阅读理解

　　Every living thing has a physical boundary(分界线) that separated it from its external environment. Beginning with the bacteria and the simple cell and ending with man, every organism has a certain limit which marks where it begins and ends.

　　Anyone who has had experience with dogs, particularly in the countryside such as on farms, is familiar with the way in which the dog handles space. In the first place, the dog knows the limits of his aster's yard and will defend it against encroachment. There are also certain places where he steeps: a spot next to the fireplace, a spot in the kitchen, or one in the dinning room if he is allowed there. In short a dog has fixed points to which he returns time after time depending upon the occasion. One can also observe that the dog creates zone he is in, a trespasser(非法进入者) can cause different behaviours when he crosses the invisible lines which are meaningful to the dog.

　　This is particularly noticeable in females with pup-pies. A mother who has a new litter(一胎所生的小动物) in a little-used barn wall claim the barn as her territory. When the door opens she may make a slight movement or stir in one corner. Nothing else may happen as the intruder moves ten or fifteen feet into the barn. Then the dog may raise her head or get up circle about and lie down as another visible boundary is crossed. One can tell about where the line is by withdrawing and watching when her head goes down. As additional lines are crossed, there will be other signals, a thumping(重击) of the tail, a low moan or a growl. One can also observe comparable behavior in other vertebrates(脊椎动物)－fish, birds and mammals.

1．A dog on a farm knows ________.

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A．the size of its master's yard

B．the only fixed place where it should sleep

C．it should not sleep in the kitchen

D．the area that it should defend

2．A female dog with puppies will probably ________.

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A．attack any stranger who comes near

B．signal differently according to different occasions

C．raise her head at the sight of a stranger

D．growl when a stranger leaves her territory

3．It can be inferred from the third paragraph that mother dogs ________.

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A．have a sense of gradual territory

B．protect their babies cautiously

C．are ready to attack strangers

D．prefer to raise babies in barns

4．In the second paragraph, the underlined word “encroachment” probably means ________.

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5．Which of the following is FALSE according to the passage?

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A．Dogs sleep at certain places in the yard or house.

B．logs will respond to territory trespasser.

C．The boundary lines are visible and meaningful to dogs.

D．Fish, birds belong to vertebrates.

阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

As a mom, I have taught my children many things. Over the years, I do believe I have

taught my children a lot, 36 what is more important is the 37 my children have

taught me. Far beyond 38 I have learned in school, my children have taught me　 how to really live.

Notice Everything

　 I 39 to go on walks with my family. We often walk in our neighborhood, at

local parks, and along a lake. When I 40 a walk, my mind usually goes right to my

41 — where does the path lead?

　 My children have taught me to put aside the goal, and 42 the journey. My kids have taken my black and white world and added so much 43 into it; it’s like I’m seeing with 44 eyes. They remind me to slow down and 45 the world, rather than just walk right through it. I love that about them!

Listen Quietly

　 I am a licensed psychologist, professionally trained to help people with their 46 . Listening to others is what I 47 mastered in school or in practice, but have learned by being a student of my own children. Because of my children, I finally 48 that it is better and more helpful to put an end to my own 49 , and purely listen to others. I wish I had always known that. What a gift to give — allowing others to feel 50 and understood.

Enjoy Moments

　 Anyone who knows me will tell me that I am “ 51 ”. I multi-task with the best of them and 52 to accomplish an awful lot in a day.

　 When my children and I walk together or spend an extra 20 minutes before bed laughing and playing, we 53 our finest moments. My lists, tasks, and must-dos will always be there, but my children are only 54 once — and for a very short time.

　 Kids can really be our greatest teachers. When we are ready, children are always there to 55 us what we really need to know.

36. A. but　　 　　　　　　 B. so 　　　　　　　　　　　　 C. though　 　　　　　　　 D. since

37. A. opinions　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 B. lessons　　　　　　　　　　 C. tips　 D. skills　　

38. A. nothing　　 　　　 B. something　　 　　　 C. anything　　　 　　　 D. much

39. A. intend　　 　　　　 B. love　　　 　　　　　　 C. happen　　　　 　 D. hope

40. A. dream of B. put up　　 　　　　　　 C. insist on　 D. think about

41. A. destination　　 B. scenery　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 C. puzzle　　　 D. wonder

42. A. give up　　　　　　　 B. carry out　　　　　　　　　 C. focus on　　　　　　　　　 D. go on

43. A. pleasure　　　　　　　 B. color　　　　　　　　　　　 C. interest　　　　　　　　　　 D. emotion

44. A. new　　　　　　　　　 B. dull　　　　　　　　　　　　　 C. beautiful　　　　　　　　　 D. bright

45. A. change　　　　　　　 B. watch　　　　　　　　　　　 C. improve　　　　　　　　　 D. share

46. A. stress　　　　　　　　 B. lives　　　　　　　　　　　　 C. decisions　　　　　　　　 D. problems

47. A. never　　　　　　　　 B. still 　　　　　　　　　　　　 C. also　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. always

48. A. recognize　　　　　　 B. remember 　　　　　　　 C. realize　　　　　　　　　　　 D. agree

49. A. pride　　　　　　　　　 B. idea　　　　　　　　　　　　 C. career　　　　　　　　　　　 D. speech

50. A. supported　　　　　 B. relaxed　　　　　　　　　　 C. heard　　　　　　　　　　　 D. attended

51. A. busy　　　　　　　　　 B. efficient　　　　　　　　　 C. different　　　　　　　　　 D. popular

52. A. seem　　　　　　　　　 B. refuse　　　　　　　　　　　 C. try　　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. manage

53. A. enjoy　　　　　　　　　 B. forget　　　　　　　　　　　 C. spare　　　　　　　　　　　 D. waste

54. A. right　　　　　　　　　 B. born　　　　　　　　　　　　 C. happy　　　　　　　　　　　 D. young

55. A. inform　　　　　　　　 B. show　　　　　　　　　　　 C. remind　　　　　　　　　　 D. expect

　　Anyone who cares about what schools and colleges teach and how their students learn will be interested in the memoir (回忆录) of Ralph W. Tyler, who is one of the most famous men in American education.

　　Born in Chicago in 1902, brought up and schooled in Nebraska, the 19-year-old college graduate Ralph Tyler became hooked on teaching while teaching as a science teacher in South Dakota and changed his major from medicine to education.

　　Graduate work at the University of Chicago found him connected with honorable educators Charles Judd and W. W. Charters, whose ideas of teaching and testing had an effect on his later work. In 1927, he became a teacher of Ohio State University where he further developed a new method of testing.

　　Tyler became well-known nationally in 1938, when he carried his work with the Eight-Year Study from Ohio State University to the University of Chicago at the invitation of Robert Hutchins.

　　Tyler was the first director of the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences at Stanford, a position he held for fourteen years. There, he firmly believed that researchers should be free to seek an independent (独立的) spirit in their work.

　　Although Tyler officially retired in 1967, he never actually retired. He served on a long list of educational organizations in the United States and abroad. Even in his 80s he traveled across the country to advise teachers and management people on how to set objectives (目标) that develop the best teaching and learning within their schools.

(2007·全国Ⅰ)

(1) Who are most probably interested in Ralph W. Tyler's memoir?

[　　]

(2) The words "hooked on teaching" underlined in Paragraph 2 probably mean ________.

[　　]

(3) Where did Tyler work as the leader of a research center for over 10 years?

[　　]

(4) Tyler is said to have never actually retired because ________.

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A．he developed a new method of testing

B．he called for free spirit in research

C．he was still active in giving advice

D．he still led the Eight-Year Study