Photographs are everywhere. They decorate (装饰) the walls of homes and are used in stores for sales of different goods. The news is filled with pictures of fires, floods, and special events. Photos record the beauties of nature. They can also bring things close that are far away. Through photos, people can see wild animals, cities in foreign lands, and even the stars in outer space. Photos also tell stories.

Reporting the news through photos is called photojournalism. At times photojournalists tell their stories through a single picture. At other times, they use a group of pictures to tell a story. Each picture is like a chapter in a book, which can do more than record the facts. It can also be a strong force for social change.

Jacob Riis was among the first photojournalists. He took pictures of parts of New York City where the poor lived. Riis believed that poverty(贫穷)　caused crime, and he used photos to help him prove his point. A few years later, the photos of small children working in factories by Lewis Hine shocked the public. Hine’s pictures helped bring about laws to protect such children.

Hundreds of pictures may have to be taken in order to get one or two really good photos. It takes science to have the photo come out clearly and art to make a photo that has a good design and expresses feeling. Photojournalists make an actual record of what they see. A photo, however, can be both a work of art and an actual record. It can record an important event as a beautiful or exciting picture.

As historical and artistic documents(文献) ,photos can become more important over time. Today photojournalists still have their pictures appear in newspapers and magazines. They also publish(发表) them in books and on the Internet.

1.The underlined word “They” in the first paragraph refers to        .

2.The photos of the small children by Hine show us that photos           .

3.What can we learn from the passage?

4.The text is mainly about      .

阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。首先，请阅读以下世界古代奇观的简介：
　　A.  The Great Wall was begun more than two thousand years ago.  It was built to keep out invaders.  It extends about six thousand seven hundred kilometers across northern China.  Today,  the Chinese government is working to repairparts of the wall and protect as much of it as possible.  The Great Wall of China is one of the largest building projects ever attempted.  It is also the only object built by people that can be seen from space.
B.  The Coliseum in Rome,  Italy was built almost two thousand years ago.  The ancient Roman sports center could hold fifty thousand people who gathered there to watch public events.  Experts say it is one of the finest examples of Roman design and engineering.
C.  The city of Machu Picchu in Peru includes some of the best stone works ever built.  The ancient Inca people built Machu Picchu high in the Andes Mountains,  northwest of the city of Cuzco.  Machu Picchu is about thirteen square kilometers.  Historians say it might have been one of the last places of safety for the Incas who were fleeing invaders from Spain.
D.  India is famous for its temples and buildings.  The most famous is the Taj Mahal,  considered one of the most beautiful buildings ever built.  The fifth Mughal emperor,  Shah Jahan,  ordered it built in Agra in sixteen thirty-one.  He built it as a burial place in memory of his wife.  The Taj Mahal has tiny colorful stones inlaid in white marble.  The structure seems to change color during different times of the day and night.
E.  Abu Simbel was built more than three thousand years ago.  It is about 280 kilometers south of Aswan on the western bank of the Nile River.  It took an army of workmen and artists more than thirty years to cut the huge temple into the face of a rock mountain.  In front of the main temple are four huge statues of Ramses the Second.  Each statue is about twenty meters high.
F.  Stonehenge also belongs on a list of ancient wonders. It is a circle of huge stones in southeastern England.  Experts believe work began on Stonehenge about five thousand years ago.  We know very little about Stonehenge. We do not even know how these huge stones were moved to the area.  Much has been written about Stonehenge,  but experts say they still are not sure what it was used for.
以下是旅行者的信息，请匹配他们计划参观的世界奇观。
【小题1】Mr.  Smith, who comes from Rome, Italy,  plans to visit Asia.  He hears about a beautiful building which tells a moving story about the love between an ancient ruler and his wife. ＿＿
【小题2】Li Hua, who has been to the Great Wall several times, plans to visit an ancient wonder in Europe which has as long a history as the Great Wall. ＿
73.  Cindy, who comes from India, plans to visit an ancient temple on the bank of a famous river in Africa.  The temple, in front of which there were some huge statues,  is one of the greatest stone works ever built. ＿
【小题3】Jack will visit one of the oldest stone works ever built by people.  It was made up of huge stones, but how ancient people moved the stones and why they built it remain a mystery.＿
【小题4】A scientist will be sent into space.  He hopes he can see an object built by human beings when he looks at our earth with his bare eyes. ＿＿

"Indeed," George Washington wrote in his diary in 1785, "some kind of fly, or bug, had begun to eat the leaves before I left home." But the father of America was not the father of bug. When Washington wrote that, Englishmen hade been referring to insects as bugs for more than a century, and Americans had already created lightning-bug(萤火虫). But the English were soon to stop using the bugs in their language, leaving it to the Americans to call a bug a bug in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

　　The American bug could also be a person, referring to someone who was crazy about a particular activity. Although fan became the usual term, sports fans used to be called racing bugs, baseball bugs, and the like.

　　Or the bug could be a small machine or object, for example, a bug-shaped car. The bug could also be a burglar alarm, from which comes the expression to bug, that is, "to install (安装) an alarm". Now it means a small piece of equipment that people use for listening secretly to others' conversation. Since the 1840s, to bug has long meant "to cheat", and since the 1940s it has been annoying.

　　We also know the bug as a flaw in a computer program or other design. That meaning dates back to the time of Thomas Edison. In 1878 he explained bugs as "little problems and difficulties" that required months of study and labor to overcome in developing a successful product. In 1889 it was recorded that Edison "had been up the two previous nights discovering 'a bug' in his invented record player."

1.We learn from Paragraph 1 that __________________.

A. Americans had difficulty in learning to use the word bug

B. George Washington was the first person to call an insect a bug

C. the word bug was still popularly used in English in the nineteenth century

D. both Englishman and Americans used the word bug in the eighteenth century

2.What does the word "flaw" in the last paragraph probably mean?

A. Fault.      B. Finding.        C. Origin.      D. Explanation.

3.The passage is mainly concerned with__________________.

A. the misunderstanding of the word bug

B. the development of the word bug

C. the public views of the word bug

D. the special characteristics of the word bug

　　For those who make journeys across the world, the speed of travel today has turned the countries into a series of villages．Distances between them appear no greater to a modern traveler than those which once faced men as they walked from village to village. Jet planes fly people from one end of the earth to the other, allowing them a freedom of movement undreamt of a hundred years ago.
　　Yet some people wonder if the revolution in travel has gone too far. A price has been paid, they say, for the conquest (征服) of time and distance. Travel is something to be enjoyed, not endured (忍受).  The boat offers leisure and time enough to appreciate the ever-changing sights and sounds of a journey. A journey by train also has a special charm about it. Lakes and forests and wild, open plains sweeping past your carriage window create a grand view in which time and distance mean nothing. On board a plane, however, there is just the blank blue of the sky filling the narrow window of the airplane. The soft lighting, in-flight films and gentle music make up the only world you know, and the hours progress slowly.
　　 Then there is the time spent being “processed” at a modern airport. People are conveyed like robots along walkways; baggage is weighed, tickets produced, examined and produced yet again before the passengers move to another waiting area. Journeys by rail and sea take longer, yes, but the hours devoted to being “processed” at departure and arrival in airports are luckily absent. No wonder, then, that the modern high-speed trains are winning back passengers from the airlines.
　　Man, however, is now a world traveler and cannot turn his back on the airplane. The working lives of too many people depend upon it; whole new industries have been built around its design and operation. The holiday maker, too, with limited time to spend, patiently endures the busy airports and limited space of the flight to gain those extra hours and even days, relaxing in the sun. speed controls people’s lives; time saved, in work or play, is the important thing—or so we are told. Perhaps those first horsemen, riding free across the wild, open plains, were enjoying a better world than the one we know today. They could travel at will, and the clock was not their master.
【小题1】What does the writer try to express in Paragraph 1?

Most British telephone cards are just plain green, but card collecting is becoming a popular hobby in Britain and collectors even have their own magazine, International Telephone Cards. One reason for their interest is that cards from around the world come in a wide variety of different and often very attractive designs. There are 100, 000 different cards in Japan alone, and there you can put your own design onto a blank card simply by using a photograph or a business card.

　　The first telephone cards, produced in 1976, were Italian. Five years later the first British card appeared, and now you can buy cards in more than a hundred countries. People usually start collecting cards because they are attractive, small and light , and they do not need much space. It is also a cheap hobby for beginners, although for some people it becomes a serious business. In Paris, for example, there is a market where you can buy only telephone cards, and some French cards cost up to 4, 000 pounds. The first Japanese card has a value of about 28, 000 pounds. Most people only see cards with prices like these in their collectors magazine.

1.The text is mainly about ________ .

　　A. the history of phone cards         　　B. phone card collecting as a hobby

　　C. reason for phone card collecting   　　  D. the great variety of phone cards

2.When did people in Britain begin to use phone cards?

　　A. In 1971.　　     B. In 1975.　   　  C. In 1976.　　　　　D. In 1981.

3.The main reason for most people to collect phone cards is that ________ .

　　A. they find the cards beautiful and easy to keep

　　B. they like to have something from different countries

　　C. they want to make money with cards

　　D. they think the cards are convenient to use

4.The writer mentions a market in Paris in order to show that ________

　　 A. card collecting is popular among young people

　　 B. French and Japanese cards are the most valuable

　　 C. people can make money out of card collecting

　　 D. card collectors magazines are very useful