SECTION B

Directions: Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage and the required words limit. Write your answers on your answer sheet.

People working in places where large quantities of chemicals are involved, are more likely to suffer from chemical burns. Other incidents may occur at home through accidental misuse of products such as those used for hair, nails, skin, etc. A chemical skin burn is usually caused by acids like battery acid, toilet bowel cleaner, etc. Alkalis(碱) like paint removers are also responsible for chemical burns, and oxidants(氧化剂) also cause chemical burns when they come into contact with skin.

A chemical burn isn’t like an ordinary burn. No matter how harmless the burn is, it should be brought to a doctor’s attention. A chemical burn treatment has to be quick and isn’t something to be ignored as the burn may make the injury worse and cause undue damage to the skin.

The first step to treat chemical burns is to remove the victim from the accident area and also get rid of any clothes that may come into contact with the chemical causing the burn. Take care not to come into contact with the chemical.

Using large volumes of cool running water, wash the skin to get rid of the substance from the injured area. It is best to keep the injured area under cool, running water for about 20 minutes or more.

Do not use ice-cold water as it may further damage the skin. Alternatively, it is best to apply the cold compress(敷布) wrapped in a soft cloth soaked in cold water. Using this method every one hour for the whole day proves beneficial for the chemical burn treatment.

If you notice any sign of blisters(水泡) that has covered more than 3 inches in diameter of the skin, then it is time to call for immediate medical help. Any occurrence of unusual signs also requires medical help.

In extreme cases, the blood pressure and the heart rate of the victim may be affected to a critical extent. So intravenous fluid is administered to normalize the disturbed functions of the body. Intravenous process may also be required to administer certain medicines so as to prevent any infection or to reduce pain.

During the recuperation(康复) from the chemical burn, drinking plenty of water and fluids will help keep the body well hydrated. This helps a speedy recovery.

81. What can lead to a chemical burn frequently?(no more than 5 words)

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82. Why should a chemical burn be treated quickly? (no more than 11 words)

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83. What are the symptoms of a serious chemical burn according to the passage? (no more than 11 words)

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84. What is the passage mainly about?(no more than 8 words)

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从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Everyone needs water and a diet  36   healthy foods. These foods should    37  some fat, some fiber, a little salt and so on.

   People need energy to live. They eat all kinds of foods   38    change into energy. Our bodies use different   39  of energy. The energy is measured in calories(卡路里). The more  40  we take, the more calories we burn.  Even when you are   41  , you are using energy---about 65 calories an hour. While you are at school, or walking home, your body is  42  up 100 calories an hour. When playing football or basketball, you might be using 400 calories an hour. On  43  Day, during the relay race, you will use most of all, perhaps as   44  as 650 calories an hour.

   The Chinese diet is considered to be the healthiest in the world.  It contains a lot of fruit and green vegetables. It is   45  in fiber and low in sugar and fat. The Chinese eat less sugar than many   46  countries in the world. That is   47  lots of people in China have white teeth.

   People in the Western world do not eat   48  healthy foods. They eat too much fat and sugar and don’t take   49  exercise. Because of this, they  50  very easily. In order to   51  with the quick pace(步伐) of their life and work, they eat a lot of fast food. They eat a lot of sweets, soft drinks, potato crisps, chocolate, butter and ice cream and so on,  52  are called  53  food by some epicureans（美食家）. The result is that many of them become fat. In order to avoid    54__ fat and   55  it is advisable(明智的) to eat a balanced diet and not eat too many foods that have a high calorie rating.

A. above                    B. of                     C. at                     D. over

A. include               B. hold                  C. contain    D. make up

A. which                    B. what                 C. where        D. it

A. numbers             B. amounts            C. plenty        D. deal

A. exercise              B. exercises           C. sport          D. game

A. sleepy                B. running             C. working     D. asleep

A. running              B. adding                  C. burning      D. wasting

A. Children             B. Work                C. Sports        D. Sport

A. much                    B. many                C. few            D. little

A. poor                    B. low                   C. rich           D. plenty

A. more                   B. other                 C. rest            D. others

A. Why                    B. because             C. because of  D. since

A. so                    B. very                  C. much         D. such

A. a number of      B. too much           C. masses of   D. enough

A. lose weight       B. put on weight  C. die             D. stay healthy

A. keep up            B. carry on            C. keep on      D. go on

A. as                     B. these                 C. which        D. they

A. bad                         B. diseased            C. healthy       D. junk

A. to get                 B. becoming          C. to become  D. get

A. keep thin             B. keep fit             C. stay calm    D. fall ill

It’s 2009. You feel sick, so you go to the doctor. She checks your fever, looks at your throat, and asks what you’ve been thinking about lately. When you leave，she gives you some medicine, but also a list of thinking skills that you are supposed to practice daily. She says that the way you think is causing some of your illness.
Doctors and other scientists who study the human mind and try to explain why people behave in the way that do, called psychologists, are starting to believe it. You know that your brain is connected to every part of your body through your nervous system(神经系统). Now scientists have proved that how you think and feel can have an influence on the health of your body.
Stress(压力，紧张) is caused whenever there is a problem or a change in your life. Of course, everybody has stress more or less; nobody’s life is perfect. In fact, stress is necessary. Without stress, we would never learn anything or grow or change. We would probably be bored to death. But too much stress can hurt you. It can weaken your body’s protection so that you are more likely to catch diseases. It can even make you more likely to have an accident.
When you feel stress, your brain sends a message to your body to produce a chemical called adrenaline(肾上腺素). Adrenaline speeds up your breathing and your heartbeat. Today you have a different kind of stress. Problems like endless homework or troubles with your family are the kind of things you can’t fight or run away from, so you don’t use up all that adrenaline. It just stays bottled up inside you, and that’s what can do something bad to you.
What can you do about stress? First, you can try to find ways to change things so you aren’t under so much stress. You can set up a plan to finish homework or go to a doctor or a psychologist to try to work things out with your family or your friends. But sometimes you can’t change a stressful situation. Sometimes you don’t even want to. A big change might be a good change, but it will still be stressful.
The link(关联) between your body and brain works in two ways. Your body can help your mind deal with stress. If you are under stress, you need to take especially good care of your body. It’s important to get enough sleep and eat nutritious meals. Some people take a vitamin-mineral pill every day. Another thing that you can do is daily exercise. If you go walking or do aerobic(需氧的) dancing or work out at the gym, you give your body a chance to burn up some of that adrenaline. Of course, a person who isn’t used to much physical activity should start slowly. Anyone with a continuing physical problem should check with a doctor before staring any exercise programs.
1. A psychologist is a person who may help you with your ______.
A. illness and abilities                                B. thoughts and behaviour
C. mind and nervous system                       D. physical activity and daily exercise
2. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. You shouldn’t go to the gym if you are under stress.
B. One can do his homework to burn up adrenaline.
C. Diseases and accidents are caused by stress.
D. Everyone needs stress to improve himself.
3. From the last sentence of Paragraph 5 we can infer that ________.
A. it’s difficult to change a stressful situation
B. it’s not stressful when a good change takes place
C. a big change will cause another stressful situation
D. a stressful situation can’t be changed without any effort
4. What is probably the best title for this passage?
A. The body-Brain Link                             B. The Causes of Stress
C. The Advice on Health                                   D. The Nervous System

Almost all cultures celebrate the end of one year and the beginning of another in some way. Different cultures celebrate the beginning of a new year in different ways, and at different times on the calendar.

In western countries, people usually celebrate New Year at midnight on January 1st. People may go to parties, dress in formal clothes—like tuxedos(小礼服)and evening gowns, and drink champagne at midnight. During the first minutes of the New Year, people cheer and wish each other happiness for the year ahead. But some cultures prefer to celebrate the New Year by waking up early to watch the sun rise. They welcome the New Year with the first light of the sunrise.

It is also a common Western custom to make a New Year’s promise, called a resolution. New Year’s resolutions usually include promises to try something new or change a bad habit in the new year.

Many cultures also do special things to get rid of bad luck at the beginning of a new year. For example, in Ecuador, families make a big doll from old clothes. The doll is filled with old newspapers and firecrackers. At midnight, these dolls are burned to show the bad things from the past year are gone and the new year can start afresh (again). Other common traditions to keep away bad luck in a new year include throwing things into rivers or the ocean, or saying special things on                the first day of the new year.

Other New Year traditions are followed to bring good luck is to eat grapes on New Year’s Day. The more grapes a person eats, the more good luck the person will have in the year. In France, people eat pancakes for good luck at New Year. In the United States, some people eat black– eyed peas(豇豆)for good luck——but to get good luck for a whole year you have to eat 365 of them!

1.Which culture celebrates New Year in the morning?

A. The United States.                       B. Spain.

C. France.                                D. The passage doesn’t say.

2.According to the third paragraph, what is a resolution?

A. Something you burn.                    B. Something you eat.

C. Something you say.                      D. Something you wear.

3.What is the topic of the fourth paragraph?

A. Bringing good luck.                             B. Keeping away bad luck.

C. Planning for the next year.                     D. Remembering the past.

4.Which is probably true about eating black – eyed peas on New Year?

A. Black-eyed peas taste bad.               B. The peas are very difficult to cook.

C. One pea brings one day of luck.              D. It is bad luck to eat a lot of black-eyed peas.

阅读下面短文，并根据短文后的要求回答问题（请注意问题后的字数要求）。

[l]Fear and pain are two of the most useful things that human beings and animals have, if they are properly used. If fire did not hurt when it burnt, children would play with it until their hands were burnt away. Similarly, if pain existed but fear didn’t, a child would burn himself again and again, because fear would not warn himself to keep away from the fire that had burnt himself before. A really fearless soldier is not a good soldier because he will soon be killed; and a dead soldier is of no use to his army. Fear and pain are therefore two guards without which human beings and animals might soon die out.

[2] In our first sentence we suggested that fear should be properly used. If, for example, you never go out of your house because of the danger of being knocked down and killed in the street by a car, you are letting fear rule you too much. Even in your house you are not absolutely safe: A plane may crash on your house, or you may get cancer!

[3] The important thing is not to let fear rule you, but to use fear as your servant and guide instead. Fear will warn you of dangers; then you have to decide what action to take.

[4] In many cases, you can take quick and successful action to avoid the danger. For example, you see a car coming straight towards you. Fear warns you, then you jump out of the way, and all is well.

[5] In some cases, however, you decide that there is nothing that you can do to ___________. For example, you can’t prevent a plane crashing onto your house. In this case, fear is no longer of any use, and you have to try to overcome it.

1.What is mainly talked about in this passage? (no more than 15 words)

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2.How does the author support his idea in Paragraph 2? (no more than 5 words)

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3.Why does the author say that a fearless soldier is not a good soldier? (no more than 15 words)

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4.What benefit can we get from “fear” according to the passage? (no more than 10 words)

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5.Fill in the blank in Paragraph 5 with proper words. (no more than 5 words)

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