题目列表(包括答案和解析)
Nineteenth-century writers in the United States, whether they wrote novels, short stories, poems or plays, were powerfully drawn to the railroad in its golden years. In fact, writers responded to the railroads as soon as the first were built in the 1830’s. By the 1850’s, the railroad was a major presence in the life of the nation. Writers such as Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David saw the railroad both as a boon(要求) to democracy(民主国家) and as an object of suspicion. The railroad could be and was a despoiler(掠夺者) of nature, furthermore, in its manifestation of speed and noise. It might be a despoiler of human nature as well. By the 1850’s and 1860’s, there was a great distrust among writer and intellectuals of the rapid industrialization of which the railroad was a leading force. Deeply philosophical historians such as Henry Adams lamented the role that the new frenzy for business was playing in eroding traditional values. A distrust of industry and business continued among writers throughout the rest of the nineteenth century and into the twentieth.
For the most part, the literature in which the railroad plays and important role belong to popular culture rather than to the realm of serious art. One thinks of melodramas, boys’ books, thrillers, romances, and the like rather than novels of the first rank. In the railroads’ prime years, between 1890 and 1920, there were a few individuals in the United States, most of them with solid railroading experience behind them, who made a profession of writing about railroading—works offering the ambience of stations, yards, and locomotive cabs. These writers, who can genuinely be said to have created a genre, the “railroad novel”, are now mostly forgotten, their names having faded from memory. But anyone who takes the time to consult their fertile writings will still find a treasure trove of information about the place of the railroad in the life of the United States.
1.The underlined word “it” in the passage refers to______.
A. railroad B. manifestation C. speed D. nature
2.In the first paragraph, the author implies that writers’ reactions to the development of railroads were______.
A. highly enthusiastic B. both positive and negative C. unchanging D. Disinterested
3. According to the passage, the railroad played a significant role in literature in all of the following kinds of books except_______.
A. thrillers B. boys’ books C. romances D. important novels
4. The phrase “first rank” in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to______.
A. largest category(类别) B. highest quality C. earliest writers D. most difficult language
5. Which of the following topics is the main idea of passage?
A. The role of the railroad in the economy of the USA
B. Major nineteenth century writers
C. The conflict between expanding industry and preserving nature
D. The railroad as a subject for literature
Nineteenth-century writers in the United States, whether they wrote novels, short stories, poems or plays, were powerfully drawn to the railroad in its golden years. In fact, writers responded to the railroads as soon as the first were built in the 1830’s. By the 1850’s, the railroad was a major presence in the life of the nation. Writers such as Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David saw the railroad both as a boon(要求) to democracy(民主国家) and as an object of suspicion. The railroad could be and was a despoiler(掠夺者) of nature, furthermore, in its manifestation of speed and noise. It might be a despoiler of human nature as well. By the 1850’s and 1860’s, there was a great distrust among writer and intellectuals of the rapid industrialization of which the railroad was a leading force. Deeply philosophical historians such as Henry Adams lamented the role that the new frenzy for business was playing in eroding traditional values. A distrust of industry and business continued among writers throughout the rest of the nineteenth century and into the twentieth.
For the most part, the literature in which the railroad plays and important role belong to popular culture rather than to the realm of serious art. One thinks of melodramas, boys’ books, thrillers, romances, and the like rather than novels of the first rank. In the railroads’ prime years, between 1890 and 1920, there were a few individuals in the United States, most of them with solid railroading experience behind them, who made a profession of writing about railroading—works offering the ambience of stations, yards, and locomotive cabs. These writers, who can genuinely be said to have created a genre, the “railroad novel”, are now mostly forgotten, their names having faded from memory. But anyone who takes the time to consult their fertile writings will still find a treasure trove of information about the place of the railroad in the life of the United States.
【小题1】The underlined word “it” in the passage refers to______.
| A．railroad | B．manifestation | C．speed | D．nature |
| A．highly enthusiastic | B．both positive and negative | C．unchanging | D．Disinterested |
| A．thrillers | B．boys’ books | C．romances | D．important novels |
| A．largest category(类别) | B．highest quality | C．earliest writers | D．most difficult language |
| A．The role of the railroad in the economy of the USA |
| B．Major nineteenth century writers |
| C．The conflict between expanding industry and preserving nature |
| D．The railroad as a subject for literature |
Nineteenth-century writers in the United States, whether they wrote novels, short stories, poems or plays, were powerfully drawn to the railroad in its golden years. In fact, writers responded to the railroads as soon as the first were built in the 1830’s. By the 1850’s, the railroad was a major presence in the life of the nation. Writers such as Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David saw the railroad both as a boon(要求) to democracy(民主国家) and as an object of suspicion. The railroad could be and was a despoiler(掠夺者) of nature, furthermore, in its manifestation of speed and noise. It might be a despoiler of human nature as well. By the 1850’s and 1860’s, there was a great distrust among writer and intellectuals of the rapid industrialization of which the railroad was a leading force. Deeply philosophical historians such as Henry Adams lamented the role that the new frenzy for business was playing in eroding traditional values. A distrust of industry and business continued among writers throughout the rest of the nineteenth century and into the twentieth.
For the most part, the literature in which the railroad plays and important role belong to popular culture rather than to the realm of serious art. One thinks of melodramas, boys’ books, thrillers, romances, and the like rather than novels of the first rank. In the railroads’ prime years, between 1890 and 1920, there were a few individuals in the United States, most of them with solid railroading experience behind them, who made a profession of writing about railroading—works offering the ambience of stations, yards, and locomotive cabs. These writers, who can genuinely be said to have created a genre, the “railroad novel”, are now mostly forgotten, their names having faded from memory. But anyone who takes the time to consult their fertile writings will still find a treasure trove of information about the place of the railroad in the life of the United States.
The underlined word “it” in the passage refers to______.
A. railroad B. manifestation C. speed D. nature
In the first paragraph, the author implies that writers’ reactions to the development of railroads were______.
A. highly enthusiastic B. both positive and negative C. unchanging D. Disinterested
According to the passage, the railroad played a significant role in literature in all of the following kinds of books except_______.
A. thrillers B. boys’ books C. romances D. important novels
The phrase “first rank” in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to______.
A. largest category(类别) B. highest quality C. earliest writers D. most difficult language
Which of the following topics is the main idea of passage?
A. The role of the railroad in the economy of the USA
B. Major nineteenth century writers
C. The conflict between expanding industry and preserving nature
D. The railroad as a subject for literature
WASHINGTON — It is announced Friday that White House visitor records will be opened up on a regular basis for the first time in modern history, providing the public an unusually detailed look at who gets the opportunity to help shape American policy at the highest levels.
“Americans have a right to know whose voices are being heard in the policymaking process,” the president said in a written statement issued by the White House while he vacationed with his family at Camp David.
By the end of the year, the White House will begin posting online every month the names of the people who visited in the last 90 to 120 days. Each person’s full name will be listed, along with the date and time they entered and left and the name of the person they visited. About 70,000 to 100,000 people visit the White House each month, and the records will include tourists as well as people conducting business.
The White House pointed out several exceptions to the policy: “purely personal guests” of the Obama family; those cases in which the disclosure(透露) of visitors’ names “would threaten national safety interests”; and those who come for “particularly sensitive meetings,” like candidates for a Supreme Court nomination(提名). Officials said only a “small number” will fit in the latter category（类别）, and their names would eventually be disclosed after they are no longer secret, like after a nomination is publicly announced. Moreover, they said, the number of undisclosed visitors will be disclosed, to make clear how few they are.
【小题1】Why will the White House visitor records be open to the public?
| A．To attract more visitors to the White House. |
| B．To allow people to know more about the life of the Obama family. |
| C．To let the public know who are influencing the policies. |
| D．To ask the public help correct the policies made by the government. |
| A．All the visitors’ names will be posted online soon after their visits |
| B．Not all visitors are allowed to visit the White House |
| C．Some visitors’ names can be found online until they’re not secret |
| D．The records of the visitors will be kept for at least 4 months |
| A．A tourist. | B．A businessman. | C．A foreign student. | D．A foreign minister. |
| A．The White House will open the records of the visitors to the public. |
| B．In America more and more people are becoming policy makers. |
| C．The Americans have a right to know who are making policies. |
| D．President Obama has announced a new policy while on holiday. |
Say Yes to Reading
Write a one-page report titled “The Best Book I Read This Year” and enter it in the Boy’s Life 2012 “Say Yes to Reading!” contest.
The book can be fiction or nonfiction. But the report has to be in your own words— 500 words tops. Enter in one of these three age categories(类别)：
● 8 years old and younger
● 9 and 10 years old
● 11 years old and older
First-place winners in each age category will receive a $100 gift certificate(礼券) good for any product in the Boy Scouts official retail catalog(零售目录). Second-place winners will receive a $75 gift certificate and third-place winners a $50 gift certificate.
Everyone who enters will get a free patch(眼罩). In coming years, you’ll have the chance to earn different patches.
The contest is open to all Boys’ Life readers. Be sure to include your name, address, age and grade in school on the entry. Send your report to:
Boys’ Life Reading Contest
S306
P.O. Box 152079
Irving, TX 75015-2079
Entries(参赛作品) must be postmarked by Dec. 31, 2012 and must include entry information and a self-addressed, stamped envelope.
Winners of the 2011 reading contest will be announced in the July 2012 issue of Boys’ Life magazine.
And the 2010 first-place winners are:
8 YEARS OLD AND YOUNGER
Tyler Bergmann chose “Can You Keep a Secret?” by PJ Petersen as his favorite book. “It talks about honesty and the importance of being trust-worthy, which really matter between friends,” Tyler writes.
9 AND 10 YREARS OLD
Nathaniel Griffis read “The 39 Clues: The Maze of Bones” by Rick Riordan. Writes Nathaniel: “As I read, I learned about places I have never been and things I have only imagined.”
11 YEARS OLD AND OLDER
Devin MacGoy, 12 chose “The Red Badge of Courage” by Stephen Grane. “A reader can take away many lessons,” Devin writes.
【小题1】The purpose of the passage is to ________.
| A．persuade kids to enter a contest |
| B．ask kids to read more books |
| C．encourage kids to buy Boys’ Life |
| D．advertise some children’s books |
| A．each first-place winner will get $100 |
| B．the report should have 500 at least |
| C．whoever enters will get a patch for free |
| D．one can copy some words from the book |
| A．Tyler Bergmann | B．Nathaniel Griffis |
| C．Devin MacGoy | D．PJ Petersen |
| A．puzzled | B．worried | C．bored | D．excited |
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