—I'd like to have some lunch but I have to stay here doing my work.

—___________ what you want and I can get it for you.

A. To tell me                     B. Telling me    

C. If you tell me                 D. Tell me

Let’s say you have a piece of wood, a nail, and hammer. Pretend the wood is a person, the nail is a mean rumor (谣言) about that person. If you hammer in the nail, you’re obviously hurting him or her. If you then pull out the nail, there’s still a hole in the wood, and the damage has been done.
There are many reasons why that nail of a rumor can be so harmful. Rumors are, quite simply, a form of bullying (欺悔). When a person or a group makes up a rumor about someone or decides to spread gossip, it’s usually to hurt someone, break up a friendship, or make someone less popular. It’s the same thing as teasing, only it’s done behind someone’s back instead of to his or her face.
When you spread a rumor about someone, you’re sending a signal that the person is outside of the group, and somehow less worthy of friendship than others. You’re making fun of that person or pointing out negative things about him or her. This can let others think that it’s okay to make the person feel bad, and make him or her an outsider.
We need to be able to trust our friends, and gossip and rumors can break this trust. If you tell a personal secret to a friend, and he turns around and tells it to someone else, you might feel like you will get burned if you ever get close to him again.
Letting a rumor influence your behavior is like letting someone else make a big decision for you. Let’s say you hear that the teacher plans to call a Snow Day tomorrow because a blizzard (暴风雪) is coming. Expecting a day off, you don’t do your homework. The next morning, the blizzard turns out to be nothing more than a drizzle（毛毛雨）, and school isn’t off after all. You get zeroes on your work.
【小题1】The purpose of the first paragraph is to        .

A．help readers know what a rumor is	B．attract readers to read the following paragraphs
C．emphasize the damaging effects of rumors	D．explain how a rumor spreads

【小题2】To tell a rumor and a tease apart, you depend on        .

A．whether it is done behind someone	B．whether it is painful or not
C．whether it is a kind if bullying	D．whether it is spread fast

【小题3】 If a rumor is spread about someone, others may        .

A．point out his or her advantages	B．keep away from him or her
C．not feel he or she is an outsider	D．be hurt if getting close to him or her again

【小题4】From the last paragraph, we can infer that        .

A．it is hard to keep rumors a secret	B．rumors can destroy your interest in learning
C．believing rumors can lead to bad choices	D．rumors can control your whole life

【小题5】The purpose of this passage is to         .

A．advise on how to deal with rumors	B．teach us how to judge a rumor
C．find out why rumors spread fast	D．explain why rumors hurt

The $11 billion self-help industry is built on the idea that you should turn negative thoughts like “I never do anything right” into positive ones like “I can succeed.” But was positive thinking advocate Norman Vincent Peale right? Is there power in positive thinking?

　　Researchers in Canada just published a study in the journal Psychological Science that says trying to get people to think more positively can actually have the opposite effect: it can simply highlight how unhappy they are.

　　The study’s authors, Joanne Wood and John Lee of the University of Waterloo and Elaine Perunovic of the University of New Brunswick, begin by citing older research showing that when people get feedback which they believe is very positive, they actually feel worse, not better. If you tell your stupid friend that he has the potential of an Einstein, you’re just underlining his faults. In one 1990s experiment, a team including psychologist Joel Cooper of Princeton asked participants to write essays opposing funding for the disabled. When the essayists were later praised for their sympathy, they felt even worse about what they had written.

　　In this experiment, Wood, Lee and Perunovic measured 68 students’ self-esteem. The participants were then asked to write down their thoughts and feelings for four minutes. Every 15 seconds, one group of students heard a bell. When it rang, they were supposed to tell themselves, “I am lovable.”

　　Those with low self-esteem didn’t feel better after the forced self-affirmation. In fact, their moods turned significantly darker than those of members of the control group, who weren’t urged to think positive thoughts.

　　The paper provides support for newer forms of psychotherapy (心理治疗) that urge people to accept their negative thoughts and feelings rather than fight them. In the fighting, we not only often fail but can make things worse. Meditation techniques, in contrast, can teach people to put their shortcomings into a larger, more realistic perspective. Call it the power of negative thinking.

1.What do we learn from the first paragraph about the self-help industry?

　 A. It has produced positive results.

　 B. It is a highly profitable industry.

　 C. It is based on the concept of positive thinking.

　 D. It was established by Norman Vincent Peale.

2. What does the word “underline” mean (Line 4, Para. 3)?

　 A. point out        B. lay emphasis on     C. pay no attention to    D. take for granted

3.Which of the following is TRUE about the Canadian researchers’ study?

　 A. Encouraging positive thinking many do more good than harm.

   B. Self-affirmation can bring a positive change to one’s mood.

   C. There can be no simple therapy for psychological problems.

   D. Forcing a person to think positive thoughts may lower their self-esteem.

4.What do we learn from the last paragraph?

　 A. Meditation may prove to be a good form of psychotherapy.

　 B. People can avoid making mistakes through meditation.

　 C. Different people tend to have different ways of thinking.

　 D. The effects of positive thinking vary from person to person.

 

（2011·安徽卷）E

George Prochnik would like the world to put a sock in it. He makes his case in a new book, Listening for Meaning in a World of Noise. Here he explains himself (using his indoor voice):

“We’ve become so accustomed to noise, there’s almost a deep prejudice against the idea that silence might be beneficial. If you tell someone to be quiet, you sound like an old man. But it’s never been more important to find continuing quiet. Silence focuses us, improves our health, and is a key to lasting peace and satisfaction.”

“We need to excite people about the sounds you start to hear if you merely quiet things down a little. During a Japanese tea ceremony, the smallest sounds become a kind of art—the spoons making a light ringing sound on a bowl, the edges of a kimono(和服)brushing against the floor.”

“Deaf people are very attentive(专注的)in almost every aspect of life. If two deaf people are walking together, using sign language, they constantly watch out for each other and protect each other by paying steady attention to the other. They are connected yet also fully aware of their surroundings. Even deaf teenagers! We in the hearing world can learn from them. If we remove the powerful blasts(一阵阵)of noise, we become aware of an extraordinarily rich world around us—of little soft sounds and the sound of footsteps, of bird songs and ice cracking(开裂声). It’s astonishing how beautiful things sound when you can really listen. ”

72. What does the phrase “to put a sock in it” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?

A. to be quiet                  B. to be colorful

C. to be full of love             D. to be attentive to someone

73. What does Prochnik say about us?

A. We are used to quietness

B. We have to put up with noise

C. We do not think silence to be beneficial

D. We do not believe lasting peace to be available

74. Which of the following is true according to Prochnik?

A. We need more sounds in our lives

B. There is nothing to be learned from the deaf

C. We are not aware how rich the world around us is

D. There is too much noise at a Japanese tea ceremony

75. It can be inferred from the text that­      .

A. we can benefit a lot from old people

B. it is a good idea to use sign language

C. there is no escape from the world of sound

D. it is possible to find how beautiful things sound

Dr. Julie Coulton, a British psychologist, focuses her research on the extraordinary function of the play in the physical and spiritual development of children and Martti Bergson from the University of Helsinki shows that playing outside, in the open air, contributes to a better development of the brain.

Thus parents must encourage their children to spend as much time as possible in the open air, and at the same time, to ask schools and kindergartens to assure the small a playground outside. Recent statistics (数据) and studies show an alarming increase of the number of hours spent by children in front of the TV and the computer and a decrease of the time spent outside.

As a consequence more and more children suffer from eye problems and have to wear glasses. Also the problem of fatness among children concerns many parents who don't know what to do anymore to make their children eat healthy and balanced.

Children need a space where to develop their creativity mid parents should encourage them all the time. Too many rules hold back the child's personality and creativity and prevent them to develop the desire to know, to find out, to learn.

If you tell your child so many times: "Don't do that, don't mess the room, don't go there ...", he will lose the desire to do something, anything. Parents must watch their children without suffocating (窒息) them. Should you consider they mustn't do that or this, you have to logically explain them your reasons and they will understand.

Through playing a child learns how to communicate, how to take decisions. Playing is connected to the intellectual, emotional and social progress of the child. Playing lets your children learn how to express his feelings.

1.What is worrying the scientists is that ______.

A．most parents pay no attention to their children's playing

B．most schools and kindergartens have no playgrounds

C．most parents encourage their children to watch TV or go surfing

D．most children spend more time on TV or tile Internet than on playing outside

2.Children who watch TV or surf the Internet too much may suffer all the following EXCEPT .

A．eye problems	B．weight problems
C．lack of creativity	D．lack of interest in their lessons

3.The author advises us ______.

A．to allow children to do whatever we want them to do

B．never to forbid children to do anything they want to do

C．to explain why when you don't let children do something

D．to watch children playing anytime to ensure their safety

4.Which would be a best title for this passage?

A．How to develop the brain of your children better

B．Playing is good for your children in many aspects

C．Teaching your children what and how to play

D．Don't forbid your children to do anything