Sustainable development is applied to just about everything from energy to clean water and economic growth, and as a result it has become difficult to question either the basic assumptions behind it or the way the concept is put to use．This is especially true in agriculture, where sustainable development is often taken as the sole measure of progress without a proper appreciation of historical and cultural perspectives．

To start with, it is important to remember that the nature of agriculture has changed markedly throughout history, and will continue to do so ．Medieval agriculture in northern Europe fed, clothed and sheltered a predominantly rural society with a much lower population density than it is today．It had minimal effect on biodiversity, and any pollution it brought about was typically localized．In terms of energy use and the nutrients captured in the product it was relatively inefficient．

Contrast this with farming since the start of the industrial revolution．Competition from overseas led farmers to specialize and increase yields．Throughout this period food became cheaper, safe and more reliable．However, these changes have also led to habitat loss and to diminishing biodiversity．

What’s more, demand for animal products in developing countries is growing so fast that meeting it will require an extra 300 million tons of grain a year by 2050，yet the growth of cities and industry is reducing the amount of water available for agriculture in many regions．

All this means that agriculture in the 21st century will have to be very different from how it was in the 20th．This will require radical（激进的）thinking．For example, we need to move away from the idea that traditional practices are inevitably more sustainable than new ones．We also need to abandon the notion that agriculture can be “zero impact”．The key will be to abandon the rather simple and static measures of sustainability, which centre on the need to maintain production without increasing damage．Instead we need a more dynamic interpretation, one that looks at the pros and cons of all the various way land is used．There are many different ways to measure agricultural performance besides food yield: energy use, environmental costs, water purity, carbon footprint and biodiversity．It is clear, for example, that the carbon of transporting tomatoes from Spain to the UK is less than that of producing them in the UK with additional heating and lighting, but we do not know whether lower carbon footprints will always be better for biodiversity．

What is crucial is recognizing that sustainable agriculture is not just about sustainable food production．

72．How do people often measure progress in agriculture?

A．By its productivity                 B． By its impact on the environment　　

C．By its sustainability                D．By its contribution to economic growth

73．What does the author think of traditional farming practices?

　　A．They have remained the same over the centuries

　　B．They have not kept pace with population growth

　　C．They are not necessarily sustainable

　　D．They are environmentally friendly

74．What will agriculture be like in the 21st century?

　　A．It will go through radical changes

　　B．It will supply more animal products

　　C．It will abandon traditional farming practices

　　D．It will cause zero damage to the environment

75．What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?

　　A．To remind people of the need of sustainable development

　　B．To suggest ways of ensuring sustainable food production

　　C．To advance new criteria for measuring farming progress

　　D．To urge people to rethink what sustainable agriculture is．

Part I
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Part II
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【小题1】Which of the following can be the best title for Part I?

When my daughter was five, we gave her a piano as her birthday gift, with great excitement; she began learning piano under the teacher’s guidance. However, when she was no longer curious about it, she became sick of it. After all, it is a tough job to learn piano, not to mention the daily routine of practice. Therefore, every time, I had to urge her again and again, either to force or offer her some profits for the practice. She always felt uncomfortable sitting on that stool, so she would either scratch her nose or ears, or hide in the bathroom for quite a long while.

Her first teacher left and moved somewhere else; my friend introduced me to an American teacher. The American teacher’s way of teaching was complete American style. After practicing, she would give my daughter some good comments on the excellent part (despite it being just a small one), and then point out what should be improved. What’s more, every time she came, instead of beginning the lesson right away, she would first play some music. She said, “To learn playing the piano, you should learn not only the skills of playing, but more importantly, to feel the music and love it.”

To my surprise, my daughter gradually became fond of piano lessons. Sometimes she even would like to show off a little bit in class after her skill had reached a certain level. Her confidence and sense of achievement were enhanced with the appreciation and acknowledgement from her teachers and classmates.

Surprisingly, my daughter said to me one day, “Mom, I was lucky because you didn’t give up my piano lessons.Learining piano is like climbing a mountain. You’ll feel tired when you are on the way. When you look down from where you are, you will realize that you have been making progress. But if you stop, you will never take one more step.” Hearing these inspiring words, I could not hold back my tears, thinking: that is the very thing I want to teach her, something that is more important than learning piano.                                     

56. My daughter __________ when she was not curious about piano.

  A. became sick         B. got tired of it        C. felt tired          D.felt relaxed

57. According to the passage, what is most important for the children to learn to play the piano _______

  A.praise            B.encourage           C.force             D.help

58. What made my daughter interested in piano again?

  A. Showing off in class.                        B. Her skillful performance.

C. Her confidence and sense of an achievement.     D. Her acknowledge from classmates.

59. What is best title of the passage?

  A.Piano is an useful instrument                  B. American teachers are excellent.

C.Playing the piano is very important             D. Be addicted, and you’ll succeed

       How do you get a man to do his share of the housework? If you are like most women, you’ve faced this question the hard way.

       A man will enjoy a clean, orderly house, but he usually won’t make the effort to clean or organise it. This doesn't mean that a woman has to do all the housework:; she may have to manage many of the household duties, and request her partner’s participation（参与）. A woman can often say that men and women should take equal responsibility（责任） for housework.

       Very few men are raised to be fully responsible for housework, and many men look on housework as women’s work. On the other hand, most men will readily work around the yard, make repairs and complete projects on weekends or evenings, and it’s important that you give your man appreciation for those things, too. Most men will take on a little additional housework around the house if asked politely. They are even more likely to do housework if they can choose what they want to do, and do it without being monitored.

       Here’s the key: men want to feel that they are doing housework either because they want to do a task, or because they simply want to please their women. Men are much less likely to take on household tasks they consider uninteresting and unimportant. In other words, men are likely to do a household task just for the good of the house.

The passage is mainly about how to _____.

       A. get men to take on some housework

       B. get men to serve their families

       C. praise men’ housework

       D. make men do all the housework

According to the passage, a man_____.

       A. is willing to do housework

   B. likes to be told to do housework

       C. is taught to be responsible for housework from childhood

       D. likes a clean house but doesn’t make efforts to clean it

In order to get men to do some housework, women should often_____.

       A. order them to do their share

       B. ask them to do some housework politely

       C. blame men’s laziness

       D. monitor men’s work

According to the passage, the underlined sentence in the last paragraph means that men won’t _____.

       A. work without any payment

       B. do unimportant household tasks

       C. do housework without women’s praise

       D. please their wives

According to the passage, which of the following would a husband most probably like to do?

       A. Cleaning the table.    B. Doing some sewing.

       C. Painting the fence.    D. Asking his wife to work on the yard.

第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
A
Spending time together is very important for a family. Parents can use this time to really get to know their children, and children love spending time together with their parents.
Whether it is breakfast, lunch or dinner, families can always come together at the table. Meal time can feed more than just the baby alone, family relations can be promoted as well. Eating breakfast together is a great way to start the day. Eating dinner together every night allows families to share the happening of the day and plan for tomorrow.
Everyone loves a good movie. Break out a bowl of popcorn and gather on the couch together for a family movie night once a week. After a week or two, families begin to really look forward to this relaxing and quiet family time.
Pack up your tent and head for the hills. Going camping is a great way for families have some of that special time together, and a great way to have a holiday too!
Games are fun for both kids and adults. There are so many games to choose from ! This is a wonderful way to bring families together as games make family time so fun !
Gather your family together for a story. Kids just love bedtime stories, This allows parents to spend a bit of time with their kids, too. Children will fall asleep much easier after having a story read to them. This little bit of family time is beneficial in a lot of ways.
Enjoy your family time and have fun with it . You’ll remember the special time for the of your lives.
56．The author thinks playing games is a good way to bring family together because_________．
A．family time is always a fun game
B．both parents and children like games
C．there are so many games for children
D．games are to children what movies are to parents
57．The author seems to believe that________．
A．eating dinner together is to prepare for tomorrow
B．parents should treat children as readers
C．children need parents to read to them
D．watching movies is always special
58．The author implies that_________．
A．watching a movie with popcorn is a practice
B．there is little time for a family to read together
C．meal time can help to strengthen family ties
D．camping is good way to stay away from stress
59．By writing the passage, the author intends to__________．
A．tell readers why it’s necessary to spend family time together
B．show people like spending family time together
C．express his appreciation of the time his family spent is important
D．explain why reading to children before they go to sleep is important
60．The main purpose of the text is to________．
A．give advice        B．provide facts      C．tell a story       D．compare opinions