on a large scale大规模地,大范围地 查看更多

 

题目列表(包括答案和解析)

阅读下面短文,根据上文及所给提示(首字母或汉语意思)填入符合文章意义、形式正确的单词。

The plants in our gardens look so  1  (熟悉的)that often we do not realize that many of them  2  (实际上)come from countries far away. Collecting   3  (异国的)plants, as they are called, d  4  back to the earliest times. It was not until the 18th and 19th c  5  that the exploration of the   6  (植物的)world began on a large s  7  .However, at that time, keeping plants alive was an enormous challenge. Later, a tightly  8  (密封的)portable glass c  9  was invented, thus completely   10  (改变)the world of plant exploration.

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How much paper do you use every year? Maybe you can’t answer this question quickly. In 1900 the world’s use of paper was about one kilogram for each person in a year. Now some countries use 50 kilograms of paper for each person in a year. But countries like America, England and Sweden certainly use more paper than other countries.

   Paper was first made in China about 2000 years ago. It was made from the hair-like parts of certain plants. Paper was not made in southern Europe until about the year 1100. In 1500, a German named Schaeffer found out that one could make the best paper from trees. After that the forest countries of Canada, Sweden, America, Finland became the most important ones in paper making.

   When we think of paper, we think of newspapers, books and writing paper. But there are many other uses. Only half of the paper is used for books and things like that. Paper is very good for keeping you warm. Houses are often insulated(使绝缘, 隔离 ) with paper. You may see some men asleep on a large number of newspapers. They’re insulating themselves from the cold. In Finland the temperature is sometimes -40 centigrade (C). The farmers wear paper boots in the snow. Nothing could be warmer.

   Each year more and more things are made of paper. We have had paper cups and plates for a long time. But now we hear that chairs, tables and even beds can be made of paper. With paper boots and shoes, you can wear paper hats, paper dresses and paper raincoats. When you have used them away and buy new ones. People have made paper boats, but they haven’t made paper planes or cars. Just wait they perhaps will.

How much paper does each person use in a year in some countries now?

A. One kilogram   B. Fifteen kilograms  C. Fifty kilograms  D. Forty kilograms

______ use more paper than other countries.

A. Sweden   B. America   C. England    D.  A, B and C

When was paper first made in southern Europe?

A. 2000 years ago  B. In 1100  C. In 1500  D. In 1900

Why do farmers in Finland wear paper boots in the snow?

A. Because they are so poor that they can buy only paper boots

B. Because there are no other kinds of boots there

C. Because paper boots are warmer than anything else there

D. Because paper boots are so nice that they don’t like other kinds

What should the best title of passage be?

A. Paper and Its Uses                 B. Paper and Its History

C. Paper Was First Made in China       D. How Much Paper Is Used in A Year

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完型填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从36—55各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
LAST weekend, I helped my friend Alex get money for poor children at Crossroads Mall He  36 needed volunteers, especially of the female. I decided that this was a pretty good  37 , so the next day I got ready to go.
I arrived at Crossroads about five minutes  38 , and helped Alex and   39 of the volunteers. There were only three  40 at first, and we figured we might as well get started  41 just waiting for more to arrive. I held the   42 , and suddenly felt extremely shy. I did not  43 asking people for donations. In fact, I’m usually one of those people who try to   44 those boring stands and ask you for a little contribution. For heaven’s sake, I can contribute to a few,   45 I cannot alone  46 every single cause in the world!
I really didn’t like the idea of asking anyone for donations to our cause.   47 , I watched my friends speak to the strangers, and noticed that they were extra polite to everyone—no matter whether they  48 . I realized that   49 I wasn’t pushy(强求的), it would be okay, and my conscience could be  50 .
I pasted on a large smile, and started asking people passing by. My mouth tripped over words, and I continually said “um” while I thought of the correct terms.   51 I talked to more and more people. Not only improved, but also started noticing small  52 . Instead of saying “donate”, which made most people walk away  53 .I started suing the word “contribute”. I added the phrase “every little bit counts”, and people started to donate small amounts in larger quantities. As the day went on, I learned how to pull on the hearts of the   54 , and I became a successful fundraiser.
At the end of the day, we all gathered at Alex’s house and   55 how much money we raised. I was so surprised; We raised over $300! We celebrated, and went home tired, but satisfied that we helped a great cause.

【小题1】
A.everyB.muchC.desperatelyD.too
【小题2】
A.causeB.businessC.affairD.career
【小题3】
A.earlierB.earlyC.laterD.late
【小题4】
A.the otherB.othersC.anotherD.the rest
【小题5】
A.passers—byB.teachersC.volunteersD.people
【小题6】
A.instead ofB.butC.in spite ofD.in place of
【小题7】
A.signalB.signatureC.singD.symbol
【小题8】
A.appreciateB.likeC.wantD.need
【小题9】
A.annoyB.fleeC.meetD.avoid
【小题10】
A.andB.butC.orD.so
【小题11】
A.doB.supportC.makeD.create
【小题12】
A.What’s moreB.BesidesC.WhateverD.However
【小题13】
A.donatedB.gaveC.cameD.passed
【小题14】
A.as soon as B.as far asC.as long asD.as short as
【小题15】
A.at ease B.with happinessC.in silenceD.in surprise
【小题16】
A.AsB.BeforeC.SinceD.During
【小题17】
A.actionsB.hoopesC.wishesD.trends
【小题18】
A.slowB.fastC.slowerD.faster
【小题19】
A.goersB.passers-byC.studentsD.strangers
【小题20】
A.thoughtB.looked atC.countedD.decided

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Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from the list A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.?

A. The description of using amateur records to encourage the public.
B. The description of old records kept by amateur naturalists.
C. Concerns over amateur data for lacking objectivity and precision.
D. The necessity of encouraging amateur collection.
E. How people react to their involvement in data collection.
F. The application of amateur records to phonology.
【小题1】______________
Tim Sparks slides a small leather-bound notebook out of an envelope. The book’s yellowing pages contain beekeeping notes made between 1941 and 1969 by the late Walter Coates of Kilworth, Leicestershire. He adds it to his growing pile of local journals, birdwatchers’ lists and gardening diaries. "We’re uncovering about one major new record each month," he says, "I still get surprised." Around two centuries before Coates, Robert Marsham, a landowner from Norfolk in east of England, began recording the life cycles of plants and animals on his estate. Successive Marshams continued recording these notes for 211 years.
【小题2】_______________
Today, such records are being put to uses that their authors couldn’t possibly have expected. These data sets, and others like them, are proving valuable to ecologists interested in the timing of biological events, or phonology. By combining the records with climate data, researchers can reveal how, for example, changes in temperature affect the arrival of spring, allowing ecologists to make improved predictions about the impact of climate change.
【小题3】_______________
But not all professionals are happy to use amateur data. "A lot of scientists won’t touch them, they say they’re too full of problems," says Root. Because different observers can have different ideas of what forms, for example, an open snowdrop. "The biggest concern with ad hoc (临时的) observations is how carefully and systematically they were taken,” says Mark Schwarts of the University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, who studies the interactions between plants and climate. "We need to know pretty precisely what a person’s been observing—if they just say ‘I noted when the leaves came out’, it might not be that useful.” Measuring the onset of autumn can be particularly problematic because deciding when leaves change color is a more subjective process than noting when they appear.
【小题4】_______________
Overall, most phrenologists arc positive about the contribution that amateurs can make. "They get the raw power of science: careful observation of the natural world," says Sagarin. Others suggest that the right statistics can iron out some of the problems with amateur data. Together with colleagues at Wageoingen University in the Netherlands, environmental scientist Arnold van Vliet is developing statistical techniques to account for the uncertainty in amateur phonological data. Besides, the data are cheap to collect, and can provide breadth in space, time and range of species," It’s very difficult to collect data on a large geographical scale without enlisting an army of observers, says Root.
【小题5】_______________
Phonology also helps to drive home messages about climate change. “Because the public understand these records, they accept them,” says Sparks. It can also illustrate potentially unpleasant consequences, he adds, such as the finding that more rat infestations are reported to local councils in warmer years. And getting people involved is great for public relations. "People are excited to think that the data they have been collecting as a hobby can be used for something scientific—it empowers them” says Root.

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Austin Children’s Museum
This 7,000-square-foot museum aims to entertain and educate children up to age 9. In its Global City exhibit, people can go shopping for groceries, order lunch at a diner, pretend that they’re doctors or construction workers, and more. In other fun exhibits, they learn about Austin’s history, explore the world of water, and experience life on a large Texas farm.
Open time: From Tuesday to Saturday, 10:00 a.m.~5:00 p.m.
On Sunday, 12:00 a.m.~5:00 p.m.
Address: 201 Colorado St, Austin, Texas 78701
Phone: 512-4722499
Brooklyn Children’s Museum
Founded in 1899, it is the world’s oldest children’s museum, featuring interactive exhibits, workshops, and special events. The Mystery of Things teaches children about cultural and scientific objects and Music Mix welcomes young virtuosos (名家).
Open time: From Wednesday to Friday, 2:00 p.m.~5:00 p.m.
On Saturday and Sunday, 10:00 a.m.~5:00 p.m.
Address: 145 Brooklyn Ave, Brooklyn, New York 1213
Phone: 718-7354400
Children’s Discovery Museum
This museum’s hand-on exhibits explore the relationships between the natural and the created worlds, and among people of different cultures and times. Exhibits include Streets, a 5/8-scale copy of an actual city, with streets lights, and waterworks, which shows how pumps can move water through a reservoir system.
Open time: From Monday to Saturday, 10:00 a.m.~5:00 p.m.
On Sunday, from noon. Closed on holidays.
Address: 180 Woz Way, Guadalupe River Park, San Jose, California 95110
Phone: 408-2985437
Children’s Museum of Indianapolis
This museum is the largest of its kind. Exhibits cover science, culture, space, history, and explorations. Among them are the Space Quest Planetarium (additional fee), the 33-foot-high Water Clock, the Playscape gallery for preschools, and the Dinosphere exhibit, along with hand-on science exhibits.
The largest gallery, the Center for Exploration, is designed for ages 12 and up.
Open time: From Tuesday to Sunday, 10:00 a.m.~5:00 p.m.
Closed on Thanksgiving Day and December 25.
Address: 3000 N Meridian St, Indianapolis, Indiana 46208
Phone: 317-3343322
【小题1】Suppose that December 25 is Tuesday, which of the following museums can you visit?

A.Austin Children’s Museum.
B.Brooklyn Children’s Museum.
C.Children’s Discovery Museum.
D.Children’s Museum of Indianapolis.
【小题2】If you want to see how pumps can move water through a reservoir system, you should visit the museum in _____.
A.TexasB.New York C.California D.Indiana
【小题3】After entering the museum you need to pay an additional fee to see _____.
A.the Center for Exploration
B.the Space Quest Planetarium
C.the Global City exhibit
D.Waterworks
【小题4】Which of the following is not exhibited in Children’s Museum of Indianapolis?
A.culture B.historyC.explorationsD.special events

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