daily was never stopped, not 12 for a single day. As we were trying our best to get back to “normal” business, the anthrax (炭疽) attack struck East Coast post offices. We had 13 choice but to go on with our business as “ 14 ”. We wore gloves and mouth masks while we were busy with hundreds of pieces of mail daily. We had to work in my living room 15 we had not yet found an office. How terrible those days were! Now it is the anniversary (周年纪念日) of September 11. 16 is time enough for many things. We have fought battles and won. We have 17 our business. Yet, we are not heroes. We burst into 18 when we saw photos of our friends who died in the World Trade Center from the New York Times. We often doubted if the worst was over and we felt 19 about the future. If we are any different from what we 20 before September 11, we are stronger.

　　(author: Sun Lingling, the manager of China Daily in North America 11/09/2002)

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Technology has been an encouragement of historical change. It acted as such a force in England beginning in the eighteenth century, and across the entire Western World in the nineteenth. Rapid advances were made in the use of scientific findings in the manufacture (制造) of goods, which has changed ideas about work. One of the first changes was that other forms of energy have taken the place of human power. Along with this came the increased use of machines to manufacture products in less time. People also developed machines that could produce the same parts for a product: each nail was exactly like every other nail, meaning that each nail could be changed for every other nail. This means that goods could be mass production, although mass production required breaking production down into smaller and smaller tasks.

Once this was done, workers no longer started on the product and labored to complete it. Instead, they might work only one thousandth of it, other workers completing their own parts in certain order. There is nothing strange about this manufacturing work by today's standards. Highly skilled workers were unable to compare with the new production techniques, as mass production allowed goods of high standard to be produced in greater number than could ever be done by hand. But the skilled worker wasn't the only loser, the common workers lost too. Similar changes forced farmer away. The increased mechanization (机械化) of agriculture freed masses of workers from ploughing the land and harvesting its crops. They had no choice but to stream toward the rapidly developing industrial centers. Increasingly, standards were set by machines. Workers no longer owned their own tools, their skill was no longer valued, and pride in their work was no longer possible. Workers fed, looked after and repaired the machines that could work faster than humans at greatly reduced cost.

1.In this passage, which of the following is NOT considered as a change caused by the use of scientific findings in the production of goods?

A．Other forms of energy have taken the place of human power.

B．The increased exploitation (剥削)of workers in the 19th century.

C．The increased use of machines to make products in less time.

D．The use of machines producing parts of the same standard.

2.The underlined word “this ”in the second paragraph refers to the change that ______

A．each nail could be taken the place of by every other nail

B．each nail was exactly like every other nail

C．producing tasks became smaller and smaller

D．goods could be mass produced

3.According to the writer, highly skilled workers ______

A．completely disappeared with the coming of the factory system

B．were dismissed(解散) by the boss

C．were unable to produce goods of high standard

D．were unable to produce fine goods at that same speed as machines

4.According to the passage, what did the farmers have to do with the coming of mechanization of agriculture?

A. Many of them had to leave their farmland for industrial centers.

B. They stuck to their farm work.

C. They refused to use machines.

D They did their best to learn how to use the machines.

 

Technology has been an encouragement of historical change. It acted as such a force in England beginning in the eighteenth century, and across the entire Western World in the nineteenth. Rapid advances were made in the use of scientific findings in the manufacture (制造) of goods, which has changed ideas about work. One of the first changes was that other forms of energy have taken the place of human power. Along with this came the increased use of machines to manufacture products in less time. People also developed machines that could produce the same parts for a product: each nail was exactly like every other nail, meaning that each nail could be changed for every other nail. This means that goods could be mass production, although mass production required breaking production down into smaller and smaller tasks.
Once this was done, workers no longer started on the product and labored to complete it. Instead, they might work only one thousandth of it, other workers completing their own parts in certain order. There is nothing strange about this manufacturing work by today's standards. Highly skilled workers were unable to compare with the new production techniques, as mass production allowed goods of high standard to be produced in greater number than could ever be done by hand. But the skilled worker wasn't the only loser, the common workers lost too. Similar changes forced farmer away. The increased mechanization (机械化) of agriculture freed masses of workers from ploughing the land and harvesting its crops. They had no choice but to stream toward the rapidly developing industrial centers. Increasingly, standards were set by machines. Workers no longer owned their own tools, their skill was no longer valued, and pride in their work was no longer possible. Workers fed, looked after and repaired the machines that could work faster than humans at greatly reduced cost.
【小题1】In this passage, which of the following is NOT considered as a change caused by the use of scientific findings in the production of goods?

A．Other forms of energy have taken the place of human power.

B．The increased exploitation (剥削)of workers in the 19th century.

C．The increased use of machines to make products in less time.

D．The use of machines producing parts of the same standard.

【小题2】The underlined word “this ”in the second paragraph refers to the change that ______

A．each nail could be taken the place of by every other nail

B．each nail was exactly like every other nail

C．producing tasks became smaller and smaller

D．goods could be mass produced

【小题3】According to the writer, highly skilled workers ______

A．completely disappeared with the coming of the factory system

B．were dismissed(解散) by the boss

C．were unable to produce goods of high standard

D．were unable to produce fine goods at that same speed as machines

【小题4】According to the passage, what did the farmers have to do with the coming of mechanization of agriculture?
A. Many of them had to leave their farmland for industrial centers.
B. They stuck to their farm work.
C. They refused to use machines.
D They did their best to learn how to use the machines.