Walk through the Amazon rainforest today and you will find it is steamy, warm, damp and thick. But if you had been around 15,000 years ago, during the last ice age, would it have been the same ?For more than 30 years, scientists have been arguing about how rainforests like the Amazon might have reacted（反应）to the cold ,dry climates of the ice ages ,but until now ,no one has reached a satisfying answer.

       Rainforests like the Amazon are important for mopping up CO2 from the atmosphere and helping to slow global warming . Currently the trees in the Amazon take in around 500 million tons of CO₂ each year; equal to the total amount of CO2 giving off in the UK each year. But how will the Amazon react to future climate change? If it gets drier ,will it still survive and continue to draw down CO2 ?Scientists hope that they will be able to learn in advance how the rainforest will manage in the future by understanding how rainforests reacted to climate change in the past.

       Unfortunately ,getting into the Amazon rainforest and collecting information are very difficult .To study past climate ,scientists need to look at fossilized pollen ,kept in lake muds .Going back to the last ice age means drilling deep down into lake sediments （沉淀  物）,which requires specialized equipment and heavy machinery .There are very few roads and paths ,or places to land helicopters and aeroplanes .Rivers tend to be the easiest way to enter the forest ,but this still leaves vast areas between the rivers completely unsampled（未取样）.So far ,only a handful of cores have been drilled that go back to the last ice age and none of them provide enough information to prove how the Amazon rainforest reacts to climate change.

64．The underlined phrase “mopping up” in the second paragraph means      .

       A．cleaning up          B．taking in                 C．wiping out           D．giving out

65．How will the Amazon rainforest react to future climate change?

       A．It’ll get drier and continue to remove CO2 .

       B．It’ll remain steamy ,warm ,damp and thick .

       C．It’ll get warmer and then colder and drier.

       D．There is no exact answer up to present.

66．What’s the main idea of the last paragraph?

       A．It’s important to drill deep down into lake sediments to collect information.

       B．It’s impossible to prove how climate changes in the Amazon rainforest.

       C．It’s hard to collect information for studies of the past climate in the Amazon rainforest.

       D．It’s necessary to have specialized equipment and machinery to study the past climate.

67．The best title for this passage may probably be        .

       A．Studies of the Amazon                          B．Climates of the Amazon

       C．Secrets of the Rainforests                     D．Changes of the Rainforests

   Why is setting goals important? Because goals can help you do, be, and experience everything you want in life. __71  just letting life happen to you, goals allow you

to make your life happen.

Successful people __72  how their life should be and set lots of  goals. By setting goals you are __73  your life. It's like having a__74  to show you where you want to go. Think of it this way. There are __75  drivers. One has a destination (目的地) in mind (her goal) which can be found on a map. She can drive straight there without any __76  time or wrong turns. The other driver has no goal or destination or map. She starts off at the same time from the same place as the first driver, __77   she drives aimlessly around, never getting anywhere, just __78  gas. Which driver do you want to be?

Winners in life set goals and follow through on them. They decide what they want in life and then get there by making __79   and setting goals. __80  people just let life happen by accident. Goals aren't difficult to set—and they aren't difficult to reach. It's up to you to find out what your goals really are. You are the one who must __81  what to achieve and in what direction to aim your life.

Research tells us that when we write a goal down we are more __82  to achieve it. Written goals can be __83 regularly, and have more power. Like a contract(合同) with yourself, they are harder to neglect or forget. Also __84   you write your goals in a particular way you are able to make yourself continuously __85  situations that will bring you nearer to your goal.

71. A. Because of      B. Instead of      C. In spite of       D. In addition to

72. A. imagine         B. discuss         C. experience        D. show

73. A. going on with                      B. taking control of

C. getting along with                 D. taking advantage of 

74. A. guide           B. friend          C. map               D. sign

75. A. two             B. such            C. some              D. goal

76. A. free            B. dull            C. fixed             D. wasted

77. A. or              B. for            C. but                D. so

78. A. thinking of     B. using up       C. turning off        D. paying for

79. A. plans           B. money          C. friends            D. maps

80. A. Lucky           B. Young          C. Ordinary           D. Unsuccessful

81. A. practise        B. change         C. admit              D. decide

82. A. willing         B. anxious        C. likely             D. clever

83. A. improved        B. achieved       C. set                D. reached

84. A. although        B. until          C. when               D. unless

85. A. aware of        B. worried about    C. familiar with        D. accustomed to

   Sustainable development is applied to just about everything from energy to clean water and economic growth, and as a result it has become difficult to question either the basic assumptions behind it or the way the concept is put to use. This is especially true in agriculture, where sustainable development is often taken as the only measure of progress without a proper appreciation of historical and cultural perspectives.

   To start with, it is important to remember that the nature of agriculture has changed markedly throughout history, and will continue to do so. Medieval agriculture in northern Europe fed, clothed and sheltered a popularly rural society with a much lower population density than it is today. It had smallest effect on biodiversity, and any pollution it caused was typically localized. In terms of energy use and the nutrients captured in the product it was relatively inefficient.

   Contrast this with farming since the start of the industrial revolution. Competition from overseas led farmers to specialize and increase yields. Throughout this period food became cheaper, safer and more reliable. However, these changes have also led to habitat loss and to decreasing biodiversity.

   What’s more, demand for animal products in developing countries is growing so fast that meeting it will require an extra 300 million tons of grain a year by 2050.yet the growth of cities and industry is reducing the amount of water available for agriculture in many regions.

   All this means that agriculture in the 21^st century will have to be very different from how it was in the 20th. This will require complete thinking. For example, we need to move away from the idea that traditional practices are unavoidably more sustainable than new ones. We also need to abandon the idea that agriculture can be “zero impact”. The key will be to abandon the rather simple and unchangeable measures of sustainability, which centre on the need to maintain production without increasing damage.

   Instead we need a more dynamic explanation, one that looks at the pros and cons of all the various way land is used. There are many different ways to measure agricultural performance besides food yield: energy use, environmental costs, water purity, carbon footprint and biodiversity. It is clear, for example, that the carbon of transporting tomatoes from Spain to the UK is less than that of producing them in the UK with additional heating and lighting. But we do not know whether lower carbon footprints will always be better for biodiversity.

   What is critical is recognizing that sustainable agriculture is not just about sustainable food production.

How do people often measure progress in agriculture?

A．By its productivity.               

B．By its impact on the environment.

C．By its sustainability.               

D．By its contribution to economic growth.

What does the author think of traditional farming practices?

　　A．They have remained the same over the centuries.

　　B．They have not kept pace with population growth.

　　C．They are not necessarily sustainable.

　　D．They are environmentally friendly.

What will agriculture be like in the 21st century?

　　A．It will go through thorough changes.

　　B．It will supply more animal products.

　　C．It will abandon traditional farming practices.

　　D．It will cause zero damage to the environment.

What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?

　　A．To remind people of the need of sustainable development.

　　B．To suggest ways of ensuring sustainable food production.

　　C．To advance new criteria for measuring farming progress.

　　D．To urge people to rethink what sustainable agriculture is.

Once there lived a rich merchant(商人) and a poor shoemaker in the same house. The merchant occupied the second floor,   36   the shoemaker lived and worked in a small room on the first floor. The shoemaker was one of the   37   persons on earth. He worked from morning till night, singing merrily. His heart was filled with   38   , whenever he saw the boots and shoes    39   . Now the merchant upstairs was so rich that he   40    knew how much wealth he had. He was always   41    over his gold and silver coins far into the night. Even in bed his uneasiness(不安) about his riches kept him  42  . When at last he had been asleep for an hour or two, up came the song of the happy shoemaker, who was an   43   riser. It continued all day and was a (n)   44   to the merchant. Day by day the merchant grew more and more tired through want of    45   . He asked a wise friend of his how he could put an   46   to the shoemaker’s song. “Well, if I were you, I would give the shoemaker a hundred pounds,” answered his friend. “You are rich enough to do that, I suppose. Ask for nothing in    47   . Simply give the money.” The merchant    48    the advice.  

When the shoemaker    49   the bag that had been sent by the merchant, he was   50    to find shining coins. “I must hide this from the eyes of my neighbors. If they see it, they will think that I have stolen it,” he thought. “I will   51   it away even from my wife.” So he hid the bag of money under the floor. From then on he    52    his neighbors as much as he could. His wife who had been the best  53    to him, became troublesome. Now his mind was too much set on the money bag to   54   to his work with diligence(勤劳). He could not sing merrily now.   55   he thought of the money bag, he became uneasy and unhappy.  

36．A．for                  B．therefore          C．but                  D．however

37．A．poorest            B．happiest           C．richest             D．shortest

38．A．smile               B．sorrow             C．sadness            D．joy

39．A．being repaired  B．repair              C．to repair          D．to be repaired

40．A．always             B．completely       C．hardly             D．entirely

41．A．hiding             B．counting          C．calculating       D．figuring

42．A．awake             B．nervous           C．frightened        D．asleep

43．A．early               B．happy              C．noisy               D．late

44．A．threat                     B．matter             C．trouble            D．alarm

45．A．sympathy         B．understanding   C．sleep               D．treatment

46．A．end               B．notice              C．information      D．stop

47．A．trouble            B．need                C．turn                 D．return

48．A．refused            B．agreed             C．asked               D．followed

49．A．stole                B．opened            C．received           D．closed/carried

50．A．excited            B．amazed           C．ashamed            D．disappointed

51．A．throw              B．keep                C．give                D．put

52．A．avoided           B．thanked           C．helped             D．attract

53．A．companion       B．fellow             C．shoemaker       D．merchant

54．A．tend                      B．turn                 C．attend              D．come

55．A．Wherever        B．Whatever         C．Whenever        D．However

There are about fifteen hundred languages in the world.But ___1___ a few of them are very ___2___. English is one of these. Many, many people use it, not only in England and the U. S. A, but in other parts of the world. About 200, 000, 000 speak it as their own language. It is difficult to say how many people are learning it as a ___3___ language. Many millions are ___4___ to do so.

Is it easy or difficult to learn English? Different people may have different ___5___. Have you ever ___6___ the ads of this kind in the newspapers or magazines?

“Learn English in six month, or your ___7___ back ...” “Easy and funny? Our records and tapes ___8___ you master your English in a month. ___9___ the first day your ___10___ will be excellent. Just send ...” Of course, it never ___11___ quite like this.

The only language that seems easy to learn is the mother tongue. We should ___12___ that we all learned our own language well when we were ___13___. If we could learn English in the same way, it would not seem so difficult. ___14___ what a small child does. He listens to what people say. He tries what he hears. When he is using the language, talking in it, and ___15___ in it all the time, just imagine how much ___16___ that gets!

So it is ___17___ to say that learning English is easy, because a good command of English ___18___ upon a lot of practice. And practice needs great effort and ___19___ much time. Good teachers, records, tapes, books, and dictionaries will ___20___. But they cannot do the student’s work for him.

1. A. not           B. quite          C. only           D. very

2. A. difficult       B. important      C. necessary      D. easy

3. A. native          B. foreign         C. useful        D. mother

4. A. learning       B. enjoying        C. trying         D. liking

5. A. questions            B. problems      C. ideas          D. answers

6. A. found          B. watched       C. noticed          D. known

7. A. knowledge     B. time          C. money              D. English

8. A. make           B. help           C. let              D. allow

9. A. From           B. On            C. Since         D. After

10. A. spelling      B. grammar       C. English          D. pronunciation

11. A. happened      B. know               C. seemed         D. felt

12. A. know        B. remember       C. understand    D. think

13. A. students           B. children          C. babies        D. grown-ups

14. A. Imagine           B. Mind           C. Do             D. Think of

15. A. using       B. thinking     C. trying         D. practicing

16. A. time         B. money          C. language        D. practice

17. A. hard        B. easy              C. funny         D. silly

18. A. depends     B. tries            C. has            D. takes

19. A. uses        B. takes             C. gets           D. costs

20. A. do         B. work            C. help           D. master