Laziness is regarded as wrong or shameful, as everyone knows. We have probably had lectures pointing out that laziness is not good, not following accepted principles, that it is wasteful, and the lazy people will never amount to anything in life. But laziness can be more harmful than that, and it is often caused by more complex reasons than simple wish to avoid work. Some people who appear to be lazy are suffering from much more serious problems. They may be so distrustful of their fellow workers that they are unable to join in any group task for fear of being laughed at or fear of having their ideas stolen. These people who seem lazy may be paralyzed（气馁）by a fear of failure that prevent work fruitful work. Or other sorts of fantasies（幻想）may prevent work, some people are so busy planning, sometimes planning great deals or fantastic achievements, that they are unable to deal with whatever “less” work is on hand; Still other people are not avoiding work, strictly speaking, they are merely delaying doing things.

In spite of that, laziness can actually be helpful. Some people may look lazy when they are really thinking, planning, contemplating（沉思）, researching. We should all remember that some great scientific discoveries occurred by chance or while someone was “goofing of”. Newton wasn’t working in the orchard（果园）when the apple hit him and he discovered the theory of gravity. All of us would like to have someone “lazy” build the car or stove we buy, particularly if that “laziness” were caused by the worker’s taking time to “lazy” – that is, taking time off for a rest is good for the overworked students. Taking a rest can be particularly helpful to the athlete who is trying too hard or the doctor who is simply working himself overtime too many evenings as the clinic. So be careful when you call someone lazy. That person may be thinking, or planning his or her next book.

1．The main idea of this passage is            .

       A．laziness is wasteful, harmful and distrustful

       B．lazy people are unsure of themselves

       C．there are advantages and disadvantages in being lazy

       D．laziness is the sign of deep-seated problems of feelings

2．This passage stated that           .

       A．laziness is a disease that nobody can avoid

       B．some people appear lazy because they are anxious, unsure of themselves and not confident

       C．some people are lazy because they are afraid of being laughed at

       D．laziness is more helpful than harmful

3．The last paragraph is         .

       A．humorous            B．serious                C．instructive           D．funny

4．The phrase “goofing off” in this passage means           .

       A．having a discussion with someone

       B．thinking deeply

       C．waiting for something unusual to happen

       D．spending time aimlessly