阅读理解

　　For many parents, raising a teenager is like fighting a long war, but years go by without any clear winner．Like a border conflict between neighboring countries, the parent-teen war is about boundaries：

　　Where is the line between what I control and what you do?

　　Both sides want peace, but neither feels it has any power to stop the conflict．In part, this is because neither is willing to admit any responsibility for starting it．From the parents’ point of view, the only cause of their fight is their adolescents’complete unreasonableness．And of course, the teens see it in exactly the same way, except oppositely．Both feel trapped．

　　In this article, I'll describe three no-win situations that commonly arise between teens and parents and then suggest some ways out of the trap．The first no-win situation is quarrels over unimportant things．Examples include the color of the teen's hair, the cleanliness of the bedroon, the preferred style of clothing, the child's failure to eat a good breakfast before school, or his tendency to sleep until noon on the weekends．Second, blaming．The goal of a blaming battle is to make the other admit that his bad attitude is the reason why everything goes wrong．Third, needing to be right．It doesn'tmatter whether the topic is politics, the laws of physics, or the proper way to bresk an egg; the point of these atguments is to prove that you are right and the other person is wrong for both wish to be considered an authority-someone who actually knows something-and therefore to command respect．Unfortunately, as long as parents and teens continue to assume that they know more than the other, they'll continue to fight these battles forever and never make any real progress．

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Reading Comprehension

　　Where is that noise coming from? Not sure? Try living with your eyes closed for a few years．

　　Blind people are better at locating sounds than people who can see, a new study says, without the benefits of vision the ears seem to work much better．

　　Previous studies have shown that blind people are better than others at reaching out and touching the sources of sounds that are close by．Researchers from the University of Montreal wanted to see if blind people were also better at locating sounds that are far away．

　　Twenty－three blind people participated in the study．All had been sightless for at least 20 years．Fourteen of them had lost their vision before age 11．The rest went blind after age 16．The experiment also included 10 people who could see but were wearing blindfolds(遮眼布、眼罩)．

　　In one task, volunteers had to pick the direction of a sound coming from about 3 meters away．When the sound was in front of them or slightly off center in front, both groups performed equally well．

　　When sounds came from the side or the back, however, the blind group performed much better than the blindfolded group．The participants who had been blind since childhood did slightly better than those who lost their sight later．

　　Recognizing the locations of distant sounds can be a matter of life－or－death for blind people, say the researchers．Crossing the street, for instance, is much harder when you can't see the cars coming．

　　Still, the researchers were surprised by how well the blind participants did, especially those who went blind after age 16．In another experiment, the scientists also found that parts of the brain that normally deal with visual information became active in locating sound in the people who were blind by age 11．These brain parts didn't show sound－location activity in the other group of blind people or in the sighted people．The scientists now want to learn more about the workings of brains of “late－onset” blind people．

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