阅读理解

　　Music comes in many forms; most countries have a style of their own．The US is well known for jazz(爵士乐),which has gained world-wide popularity．

　　In contrast to classical(古典的)music, which follows formal European traditions, jazz is natural and free-form．It is full of energy, expressing the moods, interests, and feelings of the people．It has a modern sound that makes people very excited．In the 1920s jazz sounded like America．And so it does today．

　　The origins of this music are as interesting as the music itself．Jazz was produced by American blacks, who were brought to the Southern States as slaves．They were sold to plantation owners(种植园主)and forced to work long hours in the cotton and tobacco fields．This work was hard and life was short．When a Negro died, his friends and relatives formed a group to carry the body to the cemetery．

　　A band often went with them．On the way to the cemetery the band played slow and sad music．But on the way home the mood changed．Spirits lifted．Everybody was happy．Death had removed one of their members, but the living were glad to be alive．The band played happy music, which made everyone want to dance．It was an early form of jazz．

　　Music has always been important in their lives．Coming mainly from West Africa, the black men who were brought to America already possessed a rich musical tradition．This music centered on religious ceremonies(宗教的仪式)in which dancing, singing, clapping and stamping(顿足)to the beat of a drum were important forms of musical expression．As these people settled in to their fields, they made up work songs．Singing made the hard work go faster．

　　Another musical form that helped to develop jazz was the blues．Blues songs always describe something sad－an unhappy love affair, a money problem, bad luck．To this day, the expression “feeling blue” means being sad．